RU205428U1 - PARACHUTE PLATFORM - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of airborne technology. The inventive parachute platform is designed for the delivery of equipment, supply and special cargo to the ground (water surface) by parachute landing from aircraft (AC) ramp or beam configurations. The declared parachute platform can be used as a means of transporting equipment and cargo on the external sling of an aircraft. The parachute platform consists of the upper and lower bases, longitudinal and transverse power parts, an air cushioning system shell to mitigate the impact upon landing, a harness, mooring means for the dropped cargo, as well as load-bearing frames of the component parts. In this case, the mentioned parts of each component have structural holes, cutouts, assembly grooves and protrusions intended for connection with another part into a single three-dimensional structure fastened with fasteners selected from the group including bolts, nuts, washers, screws, pins and grovers, and the mooring means include mooring straps. A distinctive feature of the inventive parachute platform, manufactured using this technology, is the method of joining relatively flat parts in such a way that any part of the power frame of each component has structural holes, cutouts, assembly grooves and protrusions intended for connection with another part, forming a strong and stable to increased loads three-dimensional structure with its minimum weight. The principle of modular organization of the power frames of the constituent parts of the claimed design eliminates the previously existing shortcomings of the parachute platforms existing in operation. 8 p.p. f-ly, 7 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of airborne technology. From the "Level of Technology" at present in Russia is known a list of parachute platforms and parachute-cargo systems (ASG), used for the landing of cargo weighing from 500 to 15000 kg from transport aircraft.

The following designs of such systems are known:

- cargo systems of the PGS type (PGS-500, PGS-1000, PGS-1500);

- parachute platforms such as P-7 and P-16, used in conjunction with multi-dome parachute systems (ISS).

Parachute platforms and ASGs are designed for airborne cargoes weighing 500 ÷ 1500 kg from ramp-type transport aircraft. The lower bases of the ASG or parachute platforms allow them to be placed on a conveyor or special floor equipment installed in the cargo compartment of the aircraft. A conveyor or special floor equipment is designed to direct the movement of platforms along this equipment when loading into an aircraft and dropping cargo.

The ASG platform, as a rule, is made of plywood 10 ÷ 12 mm, is a disposable item, is disposed of after landing, and the standard parachute system can be reused after restoration and laying.

The disadvantages of existing systems such as PGS are:

- limited dimensions of the mooring platform for ASG;

- limited opportunities for landing equipment (motorized towing vehicles, ATVs, snowmobiles, hydro scooters, tracked transporters, etc.);

- the lack of the possibility of landing oversized cargo without special preparation of the mooring platform for ASG;

- the absence of hinged panels to ensure the stability of the ASG upon landing and to prevent overturning of the dropped equipment and cargo.

Parachute platforms of the P-7 and P-16 type with the ISS are used for the landing of equipment and cargo with a flight weight in the range of 3700 ÷ 9500 kg and 12000 ÷ 21000 kg, respectively, from transport aircraft with a ramp layout. Parachute platforms of the P-7 and P-16 types are installed in the aircraft on the airborne transport equipment and are dropped using the exhaust parachute systems.

The main disadvantages of landing equipment and cargo on such parachute platforms are:

- significant mass of the ISS, platform and mooring facilities (20 ÷ 35% of the weight of the landing payload);

- the lack of the possibility of landing small (up to 1500 kg) cargo due to the design limitations of the platforms;

- the high cost of parachute platforms due to their technological features and the cost of production operations;

- the need to attract special equipment for the evacuation of such parachute platforms from the landing sites due to the reusability inherent in the design (5 applications - a guaranteed resource and 5 ÷ 15 applications - a technical resource).

In addition, from the "prior art" known parachute platform, containing a single load-bearing frame, including tie-down nodes, closing transverse and longitudinal beams, flooring, impact mitigation and means for fixing the dropped cargo. A single load-bearing frame of such a platform contains longitudinal guide profiles made in the form of load-bearing beams with elements of tie-down units at the ends, on which interconnected transverse elements are installed, made in the form of power beams with matching paired bushings, with lateral guide profiles with tie-down units on free ends and with elements of connection nodes. Composite longitudinal elements are installed on the side guide profiles, each of which is made in the form of a load-bearing beam with elements of tie-down units at the free ends, with elements of connection nodes and counter sleeves, while the elements of tie-down units at the free ends of longitudinal guide profiles, longitudinal and transverse elements are connected with the reciprocating elements of the tie joints of the closing transverse and longitudinal beams forms a single load-bearing frame. In this case, longitudinal guide profiles, composite longitudinal and transverse elements, mating paired bushings and mating bushings are made with the possibility of their mutual displacement, in addition, flooring, longitudinal guide profiles, side guide profiles, mating paired bushings, mating bushings, longitudinal and transverse elements, the closing longitudinal and transverse beams are made of composite material. Additionally, in the specified platform, the tie-down units are made in the form of a threaded connection, the tie-down unit elements contain flanges, the tie-down unit elements provide the possibility of connection by means of a flange connection of transverse and longitudinal elements on the guide profiles and on the side guide profiles. The closing transverse and longitudinal beams are made in the form of a channel profile, either in the form of an I-profile, or in the form of a Z-shaped profile (see RF patent No. 2619482, class IPC B64D 1/10, publ. 16.05.2017).

The disadvantages of the known device are as follows: it is impossible to use it in an ASG for landing small-sized equipment and cargo due to the complexity of the platform design; insufficient manufacturability of the platform in production; high price.

In addition, a platform is known from the "prior art" as a cargo pallet of a new shape, which can withstand a large weight load. The connection between each element of the cargo pallet is stable due to the fact that the load-bearing members of the pallet are placed between the upper and lower three-layer honeycomb panels made using synthetic resin, multiple honeycomb cells, upper and lower plates. The pallet consists of a plurality of base plates, which have holes for the installation of lifting forks, including a forklift and other lifting devices (see patent KR 100863574 B1, publ. 15.10.2008).

The disadvantages of the known device lie in the fact that it does not have the ability to be used for parachute dropping of loads. The device lacks: a harness, mooring equipment and cargo, shock absorption system upon landing.

In addition, from the "prior art" known parachute platform containing two longitudinal beams, two lateral cross beams, at least two panels, a soft landing system in the form of, and at least one damping cushion module. Air cushion modules are installed on the underside of the platform. Parallel roller tables are located below at least one airbag module when the module is in stowed mode and facilitate rolling of the platform over the aircraft. The platform and payload are retrieved from the aircraft using a pilot chute. The platform mechanisms are automatically activated upon exiting the aircraft to release the airbag module in deployed mode prior to impact. The deployed airbag module can be repackaged in non-deployed mode for later use.

The specified beams are connected to the specified panels with the possibility of installation on a roller conveyor in the fuselage of an aircraft for airborne cargo (see patent US20150069185 A1, publ. 03/12/2015).

The disadvantages of the known device also lie in the fact that it does not provide sufficient manufacturability in its manufacture, assembly and operation.

In addition, from the "prior art" known parachute platform frame structure for dropping cargo from transport aircraft, containing a flat base to accommodate the payload, at least one pair of inflatable shells of the damping system installed under the base and capable of inflating during descent. Variants of a real parachute platform can provide an increased impact area and, therefore, greater protection of the platform frame, as well as a lower risk of damage to the platform or the payload on it, especially when descending in prevailing crosswind conditions (see patent WO 2004041642 A1, class IPC B64D 1/14; (IPC1-7): B64D 1/14, publ. 05/21/2004).

The disadvantages of the known device are as follows: the lack of hinged panels to ensure the stability of the platform and prevent it from overturning when landing by increasing the area of contact of the platform with the surface; the absence of additional air shells of the damping system, allowing you to vary the configuration of the damping system depending on the conditions of the landing and the nature of the cargo being dropped; lack of sufficient structural rigidity of the platform.

The objective of this utility model is to eliminate all of the above disadvantages.

The principle of modular organization of the power frame of the claimed design eliminates the previously listed disadvantages of parachute platforms and ASGs existing in operation. The inventive design makes it possible to apply this principle in the design of parachute platforms of various dimensions and for various purposes and to use these technological methods in the production of both ASG platforms and in the creation of large platforms.

The claimed parachute platform as a device has the following design features:

- method of joining parts;

- assembly of the central section of the parachute platform and folding panels is carried out using a single technology;

- the connection of relatively flat parts of each power frame forms a three-dimensional structure, and their fastening is carried out using fasteners selected from the group including bolts, nuts, washers, screws, studs and grovers;

- any power frame can be assembled without a special tool; during operation, a general-purpose tool is used;

- it is illogical to divide individual parts of the power frame into smaller parts.

Thus, using this technology, the result is achieved in the form of the possibility of batch cutting and cutting of platform parts during the manufacturing process, an increase in the operational manufacturability of parachute platforms and ASGs, and an improvement in the economic indicators of production is achieved.

The essence of the present invention is illustrated by the following illustrations:

FIG. 1 shows a general view of the parachute platform loaded with equipment;

FIG. 2 shows the principle of sheet cutting of parts of the central section of the parachute platform;

FIG. 3 shows the principle of sheet cutting of parts of the folding panels of the parachute platform;

FIG. 4 shows the principle and procedure for assembling the parachute platform;

FIG. 5 displays the design features of the parachute platform;

FIG. 6 shows the features of the placement of the parachute platform on the airborne transport equipment of the aircraft;

FIG. 7 depicts the principle of the organization of the shells of the air cushioning system.

The claimed parachute platform (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) consists of:

- the upper base of the central section 3;

- the lower base of the central section 4;

- longitudinal parts of the load-bearing frame of the central section 14;

- transverse parts of the load-bearing frame of the central section 13;

- folding panels assembled 5;

- overlays 6;

- air damping systems 7;

- mooring means 8, 9, 10, 11, 27;

- suspension system 12.

The hinged panels, in turn, are made unified, each of which (see Fig. 3) consists of:

- the upper base of the hinged panel 38;

- the lower base of the hinged panel 37;

- longitudinal parts of the load-bearing frame of the folding panels 14a and 40;

- transverse parts of the load-bearing frame of the hinged panels 13a.

The longitudinal (14, 14a, 40) and transverse (13, 13a) parts of the load-bearing frames, the upper (3, 38) and lower (4, 37) bases, depending on the nature of the cargo to be dropped and the airborne transport equipment used, the aircraft can be made of various sheet construction materials: metal, plywood, polymer and composite.

The use of sheet materials allows the use of batch cutting and cutting technologies during manufacturing (see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3), which reduces the time of the production process, reduces production costs, and, as a consequence, the cost of the product. Batch cutting and cutting using numerically controlled machines allows you to provide the necessary for assembly:

- structural holes 15, 25, 25a, 31.32 and cutouts 16,17,18, 35, 36;

- technological holes 21, 22, 24, 26, 34, 39;

- assembly grooves 19, 19a, 20, 20a, 23, 23a, 28, 28a, 33, 33a and projections 29, 29a, 30, 30a.

The strength of the specified structure is set:

- the construction height of the longitudinal 14 and transverse 13 (see Fig. 2) parts of the load-bearing frame of the central section of the parachute platform, as well as the construction height of the longitudinal 14a and transverse 13a (see Fig. 3) parts of the load-bearing frame of the folding panels;

- the use of glued or inserted fillers in the load-bearing frame, such as honeycomb, foam or foam.

When assembling the upper 3 and lower bases 4, as well as the longitudinal 14 and transverse 13 parts of the load-bearing frame of the central section of the parachute platform, a method of connecting parts is used (see Fig. 4, positions a, 6 and c) in which each said part has structural holes, cutouts, assembly grooves and protrusions designed to connect with another part into a single three-dimensional structure.

Likewise, the platform hinged panels are assembled (see Fig. 4, positions d and e), using the upper 38 and lower bases 37, longitudinal 14a and 40, as well as transverse 13a parts of the load-bearing frame of the hinged panels.

The connection of the central section and hinged panels (see Fig. 4, position e) is carried out through the structural holes 25 and 25a in the transverse strength parts on both longitudinal sides of the parachute platform by means of metal rods 41 (see Fig. 5), which are rotary axes when the folding panels come into operation after the platform leaves the aircraft.

Thus, after the final assembly of the parachute platform, a rigid three-dimensional structure is formed.

The central section of the parachute platform is designed for:

- placing on it equipment 1 (see Fig. 1) and cargo;

- fastening of mooring means;

- fastening of folding panels 5;

- fastening half-rings 46 (see Fig. 7) and placing part of the shells 47 of the air cushioning system 7;

- the perception of loads from the harness 12 when opening the parachute system 2 (see Fig. 1) or transporting goods on the external sling of the aircraft;

- perception of some of the loads when the platform moves along the aircraft;

- perception of the main loads when landing equipment 1 (see Fig. 7) and load.

The upper and lower bases are connected to each other:

- on platforms of the PGS type - with belts or polymer tapes;

- on platforms for heavy equipment and loads - fasteners selected from the group consisting of bolts, nuts, washers, screws, studs and grovers.

Mooring means (see Fig. 1) are intended for fastening the entire range of the dropped cargo on the platform.

Depending on the nature of the cargo to be dropped and the tasks to be performed, various combinations of the use of mooring means can be used.

To evenly distribute the overload components and reduce its values when landing equipment, between the upper base and the dropped equipment 1 (see Fig. 1), foam and honeycomb supports 8 can be located, which are part of the set of mooring means.

The set of mooring equipment includes:

- mooring belts 10;

- foam and cellular supports 8;

- assembly site 27;

- mooring frames 9 and 11;

- mooring ropes and chains;

- locking locks;

- spacer gaskets;

- eye bolts;

- bolts, nuts, washers, screws, studs, grovers.

Hinged panels 5 are designed for:

- movement of the platform along the aircraft landing equipment and exit from the aircraft (see Fig. 6) through the contact of the lower base 37 with guide profiles 42 and roller tracks 43 located on the floor 44 of the aircraft cargo compartment;

- fastening the half-rings 45 of the shells 47 (see Fig. 7) and placing a part of the shells of the air damping system 7;

- fastening pads 6 for the movement of the platform on the roller tables of the airborne transport equipment of the aircraft;

- increasing the stability of the platform during landing by increasing the contact area with the landing surface;

- prevention of overturning of the parachute platform with equipment 1 or a load when landing with increased lateral drift due to the influence of the wind;

- perception of the main loads during the movement of the platform on the airborne transport equipment of the aircraft;

- the perception of a part of the shock loads when landing equipment 1 (see Fig. 7) and the load.

Technological cutouts 35 are made on the lower base 37 of the hinged panels (see Fig. 7), designed for setting the parachute platform on the locks of the airborne transport equipment of the aircraft, ensuring the fixation of the platform during flight and ensuring the removal of the platform from fixation at the time of release.

When the hinged panels come into operation after the platform leaves the aircraft, the locking of the panels in the unfolded state is provided by the fixation system. The design of the locking system of the hinged panels is the subject of another utility model and is not discussed in this description.

Air damping system 7 (see Fig. 7) is designed to reduce shock loads when landing equipment 1 and cargo.

The air cushioning system 7 consists of a group of shells 47 (see Fig. 7) filled with atmospheric air after the parachute system is deployed with a steady descent of the platform. Geometrically, each shell is a cylinder. The main feature of the shells under consideration is the use of fabric or polymer mono-sleeves in their construction. Unlike those sewn from the cutting material, the real casings 47 made of mono-sleeve fabric significantly reduce the occurrence of concentrated loads on the walls of the casings from the increase in air pressure inside the casings 47 at the time of the platform landing.

The shells 47 of the air cushioning system 7 are filled with atmospheric air through holes 51 (see Fig. 7) in the lower bases 48 under the influence of gravitational forces on the weighting agents 49 mounted on the lower bases 48. The height of the shell breaking is set by the travel stops 50. As travel stops for casings, textile or polymer materials are used.

Another distinctive feature of the considered shells of the air cushioning system is their original attachment to the parachute platform.

Each of the shells 47 (see Fig. 7) is located with one half of the upper base directly under the central section of the parachute platform, and the other half under the corresponding hinged panel. This is achieved by the fact that the upper part of the mono sleeve of the shell is fixed on two half rings 45 and 46. One half ring 46 with a part of the shell 47 is attached through the technological holes 22 to the central section of the parachute platform, and the second half ring 45 with the other part of the shell 47 is attached through the technological holes 22 to hinged panel. This scheme of using half-rings allows folding the folding panels to the central section of the platform and at the same time allows placing the entire stacking volume of the shells 47 of the air cushioning system 7 into the formed cavities 52 (see Fig. 6).

The geometrical dimensions of the shells 47 and their number depend on the mass of the cargo being dropped, the preset values of the overloads and the rate of increase of these overloads.

Suspension system 12 is designed for:

- connection of the platform with the parachute system 2 (see Fig. 1) during parachute landing;

- connecting the platform with the external suspension of the aircraft when transporting goods on the external suspension.

Claims (9)

1. A parachute platform, the component parts of which have upper and lower bases, longitudinal and transverse load-bearing parts, shells of the air cushioning system to mitigate the impact upon landing, a harness, means for mooring the dropped cargo and containing the load-bearing frames of the component parts, characterized in that the said parts each component has structural holes, cutouts, assembly slots and protrusions designed to be connected to another part into a single three-dimensional structure, fastened with fasteners selected from the group consisting of bolts, nuts, washers, screws, pins and grovers, and the mooring means include mooring belts. 2. The parachute platform according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with drop-down hinged panels. 3. The parachute platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the air cushioning system includes air shells in the form of cylinders, made with the possibility of filling with atmospheric air and made of a mono-sleeve fabric or polymer fabric without the use of seams and additional linings. 4. The parachute platform according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the shells of the air cushioning system is located with one half directly under a part of the central section, and the other half under the corresponding part of the hinged panel. 5. The parachute platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal and transverse parts of the load-bearing frames of the central section and folding panels are made by cutting and cutting sheet material. 6. A parachute platform according to claim 5, characterized in that said parts are made of sheet metal. 7. A parachute platform according to claim 5, characterized in that said parts are made of sheet plywood. 8. The parachute platform according to claim 5, characterized in that said parts are made of sheet composite material. 9. A parachute platform according to claim 5, characterized in that said parts are made of sheet polymeric material.

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