RU216626U1 - Filter type head and respiratory protection device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the improvement of head armor protection equipment combined with filter-type personal respiratory protection equipment that protects human respiratory organs from exposure to toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents and is intended for use by military personnel operating in conditions of infection . The technical result is to reduce the time to bring a filter-type respiratory protection device combined with a head armor protection device into combat condition in conditions of sudden use by the enemy of toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents. To achieve it, a device for protecting the head and respiratory organs of a filtering type is proposed. The device for protecting the head and respiratory organs of the filtering type consists of an armored helmet, in the body of which there are filtering-absorbing elements and an exhalation valve. A sensor for detecting toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents is installed on the outer upper part of the helmet. The sensor is connected by electrical wires with two transfer mechanisms of filtering-absorbing elements and plugs fixed by soldering on the outer side of the armored helmet, which are housings with electronic mechanisms located inside with longitudinally moving rods, to which plugs with a hole for passing air and filtering are attached by soldering. absorbing elements, and with soldered on the outer front side of the helmet with a transfer mechanism of the exhalation valve and a plug, which is a body with an electronic mechanism located inside with a longitudinally moving rod, to which a plug with a hole for passing air through it and an exhalation valve is attached by soldering. The exhalation valve is connected to the air supply pipe of the pneumoobturator. 1 ill.

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to the improvement of head armor protection equipment combined with filter-type personal respiratory protection equipment that protects human respiratory organs from exposure to toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents and is intended for use by military personnel operating in conditions of infection.

State of the art

Development of military equipment associated with the creation of an integrated head protection (combined arms armor helmet 6B47. Operation manual. 6B47.00.000RE.2014. - 4 p.), Complete with which a respiratory protection system is used from exposure to toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents is an important and urgent task.

When solving it, an important point is the integration of such a tool with a filter-type respiratory protection system. It is necessary for use in conditions of long-term presence of both military personnel in zones of contamination with toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents, as well as special units, for example, conducting work to eliminate their consequences.

The task of quickly bringing into combat condition the personal respiratory protection equipment of the filtering type combined with the head armor protection equipment is the most relevant. the life of a soldier depends on her decision.

From the prior art, means of protecting the respiratory organs of a soldier are known - filtering gas masks PMK-2 and PMK-3 (Manual for the operation of protective equipment. Part 2. Moscow, 2006), in which the purification of air exhaled by a person (carbon dioxide) occurs in the filter absorption boxes.

Under conditions of sudden use by the enemy of toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents, a serviceman needs from 7 to 12 seconds to bring these agents from a marching state to a combat state.

Poorly trained military personnel, as well as military personnel who have not brought personal respiratory protection equipment into combat condition, become targets of destruction in the face of sudden use by the enemy of toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents.

Various technical solutions are known from the prior art aimed at integrating filter-type personal respiratory protection equipment into head armor protection equipment, for example, utility model patents RU 207263, RU 190408, invention RU 2505325.

One of the significant drawbacks is that these protective equipment are intended for use only in the zone of contamination with toxic chemicals, chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents. the elements of the gas mask are fully integrated into the cavity of the helmet and cannot be removed.

Under normal combat conditions, their use as a means of protecting the head from bullets and shrapnel is impractical, since when put on, the soldier will breathe through a gas mask built into the armored helmet. In addition, the means of cleaning the air will provide significant resistance to the breathing of a soldier when inhaling. To be used outside the contamination zone, air purifiers must be dismantled and stored separately from the armored helmet as part of the wearable equipment of a soldier, which can lead to their loss and damage.

So, for example, in an armored respirator mask (patent for utility model RU 200125), filtering and absorbing elements are replaced with plugs for its use outside the zone of contamination with toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents. However, in conditions of sudden use by the enemy of toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents, it takes up to 1-2 minutes for a soldier to install the filtering-absorbing and valve system in an armored respirator mask in conditions of bated breath and eyes closed. For poorly trained military personnel, this can be fatal. The standard for the use of filter-type personal protective equipment in the event of a sudden use by the enemy of toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents is up to 10-12 seconds.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed utility model can be the design of an armored helmet with an integrated system for cleaning the outside air from harmful impurities and supplying it to the undermask space of the armored helmet, described in patent RU 207263.

However, this remedy does not solve the problems described above.

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed utility model is the improvement of combat equipment of a serviceman, integrated with filter-type respiratory protective equipment.

Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to reduce the time to bring a filter-type respiratory protection device combined with a head armor protection device into a combat state in conditions of sudden use by the enemy of toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents.

To achieve this technical result, a device for protecting the head and respiratory organs of a filtering type is proposed, consisting of an armored helmet, in the body of which filtering-absorbing elements and an exhalation valve are placed, while a sensor for detecting toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances is installed on the outer upper part of the armored helmet. , radioactive dust and biological agents, connected by electrical wires with soldered on the outer side of the armored helmet by two transfer mechanisms of filtering and absorbing elements and plugs, which are cases with electronic mechanisms located inside with longitudinally moving rods, to which plugs with a hole for passage are attached by soldering air and filter-absorbing elements through them, and with soldered on the outer front side of the armored helmet with a transfer mechanism of the exhalation valve and plug, which is a housing with an electronic mechanism located inside with a a longitudinally moving rod, to which a plug with a hole for air passage through it and an exhalation valve are connected by soldering, while the exhalation valve is connected to the air supply pipe of the pneumoobturator.

Brief description of the drawings

The figure shows a filter-type head and respiratory protection device, where:

1 - armored helmet;

2 - pneumoobturator;

3 - overpressure valve;

4 - air supply pipe;

5 - two transfer mechanisms of filtering-absorbing elements and plugs;

6 - sensor for detecting toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents;

7 - transfer mechanism of the exhalation valve and plugs.

Implementation of the utility model

The device for protecting the head and respiratory organs of the filtering type, shown in the figure, consists of an armored helmet 1 with a sensor for detecting toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents 6 installed by soldering on its upper outer surface, which is connected by electrical wires (not shown in the figure). shown) with two transfer mechanisms of filter-absorbing elements and plugs 5 and a transfer mechanism of the exhalation valve and plug 7 fixed by soldering on the outer surface of the helmet 1.

The transfer mechanisms of the filtering-absorbing elements and plugs 5 and the transfer mechanism of the exhalation valve and plugs 7 are designed for transferring and installing filter-absorbing elements, exhalation valve and plugs in places specially integrated on the body of the helmet and back.

The transfer mechanism of the filtering-absorbing elements and the plug 5 is a housing with an electronic mechanism located inside with a longitudinally moving rod, to which both the plug and the filter-absorbing elements are soldered.

Filtering and absorbing elements are designed to clean the outside air from toxic substances. They can be different depending on the toxic chemical used by the enemy, chemically hazardous substance, radioactive dust and biological agent.

The transfer mechanism of the exhalation valve and plug 7 is a housing with an electronic mechanism located inside with a longitudinally moving rod, to which both the plug and the exhalation valve are soldered, which is connected to the air supply pipe 4 to the pneumoobturator 2.

The exhalation valve is designed both to bring the exhaled air out and to supply part of the exhaled air to the pneumoobturator 2.

The bodies of the transfer mechanisms and plugs are made of a material based on Kevlar fibers that is resistant to high-velocity projectiles and secondary fragments and have holes for air to pass through them.

In some cases, the sensor 6 can be connected to the filter-absorbing elements and plug 5 and the exhalation valve and plug 7 by a wireless connection, for example, via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth connections.

The sensor 6 is designed to detect toxic chemicals, chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents, and issue both an audible signal and signals to the two transfer mechanisms of the filter-absorbing elements and plug 5 and the transfer mechanism of the exhalation valve and plug 7. Sensor 6 is calibrated in such a way that it responds to a concentration or toxodose of toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents not higher than the threshold, i.e. to the value of PCt 50 because it is at this value of toxodose that the serviceman receives the first signs of defeat.

In the lower part of the armored helmet 1, a pneumatic obturator 2 is glued, which is a round-shaped chamber made of rubberized material of the composition: SKI-3 rubber - 100 wt.h., Ground sulfur - 1.2 wt.h., Altax - 0.6 wt.h. ., diphenylguanidine - 3 parts by weight, stearin - 1 part by weight, carbon black - 30 parts by weight, ZnO - 5 parts by weight, N-isopropyl-N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine - 1 wt. h. with a valve for supplying air 4 to the internal space of the pneumo-obturator and an overpressure valve 3 to maintain the required pressure inside the pneumo-obturator 2.

The main task of the pneumatic obturator 2 is to prevent the penetration of toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents into the internal space of the armored helmet through leaks in the neck part of the head of a serviceman.

All components of the device are mounted at the factory.

The device for protecting the head and respiratory organs of the filtering type works as follows.

In the stowed state, by two transfer mechanisms of filtering-absorbing elements and plugs 5 and a transfer mechanism of the exhalation valve and plug 7, the integrated places of the armored helmet are closed by the corresponding plugs, in which holes are made for the passage of air inhaled by the serviceman into the helmet space and the output of air exhaled by the serviceman to the outside.

The device for protecting the head and respiratory organs of the filtering type is brought into combat position automatically when toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents are detected in the air at their toxodose equal to PCt 50. The detection sensor 6 generates an audible signal lasting 5 seconds. , and a signal to two transfer mechanisms of filter-absorbing elements and plugs 5 and a transfer mechanism of the exhalation valve and plugs 7. The electronic mechanism is activated and the longitudinal rod moves the plugs to the side, and both filter-absorbing elements and the exhalation valve are installed in their places .

The air contaminated with toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents is cleaned in the filter-absorbing elements and passes into the under-helmet space. Part of the air exhaled by the serviceman exits through the exhalation valve, and part enters through the air supply pipe 4 into the internal space of the pneumoobturator 2, thereby filling it.

Signs of sufficient filling of pneumoobturator 2 is its reliable contact with the neck of a serviceman. During breathing, the necessary pressure will be constantly maintained in the chamber of the pneumatic obturator 2, which is necessary to exclude (suction) the ingress of toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents into the helmet space through leaks in the neck part of the head. Excess air is vented through the overpressure valve 3.

In the absence of toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents with a toxodose less than PCt 50 in the air, the detection sensor 6 generates both an audible signal lasting 5 seconds and a signal to two transfer mechanisms of filter-absorbing elements and plugs 5 and a transfer switch. exhalation valve mechanism and plugs 7 for installation in the plugs integrated on the helmet 1.

Implementation example.

The operability test of the proposed device was carried out on a sensor for detecting aerosols and vapors of emergency chemically hazardous substances installed on an armored helmet based on a DHT22 semiconductor sensor on an Arduino UNO board with an alert indicator.

A filter-type head and respiratory protection device was tested on a mannequin wearing a head placed in a chamber in which a concentration of ammonia was created that simulates a harmful impurity. The ammonia concentration was controlled by chemical control devices. In the submask space of the dummy there was a sensor for measuring the type and concentration of the substance. In the space under the helmet, a rarefaction was created, simulating the breathing of a serviceman performing actions of average physical activity.

Upon reaching the threshold toksodose PCt 50 of ammonia 0.25 mg/min⋅l, also recorded by the chemical control device, the sensor gave a light and sound signal. Within 1 sec. two transfer mechanisms of the filter-absorbing elements and plugs and the transfer mechanism of the exhalation valve and plugs worked. The pneumoobturator was filled with air within 3 seconds. The air purified from ammonia began to enter the under-helmet space of the armored helmet, the concentration and composition of which were constantly recorded by a chemical control device.

Ammonia concentrations were measured outside and inside the undermask space of the armored helmet and the suction coefficient was calculated, which amounted to 1⋅10 ^-4 %, which corresponds to the tactical and technical requirements for respiratory protection (Manual for the operation of protective equipment. Part 1. Moscow, 2011 d.) for protection against toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust.

Thus, the time to bring the personal respiratory protection equipment combined with the head armor protection was 1 second and the respiratory organs were isolated from the effects of harmful impurities (no suction of harmful impurities), which allows us to conclude that the claimed technical result has been achieved, i.e. reducing the time to bring the respiratory protection equipment combined with the head armor into a combat state in conditions of sudden use by the enemy of toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological agents.

Claims (1)

A device for protecting the head and respiratory organs of a filtering type, consisting of an armored helmet, in the body of which filtering-absorbing elements and an exhalation valve are located, characterized in that a sensor for detecting toxic chemicals, emergency chemically hazardous substances, radioactive dust and biological means, connected by electrical wires with soldered on the outer side of the armored helmet by two transfer mechanisms of filtering-absorbing elements and plugs, which are cases with electronic mechanisms located inside with longitudinally moving rods, to which plugs with a hole for passing air through them and filtering are attached by soldering - absorbing elements, and with soldered on the outer front side of the armored helmet with a transfer mechanism for the exhalation valve and plugs, which is a housing with an electronic mechanism located inside with a longitudinally moving rod, to which the solder which is connected to a plug with a hole for the passage of air through it and an exhalation valve, while the exhalation valve is connected to the air supply pipe of the pneumatic obturator.

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