RU2062709C1 - Vehicle transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automotive industry; front wheel drive passenger cars, light trucks, minitractors. SUBSTANCE: freely fitted on differential housing are two gears engaging with two of three gears fitted for sliding on gearbox drive shaft. Three gears are rigidly fixed on gearbox mainshaft, two of them are in meshing with drive shaft gears and third one, through independent reverse gear, can be engaged with gear secured on gearshift sleeve located on drive shaft hub. EFFECT: enhanced performance characteristics. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to transport engineering, to the transmission of transport vehicles.

 Known transmissions of vehicles, consisting of a gearbox, final drive and cross-axle differential, made in one housing, containing gears, shafts, bearings, gear shifting devices used in domestic and foreign cars. (Automobile: Design Basics. / Vishnyakov et al. M. Mechanical Engineering, 1986. 304 p.).

 These transmissions have significant dimensions and metal consumption at low efficiency.

 Closest to the proposed vehicle transmission is a transmission made in one housing, consisting of a four-stage two-shaft gearbox (KP), a single cylindrical final drive (GP) and a cross-axle differential (see also Fig. 103, p. 135).

 The transmission consists of a two-shaft gearbox containing 11 external gears, of which 5 gears are rigidly fixed on the input shaft, 4 of them are engaged with gears freely mounted on the secondary shaft, two synchronizers are located between these gears, the rear gear is fixed on the clutch of one of the synchronizers stroke, the movable reverse gear is located on a separate axis (not shown in the figure), at the output of the secondary shaft the drive pinion of the GP is fixed, engaged with the driven wheel mounted on the differential case Ala.

 Such a vehicle’s transmission has significant dimensions, because it contains 6 rows of gears, the metal consumption of 13 gears in the gearbox and power pack, does not have a direct transmission with high efficiency.

 The aim of the invention is to reduce its metal consumption and dimensions while increasing efficiency.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that on the differential case two gears are freely mounted, engaged with gears also freely mounted on the input shaft of the gearbox, interconnected shift clutches are located between these gears, a third gear is also freely installed on the input shaft, between this gear and the middle gear on the hub of the input shaft there is a shift clutch on which the reverse gear is fixed, the last two, freely installed, the gears are engaged with the gears, w firmly fixed to the second shaft of the gearbox, the reverse gear is also rigidly fixed to this shaft.

 In FIG. 1 shows a transmission diagram of a vehicle, consisting of a two-shaft gearbox, two-row GP and differential, made in one housing.

 Figure 2 shows the radiation diagram of the transmission. Rays indicate the gear ratio; the better the beam, the greater the gear ratio. The table shows the positions of the shift clutches in various gears in the transmission. In the bearings of the housing 1 is located the primary shaft 2 of the gearbox, on which gears 3-5 are freely mounted. Gears 4 and 5 are engaged with gears 6 and 7, mounted on the second shaft 8 of the gearbox. Gears 3 and 4 are engaged with gears 9 and 10, freely mounted on the differential housing 11. On the axis 12 (crosspiece) of the differential, satellites 13 are mounted engaged with gears 14 and 15 mounted on the gears 16 and 17. Between gears 3, 4 and Interconnected clutches A are located in Figures 9 and 10. Clutch B is mounted on the hub of the input shaft 2 between gears 4 and 5. Reverse gear 18 is attached to clutch B. The separate reverse gear 19 is aligned with clutch C and is located on the axis. The reverse gear 20 is mounted on the second gearbox shaft 8 opposite the gear 18 with the neutral position of clutch A.

The operation of the transmission is as follows:
1st gear
Clutch A in the right position, and couplings B and C in the left (see table).

 Torque (see Fig. 1) from the input shaft 2 through clutch B enters the gear 5, then to gear 7, the shaft 8, gears 6 and 4, along the first clutch A to gear 3, then to gear 9 and the second clutch A to the differential housing 11. From the axis 12 and the satellites 13, the moment is divided into two streams: one stream from the gear 14 is transmitted to the half shaft 17, the other stream from the gear 15 to the half shaft 16.

 In the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by a ray 5-7, coming out of t.0 and directed right up, then a ray 6-4 and a ray 3-9, directed right down to t. 1 on the axis of the gear ratio logarithm. The lower scale shows the gear ratio.

2nd gear
Switch clutch A to the left position (see table), all couplings are in the left position.

 Up to gear 4, the moment is transmitted both in 1st gear (see Fig. 1), then to gear 10 and further as in the previous gear.

 In the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by three beams: 5-7 and 6-4, as in the previous transmission, and a beam of 4-10 to t.2 on the axis of the gear ratio logarithm (see figure 2).

3rd gear
We switch couplings A and B to the right position (see table).

 From the input shaft 2, the moment is transmitted to the main transmission via gears 3-9, bypassing the gearbox.

 On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by a single beam 3-9 from t. 0 to t. 3.

4th gear
Switch clutch A to the left position (see table).

 The main gear also arrives, bypassing the gearbox, but in a pair of gears 4-10.

 On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by a 4-10 beam from t. 0 to t. 4.

Reverse gear 1
Clutches A and C are in the right position and clutch B is in the neutral position (see table).

 From the input shaft 2, the moment is transmitted by three gears 18-19-20 to the second gearbox shaft 8 and from it as in the 1st forward gear (see figure 1).

 In the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by a beam 18-19-20, coming out of t. 0 and directed right up, then a beam 6-4, directed right down, then a beam 3-9, directed right up to t. 1 on the axis of the transfer logarithm reverse numbers (see Fig. 2).

Reverse gear 2
Switch clutch A to the left position (see table).

 To gear 4, the moment is transmitted as in the previous gear, then through a pair of gears 4-10 (see Fig. 1).

 On the beam diagram, this transmission differs from the previous one by the last beam 4-10, directed to t. 2. The economic effect is expressed in the reduction of the metal consumption of the transmission, because uses only 10 gears instead of 13, the dimensions are also reduced, because instead of 6 rows of gears, 4 rows are enough, while the two highest, most often used, gears are characterized by high efficiency due to the transmission of torque directly, bypassing the gearbox.

Claims (1)

 A vehicle transmission comprising a two-shaft four-speed gearbox with gears, a primary shaft and shift clutches freely mounted on the primary shaft, combined in one housing with a cylindrical final drive and differential, the reverse gear being located on a separate axis, characterized in that on the differential case two gears are freely mounted, engaged with gears freely mounted on the input shaft of the gearbox; between these gears are located interconnected shift clutches, between the third gear freely mounted on the input shaft and the middle gear, on the hub of the input shaft there is a shift clutch on which the reverse gear is mounted, the last two freely mounted gears being engaged with gears rigidly mounted on the transmission secondary shaft on which the reverse gear is rigidly fixed.

Images