RU20685U1 - SIMULATOR FOR TRAINING OPERATORS OF MANAGED WEAPONS - Google Patents

Description

Simulator for training controlled operators

weapons.

The proposed utility model relates to technical training aids and can be used in simulators to train operators of guided weapon systems during training in the "training," self-training modes with the aim of acquiring, maintaining and improving the corresponding skills of "combat work."

Under guided weapons systems are meant portable anti-tank missile systems (ATGMs) of the Bassoon, Competition, and Competition-M series, which incorporate the same 9P135M launcher (launcher) (see, for example, the article “Solo on“ Bassoon in the journal "Military Knowledge, No. 9, 1994). An anti-tank guided missile (ATGM), a periscopic sight and control equipment are mounted on a tripod with articulated articulated legs. The control equipment is compactly placed in a special container to the right under the guide. The aiming mark guidance equipment on the target includes, among other things, a horizontal (GN) and vertical (VP) guidance drive with the corresponding handwheels. There is also a launcher in the equipment of the launcher, designed to give a command to “launch the rocket.

A known simulator for training operators of guided weapons, containing a launcher simulator, consisting of an operator’s sight channel, a swivel simulator with vertical and horizontal guidance drives, a trigger mechanism and a tripod, series-connected information and control and control display units, operator’s head phones, a dimensional body, bearing, braking device of the VP drive, controlled by mechanical communication passing through the dimensional housing from the start mechanism, while optically the output of the sighting channel of the launcher simulator, which is the optical output of the launcher simulator, is directed to the information display unit, the audio output of the swivel simulator, which is the audio output of the launcher simulator, is connected to the operator’s head phones, the signal output of the swivel simulator, which is the signal output of the launcher simulator installation, connected to the input-output information of the control and monitoring unit, the audio output of which is connected to the audio MPK G 09V 9/08

the input of the launcher simulator, which is the audio input of the swivel simulator, while the joint design of the launcher simulator blocks containing the sighting channel, the swivel simulator, the launch mechanism, and the overall housing can be mounted either on a support attached to the table of the operator’s workstation or on a tripod (see utility model certificate No. 10920/99 “Simulator for training guided weapons operators).

The disadvantage of this simulator is the insufficient quality of the visual environment information generated on the monitor of the display unit, obtained, for example, by scanning a photograph of a sector of a real area with subsequent input of the image into the memory of a personal electronic computer (PC). It is clear that the image of the visual environment obtained from the photograph is flat rather than voluminous and cannot take into account all the nuances of the terrain, such as relief folds, hills, clouds, etc., the movement of targets over rough terrain is not realistic enough. All this reduces the training capabilities of the simulator.

The authors were faced with the task of creating a competitive simulator based on computer technology with wide functionality for the initial training of operators of portable ATGMs such as “Bassoon,“ Competition, “Competition-M in the skills of detection and two-coordinate tracking of simulated targets, production of electronic launches and subsequent training in order to maintain and improving acquired skills.

The problem is solved by introducing additional devices into the known simulator, their connections between themselves and the known blocks.

Specifically, the problem was solved due to the fact that the simulator for the training of guided weapons operators, containing a launcher simulator, includes an operator’s sight channel, a swivel simulator with vertical and horizontal guidance drives located in the dimensional housing of the launcher simulator mounted on a support that is mounted to the table of the operator’s workstation, serially connected control and monitoring and information display units, operator’s head phones connected via a simulator kovoy setting the audio output control and monitoring unit as well as a braking device and start mechanism, structurally included in the drive vertical guidance, wherein the optical sighting channel simulator output launcher is aimed at block

displaying information, an additional micro-computer unit has been introduced, consisting of a series-connected matching device, the microcontroller itself and the standard interface level converter, while the output of the standard interface level converter, which is the output of the micro-computer node and simultaneously the signal output of the launcher simulator, is connected to the input RS-485 interface board of the control and monitoring unit, the power supply output of which is the power input of the launcher simulator, the first and second The swarm signal outputs of the swivel simulator, which are the outputs of the vertical and horizontal guidance drives, respectively, are connected to the first and second information inputs of the microcomputer node, which are the corresponding information inputs of the matching device, and the power inputs of the microcomputer node and the swivel simulator, which are respectively the supplying inputs of the matching device, microcontroller, standard interface level converter and horizontal and vertical guidance drives connected to the pit Valid present simulator launcher.

The inventive simulator for training operators of guided weapons has a set of essential features unknown from the prior art for simulators of this purpose, which allows us to conclude that the criterion of "novelty for a utility model.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated using the drawings, where:

in FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a simulator;

in FIG. 2 - electric circuit simulator launcher;

in FIG. 3 - general view of the simulator;

The simulator (Fig. 1) contains a launcher simulator 1 (PU), which includes an operator’s sighting channel 2, a swivel simulator 3 with vertical (HV) 4 and horizontal 5 (GN) drives placed in the dimensional body 6 of the launcher simulator 1 mounted on a support 7, serially connected control and monitoring units 8 and information display 9, operator head phones 10 connected through the simulator 1 of the launcher to the audio output of the control and control unit 8, the brake 11 device and the drive start mechanism 12 H 4, and comprises entered into the simulator 1 PU unit 13 is a microcomputer composed of series connected matching device 14, the microcontroller 15 itself and a standard interface level converter 16. In this case, the optical output of the sighting channel 2 of the simulator 1 of the control unit is directed to the information display unit 9, the output of the standard interface level converter 16, which is the output of the micro-computer unit 13 and simultaneously the signal output of the control unit simulator 1 is connected to the input of the RS-485 interface circuit board of the control unit 8 and control, the output of the power supply unit 8 of the control and control is the power input of the simulator 1 PU. The first and second signal outputs of the swivel simulator 3, which are the outputs of the VP 4 and GP 5 drives, respectively, are connected to the first and second information inputs of the microcomputer node 13, which are the corresponding information inputs of the matching device 14, and the power inputs of the microcomputer node 13 and the simulator 3 swivel, which are respectively the power inputs of the matching device 14, the microcontroller 15, the level converter 16 of the standard interface and the drives GP 5 and VP 4 are connected to the power input of the simulator 1 PU.

The electrical circuit of the PU simulator 1 (Fig. 2) contains the A1-17 board with the elements of the microcomputer assembly 13 placed on it, the GP drive simulator A2-18, the VP drive simulator A6-19, block connectors XI, for example, 2РМТ24Б19Ш1В1В, Х2 plug “Phone -21, for example, a two-pin socket RD1-1. The connector 20 is designed to connect the simulator 1 PU to the control and monitoring unit 8. The connector 21 is designed to connect the head phones 10 of the operator.

The A1-17 board includes a standard interface converter made on an integrated circuit (IC) D1-22, for example, ADM 485 AN, a microcontroller on a large integrated circuit (LSI) D2-23, for example, AT89S8252-24PI, a matching device on IS D3-24, for example, 533AP5, filtering capacitors C4-27, C5-28, for example, K10-17a-P90-0.1uKF-V, C6-29, for example, K53-18-16V-ZZmkF ± 10%, connectors for printed wiring 25, 26, X1 and X2, for example, plugs SPP-268-9VP31-1-4-V. Additionally, the BIS D2-23 (AT89S8252-24PI) switching circuit includes a B1-30 quartz resonator, for example, K1-4VP-22.1 MHz, correction capacitors C1, C2-31 and 32, respectively, for example, K10-17a-PZZ-20pF ± 5% -V, elements for forming the pulse of the initial installation resistor R1-33, for example, С2-ЗЗП0,125-10кОм ± 5% -А-В-В, and capacitor СЗ-34, for example, К53-1816В-ЗЗмкФ ± 10%. The matching device D3-24, the microcontroller D2-23, the level converter of the standard interface D1-22 are designed for their intended purpose: decoupling and matching signals by current (D3-24), generating pulse sequences of a certain frequency, transmitting information about the signals in encoded form guidance and start-up (D223), conversion of the level of generated signals in the RS-485 interface standard (D1-22).

The GN A2-18 drive simulator includes GN A3, A4-35, 36 GN drive sensors, A5-37 horizontal guidance speed sensor, XI "A1-X1 -38 volumetric mounting connector, for example, SNtb8-9RP111-1- socket IN.

The VN A6-19 drive simulator includes VN A7, A8-38, 39 drive sensors, A9-40 start sensor, XI connector A1-X2 -41 for volume mounting, for example, SNP268-9RP111-1-V socket.

Sensors АЗ-35, А4-36, А7-38, А8-39, А5-37, А9-40 are intended for their intended use - generation of guidance signals horizontally and vertically, formation of a signal of guidance speed horizontally (higher value of guidance speed to detect the target and a lower value of the guidance speed to accompany the target and to keep the aiming mark on the target), the formation of the “rocket. The circuitry of these sensors is the same and is based on using a slot VI-41 octron as a displacement and information reading sensor, for example, AOT147B with a filter capacitor C1-42, for example, K10-17a-N90-0.1mkF-V, and current-carrying resistors R2 -43, R1-44, for example, C2-ЗЗН-0.125-10кОм + 5% -А-В-В and С2-ЗЗН-0.125-200Ом ± 5% -А-В-В, respectively. Okgron AOT147B is an infrared diode emitter and a silicon phototransistor receiver in a single package.

Thus, the main structural elements of the swivel simulator 3 are the vertical 4 and horizontal 5 drives with the corresponding controls (handwheels). In turn, the GN and VN drives are equipped with grooved disks (each drive has one disk) and two octrons (sensors) fixed relative to the grooves and offset from each other, placed on printed circuit boards and mounted on racks. During the rotation of the flywheel drives VN and GN simulator 3 swivel disks are rotated. At the same time, a part of the disk with grooves spread on it around the circumference passes inside the slotted gaps in the octron cases, as a result of which the sensors of the horizontal 35, 36 and vertical 38, 39 guidance drives generate pulse sequences corresponding to the aiming mark aiming signals on the target in the simulator. Each of the disks of the VN and GN drives has 22 grooves, providing together with the GN drive gearbox and drive mechanism

VN simulation of the corresponding gear ratios of a real launcher.

Thus, the 5H drive is structurally a gearbox with a two-stage gear transmission, including a housing, tubes, gears and an inertial flywheel. The gearbox housing is covered by a cover, on the reverse side of which racks with printed circuit boards are mounted (the elements of sensors AZ-35, A4-36 are installed on the plans) and an arm with a board on which the elements of the speed sensor A5-37 are placed. The shaft on which the grooved disk is mounted is rigidly connected to the flywheel. When the flywheel and, accordingly, the disk are rotated by the octrons of the AZ-35 and A436 sensors, pulse sequences are formed that simulate the signals of aiming the aiming mark on the target horizontally.

A horizontal guidance speed change signal is generated when the rod moves and the shutter is mounted on the sleeve, correspondingly, inside the slotted octron groove of the A5-37 sensor.

The structure of the 4 HV drive of the swivel simulator 3 structurally includes: the start mechanism 12, a flywheel, a shaft with a disk, a housing, a lever system, a brake 11 device, a circuit board with A7-38, A8-39 sensors placed on them.

The main components of the trigger mechanism 12: lever, sear, axis of the earring, earring, fuse, pusher, trigger. To cock the start-up mechanism, it is necessary to transfer the fuse from the HIKE position to the FIGHT position and the lever (highlighted in black at position 12, see FIG. 3) turn upwards to the stop and release. In this case, the earring will rotate together with the axis and with its tooth it will fall onto the sear, and the axis during rotation will transmit the movement to the control device of the 4 VN drive shutter. The shutter leaves the slot gap of the octron of the A9-40 sensor. In this case, along the “Start” circuit (see FIG. 2), the start-up sensor A9-40 generates a signal “log.O.

Brake 11 device drive 4 VN is a spring-loaded brake. When you press the trigger of the trigger 12, under the action of the spring, the stop returns the lever system to its initial state, the shutter closes the octron of the trigger sensor A9-40, and a signal is generated “log. 1, simulating the issuance of the“ Start ”command and the spring-loaded brake is released by the levers, simulating a reduction in the load on the VN drive during the descent of the “rocket from the launch cradle”.

The octrons of the guidance sensors (A7-38, A8-39) are located on the boards mounted on the racks. When rotating the flywheel

The VN part of the disk mounted on the shaft extends inside the gap gaps in the octron cases. In this case, due to the grooves located around the circumference of the disk, impulse sequences are formed by octrons that simulate guidance signals in the vertical plane.

The swivel simulator 3 case is mounted on a support 7, which is attached to the table of the operator’s workplace. The support structure 7 corresponds to the developed design documentation, having the designation GIEF.301314.054.

The main components of the optical scheme of the operator’s sight channel 2 are the lens and the wraparound system with an eyepiece. The sighting channel focuses on the information display unit 9, located at a distance of 2 m from it. The eyepiece is rotated relative to the direction of sight to the left by 45 ° (see Fig.Z).

The overall housing 6 of the launcher simulator 1 is a prefabricated housing, which includes the swivel simulator 3 housing, the housing with the A1-17 board and connectors 20, 21 placed in it, the housing inside which the operator’s sight channel 2 is secured, and the cradle housing. In a real launcher, a transport and launch container with a rocket is mounted on the cradle. The general construct of the launcher simulator 1 corresponds to the developed design documentation with the designation GIEF.468362.015.

As blocks 9 display information and 8 control and control in the simulator uses a personal computer (PC). For example, a personal electronic computing machine RAMEK, manufactured by RAMEK joint stock company on the basis of the scientific and production association IMPULSE, St. Petersburg, and corresponding to the RAMEK.PEVM.013 TU technical specifications, can be used. A PC monitor is used as the information display unit 9, a keyboard and a PC system unit are used as the control and control unit 8. As the 485th interface located inside the PC system unit, for example, the PCL-743B board (developed by ADVANTESP, supplier is a trading company Prosoft, Moscow) can be used. For example, a video card with a 3D accelerator that requires an appropriate software level (DIRECT X) for the Windows operating environment can be used as a video card for the PC system unit.

The equipment of the launcher simulator 1 is powered by a voltage of + 5V generated by the PC power supply unit (part of the system unit).

As the head phones 10 of the operator can be used, for example, head phones TA-56M RLO.384.004 TU, manufactured by the factory "Octava, Tula.

A general view of the simulator is shown in FIG.

The simulator for the training of operators of guided weapons is as follows.

After powering up the simulator, an initial testing system is launched, which provides an automated check of the simulator's performance. The test results are issued in the form of protocols on the monitor screen of the information display unit 9. To exit the test mode, the instructor conducting training on the simulator presses one of the keyboard keys of the control and monitoring unit 8. After that, the instructor in the "Training" mode also selects the number of the training task and the conditions for its implementation using the keyboard. Depending on the number of the training task, ranges of presenting goals, speed of movement, type of movement (flank, frontal, along a snake-like trajectory, uniform or accelerated), motion trajectories (whether or not hidden behind the terrain, can be changed), the number of targets (single or group). Additional conditions for the fulfillment of training tasks set by the instructor for a particular student may be, for example, the type of target (tank, infantry fighting vehicle, armored personnel carrier, etc.), the type of terrain (forest-steppe, desert), with the fixation of touching the ground with a rocket when simulating flight with or without it, with or without simulated smoke from a rocket's flame, etc.

In accordance with the chosen training task and the conditions for its implementation, the corresponding visual environment is formed on the monitor of the information displaying unit 9, including a three-dimensional synthesized image of the “location, target, as well as the image of the reticle and marks of the rangefinder scale. The synthesis of a three-dimensional graphic image of targets, local objects of a camouflage type (trees, bushes, stacks, etc.) and "the terrain of the corresponding relief (terrain folds, hills, etc.) is carried out by the PC system unit of the control and control unit 8.

The operator trained through the sighting channel 2 observes in the field of view the generated three-dimensional graphic picture of “the terrain of the corresponding relief with local objects of a masking type, behind which the target can be hidden, against the background of the image of the reticle and the strokes of the rangefinder grid, also formed on the monitor screen of the information display unit 9. In accordance with the algorithm of operation on the complexes “Bassoon,“ Competition (“Competition-M), the trainee starts the start-up mechanism 12. At the same time, the brake device 11 of the VN 4 drive is turned on and a logical“ O signal is generated at the output of the start-up sensor A9-40 through the matching device D3-24 (see Fig. 2) to the input port of the microcontroller D2-23. The force on the flywheel of the VN 4 drive increases (the presence of a “rocket in the transport and launch container located on the launch cradle is simulated). The student, rotating the handwheels of the drives GN 5 and VN 4 (the latter with a certain effort), proceeds to search and detect the target. When the flywheels of the GN and VN drives of the simulator 3 of the launcher swivel simulator 1 are rotated from the sensors A3-35, A4-36 and A7-38, A8-39, respectively (see Fig. 2), digital aiming marking signals are sent through the matching device D3-24 in circuits 11-14 to the input port of the microcontroller D2-23. The microcontroller, processing these signals, transmits codes corresponding to the movement of the background "terrain (aiming marking) along the serial channel formed by the IS D1-22 of the A1-17 board and the PCL-743B board, located inside the NEVM system unit, to the control and control unit 8 . The received codes are processed by the PC system unit, causing a corresponding movement on the screen of the video monitor of the background “terrain together with the target image. It is clear that in the simulator, moving the field of view of the terrain is simulated by moving the background of the terrain together with the goal of a relatively still image of the reticle formed in the ceccular part of the video monitor, with the static (motionless) position of the launcher simulator 1. In this way, a turnaround of a standard launcher of a real weapon complex along with a sighting channel, control equipment and a guide (cradle) with a transport-launch container is simulated when the flywheels of the GP and VP drives rotate (when aiming the mark applied to the sight and aligned with the control equipment on the target )

In order for the microcontroller D2-23 of node 13 of the microcomputer to determine the direction of rotation of the flywheels of the GN and VN drives, each of the guidance channels has two guidance sensors (chains "Command XI," Command X2, "Command U1," Command U2 - see figure 2). It is known that for ATGMs with a semi-automatic guidance system, the main task of the operator is to keep the aiming mark on the target’s contour until the end of the rocket’s flight. Therefore, the operator, observing through the eyepiece of the sighting channel 2 for the visual situation formed in his field of view, detects the target, measures the distance to the target, placing its contour among the corresponding strokes of the rangefinder grid. Manipulating the YOU and GN drives of the swivel simulator 3 with the handwheels, combines the target contour with the reticle. If necessary, moving the rod of the flywheel of the 5 GN drive, changes the horizontal guidance speed (to quickly transfer the field of view when a target is detected, a higher value of the guidance speed is used, and a lower value of the guidance speed can be used to accompany the target after it is detected). The corresponding signal on the circuit “Speed from the guidance speed sensor A5-37 enters through the matching device D3-24 to the input port of the microcontroller D2-23, causing the corresponding code to be transmitted via the serial channel to the PC system unit of the control and monitoring unit 8.

When hovering, an adjustment is made for "vertical downing of the mark (corresponding to" pecking the launcher after the missile descends), that is, the aiming mark is pointed slightly above the target. In the process of aiming the aiming mark on the target, the student adapts to the force applied to the flywheel of the VP 4 drive when there is a rocket on the launcher (rotation of the flywheel is difficult due to the braking device 11 being turned on).

After that, the student gives the command “Start by pressing the trigger of the trigger mechanism 12 simulator launcher 1. At the same time, at the output of the trigger sensor A9-40 (see figure 2), a logical signal“ 1, which is transmitted through the matching device D3-24 to LSI D2-23. The microcontroller 23 reads the start signal and generates the corresponding code, which through the transceiver D1-22 enters the PC system unit of the control and monitoring unit 8. The PC processor of block 8 receives the “rocket launch” signal and generates an acoustic signal of “rocket descent from the guide” at the audio output of the control and monitoring unit. The specified signal enters the head phones of the operators, accustoming the latter to the corresponding effects of the “shot. At the same time, on the information display unit 9, the flight path of the “rocket” is formed, accompanied not only by sound effects, but also by the effects of “knocking down the mark (moving the mark from the target’s contour in two coordinates), dusting the terrain with a gradual restoration of visibility to normal due to a change in the counter 0. ( , 9

eleven

imaging, reducing the size of the simulator of the lamp-headlights of the rocket depending on flight time, simulating smoke from the main engine of the rocket, etc. Also, after the “rocket descent”, the braking device 11 of the BH 4 drive is turned off and the operator, rotating the flywheels of the BH and GN drives of the swivel simulator 3, refines the aiming, compensating for “knocking down of the aiming mark, applying less force to the flywheel of the BH drive and holding the mark on the target’s circuit until the end of the flight time (hitting the target). The results of electronic launches (hit, miss) are displayed on the screen of the video monitor of the information display unit 9.

The formation in the field of view of the target channel of the operator (student) of the synthesized three-dimensional image of the background “terrain of the specified structure compares favorably with the proposed version of the simulator from the prototype. The use of a modern computer in the above configuration and the use of a microcomputer for simulating the swivel simulator for pointing signals from the guidance sensors made it possible to optimize the software, free up the computer time of the central computer of the computer of the control and monitoring unit, simplify the communication interface of the launcher simulator with the control and monitoring unit, and increase the reliability of the communication channel, expand the functional and methodological capabilities of the simulator. For example, the regimes of simulating the movement of targets over rough terrain have become real and visual, when to follow the target, it is necessary to simultaneously give commands to guide the HV and GN drives with the flywheels. The simulator’s operating modes became possible when the operation of the “ideal operator and the repetition of the aiming mark aiming process on the target by the trained operator in real and slow time scales are demonstrated.

It is not clear that the proposed version of the simulator construction, possessing wide functional and methodological capabilities, can significantly improve the quality of the training of operators of the “Competition (“ Competition-M) and “Bassoon.

Currently, the company has made a prototype simulator, which has successfully passed acceptance tests.

Thus, the proposed simulator can be manufactured and used as a technical training tool for operators of guided weapon systems "Competition (" Competition-M) and "Bassoon, which allows us to conclude that the claimed utility model meets the criterion of" industrial applicability.

Claims (1)

A simulator for training operators of guided weapons, comprising a launcher simulator including an operator’s sight channel, a swivel simulator with vertical and horizontal guidance actuators located in the overall launcher simulator housing mounted on a support attached to the operator’s workstation table, blocks connected in series control and monitoring and information display, operator’s head phones connected via the launcher simulator to the audio output of the control unit monitoring and control, as well as the braking device and the starting mechanism, structurally included in the vertical guidance drive, while the optical output of the sighting channel of the launcher simulator is directed to the information display unit, characterized in that the microcomputer unit is additionally included in the launcher simulator from a series-connected matching device, the microcontroller itself, and the level converter of the standard interface, while the output of the standard level converter and the interface, which is the output of the microcomputer node and simultaneously the signal output of the launcher simulator, is connected to the input of the RS-485 interface board of the control and control unit, the power supply output of which is the power input of the launcher simulator, the first and second signal outputs of the swivel simulator, which are the outputs of the vertical drives and horizontal guidance, respectively, connected to the first and second information inputs of the microcomputer node, which are the corresponding information inputs, I agree his device, and inputs the power unit and the simulator microcomputer swivel are respectively feeding the inputs of the matching device, a microcontroller, an interface standard inverter level and drives the horizontal and vertical guidance are connected to the supply input of the simulator launcher.