RU2677803C1 - Complex for placing and dropping cargoes from aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the placement and landing of goods. Complex for placing and dropping cargo from an aircraft includes pallets for placing loads on them, made in the form of metal platforms (1). Platforms (1) are placed on roller tracks and installed in the cargo compartment. Each platform is equipped with shell (2), fastener links (3) for fastening the shell around platform perimeter (1), clearing links (4), tightening cords (5), brake links (7). Brake links (7) are equipped with cushions (8) for fastening them in lugs (9) of metal platform (1). Fastener links (3) are made with the possibility of detaching shell (2) from metal platform (1).EFFECT: invention simplifies the design, improves reliability and service life.3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to aircraft, in particular to equipment for the placement and landing of cargo from an aircraft.

The prior art device for placing and landing loads from an aircraft contains pallets for placing goods on them, detachable devices for securing pallets on an aircraft and detachable devices for securing goods on pallets. There is a means to secure the pallet in front of the landing position. Each device for securing cargo on a pallet is made in the form of a grid connected to an aircraft and a pallet (patent RU No. 2093424, B64D 1/08, 10/20/1997).

The disadvantages of this device are the complexity of the structural implementation of the means of securing the stacking of goods on pallets, the possibility of dropping individual bags of cargo from stacking in front of the drive pallets, which may prevent the dumping of goods from subsequent pallets; the difficulty of fixing pallets in front of the landing position.

The closest in technical essence is a device (complex) for placing and landing cargo from an aircraft (RF patent No. 2304547, B64D 1/08, 07/27/2006 - prototype), including pallets for laying goods on them, which are placed on roller tracks and installed in the cargo compartment with the ability to move under the action of the horizontal component of gravity and / or inertial force along the longitudinal axis of the aircraft. The device is also equipped with a means of increasing the volume of the capacity of the pallets storage device, a means for fixing the pallets in front of the landing position in the form of an elastic flexible single thrust placed along the longitudinal axis of the aircraft. The junction of one end of the specified thrust is located in front of the cargo compartment, and the other after bending the thrust in front of the landing position, in the rear of the cargo compartment. For connection with pallets, freely moving rings are placed on the link.

The disadvantages of the known solutions are the complex design of the elements of the device, lack of reliability and service life.

The technical result of the claimed invention is the simplification of the structural elements of the complex, as well as improving the reliability and durability of its operation.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the complex (device) for placing and landing cargo from the aircraft, including pallets for placing goods on them, which are placed on roller tracks and installed in the cargo compartment with the ability to move under the action of the horizontal component of gravity and / or inertial force along the longitudinal axis of the aircraft, the device for fixing pallets from longitudinal movement, according to the invention contains four pallets, made In the form of metal platforms, each of which is equipped with a shell, fastening links for securing the shell around the perimeter of the metal platform, stripping links, tightening cords for fixing on the shell, shock absorbers for fixing or compressing the shell, brake links for braking and holding the metal platform on the edge of the ramp of the cargo hatch at the time of cargo landing, while the brake links are equipped with thimbles for securing them in the eyes of a metal platform, and the mounting links are ying detachably shell from the metal platform.

Each metal platform is made detachable and consists of two sections interconnected by studs.

A complex for placing and landing cargo from an aircraft may contain from two to four metal platforms.

The claimed complex is intended for parachute-free landing of bulk cargoes packed in standard three-layer polypropylene bags from an IL-76 airplane of modifications T or TD equipped with roller conveyor equipment.

In an aircraft (airplane), each metal platform (civilian cargo discharge platform - PSGG) is located at a specific location in the cargo compartment. To fix pallets (metal platforms) from longitudinal movement during flight, the complex is equipped with devices - locks and stops. Each metal platform is prevented from moving along the longitudinal axis of the aircraft by means of two locks (left and right) equipped with stops. To prevent the movement of metal platforms in the direction of the cockpit, each platform is equipped with stops that are attached to the mooring nodes of the floor of the cargo compartment of the aircraft. Two stops of the rear section of the metal platform are introduced into the lock stops. The operation of the lock occurs when the limiter is rotated 90 °.

After installation in an airplane, each metal platform is secured with a mooring cover designed to fix the metal platform in the cargo compartment from the moment it is installed in the aircraft until preparation for dropping the cargo, as well as in the case of an airplane landing with unloaded cargo. The unfolded mooring cover is a cross-shaped cloth made of kapron fabric with a longitudinal and transverse frame made of kapron ribbons forming ten thimbles for connecting the mooring chains of the aircraft through adapters.

The metal platform is a riveted metal structure of a rectangular shape from an aluminum profile. The weight of each platform does not exceed 160 kg. The metal platform can be loaded with bags with bulk cargo weighing up to 50 kg.

The shell is made with the possibility of its disclosure on a metal platform from the cargo side of the aircraft at the time of dropping the cargo. A shell with a laid load on a metal platform is a spatial figure, similar in shape to a truncated pyramid. The shell is made of nylon fabric and reinforced with longitudinal and transverse frame ribbons.

The presented technical solution is illustrated by the following graphic materials:

in FIG. 1 shows a view of a metal platform with a shell fixed to it;

in FIG. 2 is a view I of FIG. 1 enlarged view;

in FIG. 3 is a view II of FIG. 1 enlarged view;

in FIG. 4 shows a view of a metal platform without a shell.

The complex for placing and landing cargo from an aircraft includes pallets made in the form of metal platforms 1 (Fig. 1) for laying goods on them, which are placed on roller tracks (not shown in the drawings) and installed in the cargo compartment with the possibility of movement under the action the horizontal component of gravity and / or inertial force along the longitudinal axis of the aircraft. Each platform 1 is provided with a casing 2, fastening links 3 for securing the casing around the perimeter of the platform 1, stripping links 4, tightening cords 5 for attaching to the casing 2, shock absorbers 6 (rubber) to fix or compress the casing 2, brake links 7 for braking and holding platforms 1 on the edge of the ramp of the cargo hatch at the time of cargo landing, while the brake links 7 are equipped with jacks 8 for fixing them in the eyes 9 of the platform 1, and the fastening links 3 are made with the possibility of disconnecting the shell 2 from the pl tformy 1.

Each platform 1 (Fig. 2) is made in a rectangular shape and is a riveted metal structure made of aluminum profile. The upper surface 10 of the platform 1 is sheathed with aluminum sheet. The platform 1 is detachable and consists of two sections - the front 11 and rear 12 (at the exit of the load of the aircraft), interconnected by pins 13. Both sections 11 and 12 of the platform 1 are mounted on two longitudinal skis 14, providing the movement of the platform 1 along the roller track the plane. Sections 11, 12 are attached to each other by pins 13. Skis 14 are attached to sections 11, 12 by pins 15. Central units 16 with sliders 17 are installed on the front 11 and rear 12 sections of platform 1 to guide the platform 1 along the monorail and keep it from moving in vertical direction.

The fixation of the platform 1 from longitudinal movement during flight is provided by special restraining devices - locks and stops (not shown in the drawings). Stops for fixing the platform 1 in the locks on the floor of the cargo compartment of the aircraft are installed on the rear section 12 of the platform 1 from its lower side.

Shell 2 when attached to the platform 1 forms the front, top and side panels. For mounting the shell 2 around the perimeter of the platform 1 there are corresponding windows 18 and brackets 19.

The brake links 7 (left and right) are designed to hold the sliding platform 1 on the edge of the cargo hatch ramp and are laid in a zigzag fashion on the lateral parts (panels) of the shell 2. Each brake link 7 is made of kapron tape enclosed in a cover and has 8 thimbles at the ends .

To connect the tightening cord 5 of the sheath 2 with the brake link tape 7, there are loops 20. The brake links 7 (Fig. 1) are attached at one end (on the loop side 20) in the eye 9 of the platform 1, and the other end through the bracket 21 on the mooring unit of the cargo floor cockpit

Stripping link 4 (Fig. 1) consists of three tapes, at the ends of which stud-checks are sewn (not shown in the drawings). The tapes are assembled in a loop for connecting the stripping link 4 to the loop 22 of the brake link 7. Each pin-pin has a fixed lock in the form of a ring of elastic tape.

By means of stripping links 4 fixed to the shell 2, a part of the shell 2 (front panel) facing the edge of the load is separated from the side parts (panels) of the shell 2 along the ribs (not shown in the drawings).

The cord 23 is designed to tie the loops 20, 22 of the brake links 7 to the corresponding loops on the shell 2, as well as attaching the brake links 7 on the side panels of the shell 2.

The fastening links 3 (two front, two lateral and one back) are made of nylon tape, hold the shell 2 around the perimeter and allow you to quickly disconnect the shell 2 from the platform 3. The fastening links 3 are designed to fasten the loops 20, 22 of the lower edge of the shell 1 with hairpin-checks (not shown in the drawings) in the brackets 19 of the platform 1 and the quick disconnection of the shell 2 from the platform 1 during dismantling after dropping the load.

Shock absorbers 6 are made of a knapsack cord. Part of the shock absorbers 6 (longitudinal) is designed to fix the raised front panel of the shell 2, other shock absorbers 6 (longitudinal and transverse) serve to compress the shell 2 after the exit of the bags with the load. At one end, the shock absorber 6 is fixed with a noose assembly in the corresponding loop on the shell 2, with the other end using a carabiner it is fixed in the reciprocal loop on the lower edge of the shell 2.

By means of tightening cords 5 and rubber shock absorbers 6, a part of the casing 2 (front panel) rises, opening the way for cargo bags.

The complex for placing and landing cargo from an aircraft is used as follows (shown on the example of four metal platforms 1).

Before dropping, the first metal platform is freed from the mooring cover, which, together with the adapters, fits into a special box for mounting parts installed in front of the cargo compartment. Two front fastening links 3 are removed, securing the lower edge of the front panel of the shell 2 on the mounting nodes of the platform 1.

When the aircraft performs the “ALTITUDE HEIGHT” maneuver at the command of the navigator, two operators simultaneously move the locks to the “OPEN” position.

The stops are released, and platform 1, due to the pitch of the aircraft, begins to accelerate along the roller track to the edge of the cargo hatch ramp of the aircraft. The brake links 7 are subsequently pulled out and at some point the pulling links 4 are pulled off. In this case, the front panel is disconnected from the side panels of the shell 2 along the ribs, except for the lowest point of the rib (at the lower edge). With further pulling of the brake links 7, the tightening cords 5 are triggered, which strike the lower attachment points of the ribs and raise the front panel of the shell 2 to the level of the upper panel of the shell 2, opening the outlet for bags with cargo.

At the moment when the front edge of the platform 1 reaches the edge of the ramp of the cargo hatch of the aircraft, it is restrained from further movement by fully extended brake links 7. The load bags slide under the action of inertia and dead weight on the smooth surface of the platform 1 to the edge of the ramp and pass into the opening cargo hatch, while platform 1 remains in the cargo compartment. As the bags exit, the shell 2 is compressed in the longitudinal and transverse directions with the help of rubber shock absorbers 6, which excludes filling it with air currents and falling outside the platform 1.

After dropping the load, the platform 1 is manually tightened by the brake links 7 into the cargo compartment. The brake links 7 are disconnected from the mooring units of the aircraft and from the eyes 9 on the platform 1. Using the fastening links 3 (side and rear), loops 20, 22 of the lower edge of the shell 2 are cut and the shell 2 is disconnected from the platform 1 along the perimeter. Then the platform 1 is disconnected into two sections 11, 12 and skis 14. Each section 11, 12 of the platform 1 is fixed on board (left and right) of the cargo compartment of the aircraft using the provided special mooring belts as part of the complex. Skis 14 are evacuated to the front of the cargo compartment, laid on the floor and secured with mooring belts from the standard equipment of the aircraft. Shell 2 and brake links 3 are stacked in a box for mounting parts.

Similarly, the second, third and fourth platforms 1 are dropped. The fourth platform 1, after dropping the cargo, is not dismantled or evacuated.

Claims (3)

1. A complex for placing and landing cargo from an aircraft, including pallets for placing goods on them, which are placed on roller tracks and installed in the cargo compartment with the ability to move under the action of the horizontal component of gravity and / or inertial force along the longitudinal axis of the aircraft, devices for fixing pallets from longitudinal movement, characterized in that the pallets are made in the form of metal platforms, each of which is provided with a shell, fastening links I for securing the shell around the perimeter of the metal platform, stripping links, pulling cords to fix on the shell, shock absorbers for fixing or compressing the shell, brake links for braking and holding the metal platform on the edge of the cargo hatch ramp at the time of cargo landing, while the brake links are equipped with thimbles for their fastening in the eyes of a metal platform, and the mounting links are made with the possibility of detaching the shell from the metal platform. 2. A complex for placing and landing cargo from an aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that each metal platform is detachable and consists of two sections interconnected by pins. 3. The complex for the placement and landing of cargo from an aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains from two to four metal platforms.

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