RU2043430C1 - Part galvanochemical treating module free of discharge - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: galvanic equipment. SUBSTANCE: module has galvanochemical treatment bath with overflow pipe, first rinse bath with jet forming members, second rinse bath with running water provided with overflow pipe, dilute electrolyte collector, contaminated rinse water collector, electrolyte fraction concentration and separation unit, rinse water deep filter, three pumps and pipeline system. Module is improved by introducing desalted noncontaminated water collector. First rinse bath is provided with discharge pipeline, which is connected with dilute electrolyte collector and contaminated rinse water collector through normally open actuating mechanism. Second output of electrolyte fraction concentration and separation unit with noncontaminated desalted water collector. Output of rinse water deep-cleaning filter is connected with second rinse bath. First output of electrolyte fraction concentration and separation unit is connected with dilute electrolyte collector through pipeline. All collectors, galvanochemical treating bath and second rinse bath are provided with level detectors-relays. Dilute electrolyte collector has electrodes. EFFECT: increased efficiency in treating part surfaces and high quality of part surface. 6 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to galvanochemical processing and surface cleaning of parts and can be used in galvanic and chemical industries as part of automated (mechanized) lines, and as part of stationary sections of the corresponding processing.

Known drainless galvanochemical processing of parts, containing located in the technological sequence of the galvanochemical treatment bath with a drain pipe, the first washing bath, made three-stage and equipped with an overflow pipe, the second washing bath, made flowing and equipped with an overflow pipe, a collection of diluted electrolyte and contaminated washing water, unit for concentration and separation of electrolyte fractions, filter for deep cleaning of diluted electrolyte and contaminated wash water, two pumps and a piping system [1]
The disadvantages of the known device are the relatively low efficiency and quality of washing, due to the lack of the possibility of high-quality washing of parts containing blind holes, grooves and recesses, and the need for a constant supply of demineralized and (or) reused water to the second washing bath.

 In addition, this device is quite energy-intensive, since during its operation it is necessary to clean and concentrate a mixture of diluted electrolyte and contaminated washing water, without separation of the latter.

Closest to the claimed technical essence and the achieved result, the known solution, selected as a prototype, is a drainless module for galvanochemical processing of parts, containing a bath for galvanochemical processing with an overflow pipe located in the technological sequence, the first washing bath made in three stages and equipped with jets and overflow pipe, a second wash tub, made flowing and equipped with an overflow pipe, and a third wash tub assembly of parts with hot water, a collection of diluted electrolyte (solution) of galvanochemical treatment, a collection of contaminated washing water, a concentration and separation unit for electrolyte (solution) fractions, a deep filter for washing water, three pumps and a piping system, the first outlet of a diluted electrolyte (solution) collection galvanochemical treatment is connected by means of the first pump and pipeline to the inlet of the concentration and separation of electrolyte (solution) fractions, the first outlet of which is connected with a collection of diluted electrolyte (solution) of galvanochemical treatment, and its second outlet is connected to the elements of forming jets of a three-stage washing bath, an overflow pipe of a bath for galvanochemical treatment is connected to a collection of diluted electrolyte (solution) of a galvanochemical treatment, an overflow pipe of a washing flow bath is connected to a collection of contaminated washing rinse water, the first outlet of which is connected by means of a third pump and a pipeline to the inlet of the filter for deep cleaning of washing water the outlet of which is connected to a collection of contaminated washing water, the second outlet of which is connected to a collection of diluted electrolyte (solution) of galvanochemical treatment, the second outlet of which is connected by means of a second pump and a pipeline to the bathtub for galvanochemical treatment [2]
A disadvantage of the known device, selected as a prototype, are the relatively high cost of production space required to accommodate the module galvanochemical processing of parts.

 The disadvantages of this device are the relatively low efficiency of its operation and the quality of washing parts, in particular jet, due to the fact that the volume of washing water used for jet washing is rigidly tied to the performance of the concentration and separation unit of electrolyte fractions (solution) entering the last of the collection of diluted electrolyte (solution) galvanochemical treatment.

 In addition, another disadvantage of this device is its relatively limited functional and technological capabilities, which do not allow, in particular, to “feed” the module with uncontaminated water without using and laying the necessary shut-off and control valves and pipelines, respectively, as well as to ensure the operation of the module, in particular, in the second, flow-through washing bath.

 Finally, another disadvantage of this device is its relatively large material consumption, due to a significant number (up to 5 pieces) of containers for washing parts.

 A new technical result is to reduce the material consumption of the device and production facilities, increase the efficiency of the module and the quality of washing parts, as well as expand the functional and technological capabilities.

 A new technical result is achieved by the fact that the drainless module for galvanochemical processing of parts, comprising, in a technological sequence, a bath for galvanochemical processing with an overflow pipe, a first washing bath equipped with jet forming elements, and a second washing bath made with flowing and equipped with an overflow pipe, a diluted collector electrolyte (solution) of galvanochemical treatment, a collection of contaminated washing water, a concentration and fractionation unit for electric lithium (solution), a filter for deep purification of washing water, three pumps and a piping system, the outputs of the diluted electrolyte (solution) electrochemical processing collector being connected by means of corresponding pumps and pipelines to a galvanochemical treatment bath and an electrolyte (solution) concentration and separation unit, the first the outlet of which is connected by a pipeline to a collector of a diluted electrolyte (solution) of galvanochemical treatment, a bath overflow pipe for galvanochemical treatment fabric is connected to a collection of diluted electrolyte (solution) of galvanochemical treatment, the overflow pipe of the washing flow bath is connected to a collection of contaminated washing water, the outlet of which is connected by means of a third pump and a pipeline with a deep filter of washing water, according to the invention, it is equipped with a collection of unpolluted demineralized (distilled) water connected to the generator (drive) of the latter and, through the pump and the corresponding pipeline, with the elements of the formation of jets of the first rinsing baths, equipped, in turn, with a drain pipe connected to the input of a normally open actuator, the output of which is connected by a pipe to a collector of diluted electrolyte (solution) of galvanochemical treatment, and the input to a collector of contaminated washing water, the second output of the concentration and fractionation unit the electrolyte (solution) is connected by a pipeline to a collection of unpolluted demineralized (distilled) water; the outlet of the filter for deep cleaning of washing water is connected by a pipe water from the second washing bath, and the pipeline connecting the first outlet of the concentration and separation of electrolyte (solution) fractions to the diluted electrolyte (solution) galvanochemical treatment collector is connected to the latter through a normally open actuator, the inlet of which is also connected by the pipeline to the diluted electrolyte collector (solution) of galvanochemical treatment, and the bottom of the collection of diluted electrolyte (solution) of galvanochemical treatment is bi-inclined, with slopes and in the direction of the respective pumps, one of the communicating sections of the collector of the diluted electrolyte (solution) of the galvanochemical treatment, separated along the bottom, is connected by the corresponding pipelines to the outputs of the normally open actuators installed on the drain pipe of the first washing bath and on the pipe connecting the first output of the concentration and separation unit fractions of electrolyte (solution) with a collection of diluted electrolyte (solution) of galvanochemical treatment, and the second of the separated on the bottom of the communicating sections of the latter, it is connected to the overflow pipe of the bath for galvanochemical treatment and a pipe connected to the input of the normally open actuator installed on the pipe connecting the first output of the concentration and separation of electrolyte fractions (solution) to the diluted electrolyte (solution) galvanochemical treatment collector . The collection of diluted electrolyte (solution) of galvanochemical treatment, the collection of contaminated washing water and the collection of unpolluted demineralized (distilled) water are equipped with at least two limit sensors-level switches.

 Moreover, the sensitive elements (electrodes) of the sensor-relay level of the collector of the diluted electrolyte (solution) of the galvanochemical treatment are placed in each of the communicating sections of the latter.

 The galvanochemical treatment bath and the second washing bath are equipped with at least one-limit level switch sensors. As a unit for the concentration and separation of fractions of the electrolyte (solution), a film-type evaporator is used, containing at least an evaporation device and a condenser. And as a filter for deep cleaning of wash water, sorption columns with a sorbent of the corresponding galvanochemical treatment type are used.

 Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the inventive device is characterized by the presence of a collection of unpolluted demineralized (distilled) water connected to the generator (accumulator) of the latter, and, by means of a pump and a corresponding pipeline, with the formation elements of the jets of the first washing bath, equipping the latter with a drain pipe connected to the input of the normally open actuator, the output of which is connected by a pipeline to the collector of the diluted electrolyte (solution) galvanic treatment, and the inlet with a collection of contaminated wash water, a connection of the second outlet of the concentration and separation unit of electrolyte (solution) fractions with a collection of unpolluted demineralized (distilled) water, and a connection of the outlet of the deep filter for washing water from the second wash bath and the equipment of the pipeline connecting the first the output of the unit for concentration and separation of fractions of the electrolyte (solution) with a collection of diluted electrolyte (solution) of galvanochemical treatment, normally open using by the actual mechanism, connecting the input and output of the latter, as well as performing the bottom of the collector of the diluted electrolyte (solution) of galvanochemical treatment, places of entry into the last pipelines, equipping the collectors, a bath for galvanochemical processing and a second washing bath with level sensors, placing electrodes of one of the last the collection of diluted electrolyte (solution) and the implementation of the block concentration and separation of fractions of the electrolyte (solution) and a filter for deep cleaning of wash water. Thus, the claimed device meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

Comparison of the proposed solutions with others known in science and in the field of technology shows that there are known technical solutions [3] that allow providing a continuous mode of operation of the module for the galvanochemical processing of parts. However, their use does not allow to achieve the goal set in the claimed solution, since they do not provide:
the ability to process parts with the minimum required number of wash baths;
washing parts of increased complexity (in particular, body parts with blind holes, grooves and recesses);
effective operation of the evaporator, due to the need to concentrate highly diluted electrolytes (solutions) of the washing water drained from the first washing stage;
the possibility of autonomous operation of individual module baths, without being “tied” to the amount of liquid carried by parts from the galvanochemical treatment bath into the three-stage washing bath, which has a particularly negative effect, in particular, at the stage of heating the electrolyte (solution) of the galvanochemical treatment bath (essence at the stage of non-working state module).

 This allows us to conclude that the technical solution meets the criterion of "significant differences".

 The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a structural diagram of a drainless module for galvanic-chemical processing of parts.

 The closed-circuit module for galvanochemical processing of parts (see drawing) contains a bath 1 for galvanochemical treatment with an overflow pipe 2 located in the technological sequence, a first washing bath 3 equipped with jets 4 and a drain pipe 5, and a second washing bath 6 equipped with an overflow pipe 7 , collector 8 of diluted electrolyte (solution) of galvanochemical treatment, collector 9 of contaminated wash water, collector 10 of unpolluted demineralized (distilled) water, block 11 of concentrated anija fractions and separation of the electrolyte (solution) filter 12 and deep cleaning of the wash water.

 The outputs of the collector 8 are connected by means of pumps 13 and 14 and pipelines 15 and 16 with the bath 1 and the input of the block 11, respectively.

 The first output of block 11 is connected by a pipe 17 to the collector 8. An overflow pipe 2 of the bath 1 is connected to the collector 8, and an overflow pipe 7 of the bath 6 is connected to the collector 9, the outlet of which is connected by means of the pump 18 and the pipeline 19 to the inlet of the filter 12, the output of which is connected by a pipeline 20 with bath 6.

 The collection 10 is connected to a generator (accumulator) of unpolluted demineralized (distilled) water (not shown in FIG. 1) and, by means of a pump 21 and a pipe 22, with elements 4 of a bath 3, a drain pipe 5 of which is connected to the input of a normally open actuator ( MI) 23, the output of which is connected by a pipe 24 to a collector 8, and the input to a collector 9 (via a pipe 25). The second output of the block 11 is connected by a pipe 26 to the collector 10. The pipe 17 is connected to the collector 8 through a normally open actuator (IM) 27, the input of which is also connected to the collector 8 by a pipe 28. The bottom of the collector 8 is bi-inclined, with slopes to the sides of the pumps 13 and 14, respectively. And the communicating sections I and II of the collector 8, which are separated along the bottom, are connected to the output of IM 23 (pipe 24), IM 27 and the first output of block 11 (pipe 28) and overflow pipe 2 of bath 1, respectively.

 Collections 8, 9 and 10 are equipped with two-limit sensors-relays 29, 30 and 31 of the level, respectively. Moreover, the sensitive elements (electrodes) of the relay sensor 29 are located in each of the communicating sections I and II of the collection 8. Baths 1 and 6 are equipped with single-limit level sensors-relays 32 and 33, respectively. Block 11 contains an evaporation device 34, the output of which is connected to the pipe 17, and a condenser 35, the output of which is connected to the pipe 26. And sorption columns 36, 37 with a sorbent of the corresponding galvanochemical processing type are used as a filter 12.

 The device operates as follows.

 In the initial state in the bath 1 are (for example), and in the baths 3 and 6 there are no workpieces (not shown in Fig. 1). The level of the respective process medium (e.g. electrolyte and cold wash water) in baths 1 and 6 is normal. In collections 8 and 9, there is no diluted electrolyte (in this case) and contaminated wash water, respectively.

 The level of unpolluted demineralized (distilled) water supplied from its generator (accumulator) is normal in the collection 10 (see the drawing) (the essence of the volume of this water is sufficient for multiple jet washing processes). Pumps 13, 14, 18 and 21 are in the off state.

 IM 23, IM 27 are in the off (normally-open) state. The composition, concentration of the main components and other parameters of the electrolyte in the bath 1 are normal.

 The wash water of the bath 6 does not contain or contains an acceptable amount of contaminants in the form of the main washable component of the bath electrolyte 1.

 The evaporation device 34 and the condenser 35 of the block 11 are in the off state. In this case, both before and after loading parts (placed on the suspension or in the drum), the possible loss of electrolyte in bath 1 at the first stage of its operation due to evaporation, entrainment by onboard ventilation) can be compensated by the supply of unpolluted demineralized water both from the system its central distribution, and by the module itself.

 In the latter case, this is done as follows.

 For a certain time, turn on pump 21 of collector 10, uncontaminated demineralized water from which flows through line 22 to elements 4 of bath 3 and then through line 5 through normally open IM 23 and through line 24, enters section 1 of collector 8, as indicated by a signal its relay sensor 29.

 After that, a signal is sent to close (for a certain time) a normally open MI 27 and, also for a certain time, controlled by a relay switch 29, turn on a pump 14 for pumping unpolluted demineralized water (in this case) via pipeline 16 through an unconnected (in this case) the device 34, and through pipelines 17 and 28, to section II of the collection 8, as evidenced by the signal of its sensor-relay 29.

 Next, turn on the pump 13 (the operation of which is controlled by sensors-relays 29 and 31) and serves unpolluted demineralized water (via pipe 15) in the bath 1 to compensate for the level of its electrolyte.

 Similarly, it is possible (especially if using hot washing) to compensate for the loss of washing water in the bath 6, in particular at the stage of its use for processing the first batch of parts.

 At the same time, uncontaminated demineralized water drained from bath 3 (in this case) is sent (by signaling and closing IM 23) to collector 9, from where it is pump 18, the operation of which is controlled by relay sensors 30 and 33, through pipeline 19, through columns 36, 37 of the filter 12, and through the pipe 20, is fed into the bath 6.

 After the end of the processing time of the parts in the bath 1, their unloading from the latter, parts are loaded into the bath 3, on the surface (in the cavities) of which the electrolyte carried out by them from the bath 1 is contained.

 Then turn on for a certain time, ensuring the appropriate quality of jet (in this case) washing, pump 21 of collector 10, uncontaminated demineralized water from which flows through line 22 into elements 4 of bath 3, for washing off the main part by jet method (up to 90-95%) electrolyte removed from the bath by parts 1.

 The concentrated water solution discharged from the bathtub 3 through pipeline 5 is separated, using ИМ 23 and the pipeline 25 connected to its inlet [for example, by time or by the concentration of the main washable component recorded by the concentration sensor (not shown in the drawing) installed directly before the entrance of IM 23] to the relatively highly concentrated and weakly concentrated parts of the water solution drained from the bath 3 (the essence is the process of passive concentration). At the same time, a relatively highly concentrated part of the water solution drained from the bath 3 enters through section 24 to section 1 of the collector 8, as evidenced by the signal of its sensor-relay 29, and a relatively weakly concentrated part of the water solution drained from the bath 3 enters through the pipeline 25 in the collection 9, as evidenced by the signal of its sensor relay 30.

 After the process of jet washing parts in the bath 3, parts from the latter are moved and loaded into the bath 6 for their final washing.

 In this case, the remaining amount (5-10%) of the electrolyte removed from the parts from the bath 1 is removed in the bath 6 by the submersible washing method with active stirring (for example, by sparging) of the washing water.

 After the process of washing parts by immersion in bath 6 and unloading them from the latter, baths 1,3 and 6 are ready for galvanochemical processing of a new batch of parts.

 Moreover, the feature of the subsequent processing of parts, as well as the process of maintaining the level of liquid processing media in baths 1 and 6, is as follows.

 The process of active concentration of accumulated in section 1 of the collection 8 of a relatively highly concentrated part of a solution of water. To do this, turn on the device 34 and the condenser 35 of the block 11, the pump 14, and supply a relatively highly concentrated part of the water solution (via line 16) to the device 34, in which the solution arriving at it is evaporated and the latter is divided into liquid and gaseous fractions. The concentrate formed in this case enters through a pipe 17, through a normally open MI 27, to section 1 of the collector 8, from which it is again fed by a pump 14 to the device 34 of block 11. And the gaseous fraction (steam) entering the condenser 35 is converted to condensate (essence in demineralized water), which, through pipeline 26, enters the collector 10 to replenish the volume of unpolluted demineralized water. Upon reaching the required concentration of the main washable component [for example, by time, or by the concentration of the main washable component recorded by the concentration sensor (not shown in the drawing) installed immediately before the input of the IM 27], the IM 27 is closed as described previously and maximally concentrated (secondarily , in this case), a solution of water enters through section 28 to section II of collector 8. Moreover, replenishment of electrolyte losses in bath 1 is carried out in the previously described manner, but the concentration th e the electrolyte solution, thus achieving high stability with respect to the parameters of the electrolyte, and hence the quality of processing parts in the bath 1. In this case, the excess electrolyte (solution) from the bath 1 comes again in section II collector 8 via line 2.

 The process of deep cleaning of a weakly concentrated part of the water solution drained from the bath 3 and the wash water of the bath 6 contaminated with the electrolyte residues of the bath 1 is carried out with the simultaneous replenishment of the water losses of the bath 6, caused, in particular, by the removal of parts of the wash water by parts. Moreover, as previously described, the pump 18 is turned on and the washing water is circulated along the circuit: collector 9 pump 18 pipe 19 sorption columns 36, 37 pipe 20 bath 6 pipe 7 collection 9.

 Moreover, in both cases, monitoring and control of the operation of unit 11, pumps 13, 14, 18 and 21 can be carried out both by signals from the sensor relays 20, 30, 31, 32, 33, and using the corresponding sensors of the concentration of the main washable component, converting equipment and automation units (not shown in the drawing). And the extraction of possible extraneous impurities of the electrolyte (solution) of the galvanochemical treatment can be carried out using a portable stand-alone electrochemical module (not shown in the drawing) located in section II of the collection 8 or directly in the bath I or in the design of the pipeline 15.

Thus, the claimed device in comparison with the known, selected as a prototype, allows you to:
significantly (1.5-2 times) reduce the consumption of materials and production space required to accommodate the module;
to improve the efficiency of the module and the quality of washing parts (in particular, inkjet), by ensuring that the concentration and separation of the fractions of the jet forming elements are independent of the productivity of the unit and the relatively lower energy costs required for the operation of the concentration and separation of fractions;
to provide the possibility of “feeding” the module with uncontaminated water without laying the necessary communications and additional equipment, as well as to provide continuous operation and immersion washing baths, which, in turn, leads to the possibility of continuous operation of the module as a whole.

 The implementation of the proposed device is quite simple and does not meet fundamental difficulties.

 So, for example, a pneumatic valve 25 and 7p2 can be used as a normally open actuator in the device, the inner surface of which is lined with fluoroplastic (polypropylene), the operation of which can be controlled from an electromagnetic pneumatic distributor of the type KE-2UHL4 (Up. 24 V). Level sensors such as RUS, "Signal-15", ECHO-3, DUZHE-200 M and others can be used as level sensors-relays in the device. Electropump centrifugal devices of the type x8 / 18-L- can be used as pumps in the device 2B and (or) metering pumps of the type ND-1600/10-D of appropriate performance.

Claims (6)

 1. DIRECT-FREE MODULE OF PLAYING OF DETAILS OF THE COMPONENTS, comprising a bath located in a technological sequence for a galvanochemical treatment with an overflow pipe, a first washing bath with stream forming elements and a second washing bath made by a groove with an overflow pipe, a diluted electrolyte treatment tank, a collection of diluted electrolyte galvanic-chemical treatment unit for concentration and separation of electrolyte fractions, filter for deep cleaning of washing water, three pumps and piping system moreover, the outputs of the collection of the diluted electrolyte of the galvanochemical treatment are connected by means of corresponding pumps and pipelines to the bath for the galvanochemical processing and the concentration and separation unit of electrolyte fractions, the first outlet of which is connected by a pipe to the collection of the diluted electrolyte of the galvanochemical processing, the overflow pipe of the bath for galvanochemical processing is connected to the collection of the diluted electrolyte galvanochemical treatment, overflow tub overflow pipe washing is connected to a contaminated washing water collector, the outlet of which is connected by means of a third pump and a pipeline with a deep filter of washing water, characterized in that it is equipped with a collection of unpolluted demineralized water connected to the generator of the latter, and by means of a pump and a corresponding pipeline with elements for forming jets the first flushing bath, made with a drain pipe connected to the input of a normally open actuator, the output of which is connected by a pipeline with a collection of diluted electrolyte of galvanochemical treatment, and the entrance to the collection of contaminated washing water, the second outlet of the concentration and separation unit of electrolyte fractions is connected by a pipeline to the collection of unpolluted demineralized water, and the outlet of the deep filter of washing water is connected by a pipe to the second washing bath, and the pipe connecting the first the output of the unit for concentration and separation of fractions of the electrolyte with a collection of diluted electrolyte of galvanochemical treatment is connected to the latter through a normally open actuator, the input of which is also connected by a pipeline to the collector of the diluted electrolyte of the galvanochemical treatment, the bottom of the collector of the diluted electrolyte of the galvanochemical processing is bi-inclined, with slopes to the sides of the corresponding pumps, one of the communicating sections of the collector of the diluted electrolyte of the galvanochemical processing divided along the bottom is connected by the corresponding pipelines with outputs of normally open actuators, installed on the drain pipe of the first washing bath and on the pipe connecting the first outlet of the concentration and separation unit of the electrolyte fractions with the collector of the diluted electrolyte of the galvanochemical treatment, and the second of the communicating sections of the latter separated along the bottom is connected to the overflow pipe of the galvanochemical treatment bath and the pipe connected to the inlet normally open actuator mounted on the pipeline connecting the first output of the concentration unit and times ELENITE electrolyte fractions with a dilute electrolyte galvanochemical collection processing.  2. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the collection of the diluted electrolyte of the galvanochemical treatment, the collection of contaminated washing water and the collection of unpolluted demineralized water are made with at least two limit level sensors.  3. The module according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the electrodes of the sensor-relay level of the collector of the diluted electrolyte of galvanochemical processing are placed in each of the communicating sections of the latter.  4. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the galvanochemical treatment bath and the second washing bath are made with at least one-limit level switch sensors.  5. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that a film-type evaporator is used as a unit for concentration and separation of electrolyte fractions, made at least with an evaporation device and a condenser.  6. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that sorption columns with a sorbent corresponding to the galvanochemical treatment of the species are used as a filter for deep cleaning of washing water.

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