RU2042534C1 - Two-axle truck with balance suspension - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering. SUBSTANCE: two-axle truck has wheels with axles 3, hollow central axle, balance levers 1, sheet spring. Lever shackles are articulated with central axle. Sheet spring is articulated with central shaft with the help of auxiliary bushing 5. New in this device is that sheet spring 6 is mounted on a central shaft right over balance lever 1, auxiliary bushing 5 is mounted on a central shaft between balance lever shackles 1 and sheet spring ends 6 rest on supporting members. Supporting members are positioned in holes placed on upper surfaces of balance levers. EFFECT: improved design. 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to undercarriage of vehicles, namely to the balancing suspension of two-axle bogies of trailers and semi-trailers.

 Known balancer suspension of a biaxial vehicle trolley [1] containing brackets rigidly connected to the side members of the vehicle frame, on which leaf springs are mounted that can be rotated, the ends of which are supported by bridge beams, the latter being pivotally connected respectively to the side members by means of upper and lower reaction rods frames and the mentioned brackets.

 However, this balancing suspension cannot be used in the design of an autonomous biaxial trolley assembled assembled on a vehicle.

 Also known is a biaxial vehicle suspension [2] consisting of a central axis on which leaf springs and supports are mounted with a possibility of swinging for attaching the suspension to the vehicle frame; wheel axles with running wheels mounted on them and balance and reaction rods connecting the wheel axles with the central axis.

 Such a suspension allows you to create an autonomous biaxial trolley with a balanced spring suspension, however, it has the following significant drawbacks: vertical forces transmitted from the vehicle to the wheel axles, and traction and braking forces transmitted from the wheel axles to the vehicle supports, due to the presence of shoulders ( spacing over considerable distances) between the points of application of force and the supports that receive these forces, load the design of the cart with additional bending moments.

 To expand the operational capabilities of a biaxial trolley with a balancing spring suspension, the leaf spring in it is mounted on the central axis directly above the balancing levers, the intermediate sleeve is placed on the central axis between the eyes of the balancing levers, and the ends of the leaf spring are freely supported by the supporting elements mounted on the upper surfaces of the balancing levers, made in the form of fingers with heads, moreover, on the upper surface of each balancing lever are oriented along its longitudinal axis of the hole for the installation of support elements.

 In FIG. 1 shows a biaxial trolley with a balanced suspension, general view; figure 2 is a view along arrow A in figure 1; in Fig.3 node I in Fig.1; in Fig.4 a section bB in Fig.1.

 The proposed biaxial trolley with a balancing suspension consists of two interchangeable balancing levers 1 (Fig. 1), on the trunnions of which are mounted transverse balancers 2 with wheels 3 and brakes 4, and an intermediate sleeve 5 with a fixed leaf spring 6 on it.

 The eyes of the balancing levers 1 and the intermediate sleeve 5 are mounted on the central hollow axis 7 (Fig. 4) so that the intermediate sleeve is placed between the eyes of the balancing levers fixed on it by the washer 8 and screws 9.

 The leaf spring 6 is mounted on the intermediate sleeve 5 by means of pins 10, lining 11 and nuts 12, placed above the balancing levers 1 (Fig. 1) and resting its ends on the supporting elements 13 (Fig. 3) installed in the holes on the upper surfaces of the balancing levers 1 (figure 1).

 The cart is attached to the vehicle frame using an arm 14 (Fig. 4 and 2) mounted on a shaft 15 (Fig. 4), passed through the central hollow axis 7 and fixed relative to it by a washer 16 and bolts 17, or is installed without an additional bracket mounted on the shaft or trunnion of the vehicle (not shown).

 Biaxial trolley is used as follows.

 When the vehicle is moving, the vertical load from its frame through the bracket 14 (Fig. 4) is transmitted to the shaft 15, then through the central hollow axis 7 and the intermediate sleeve 5 to the leaf spring 6 and then through the balancing levers 1 (Fig. 1) and the transverse balancers 2 on wheels 3.

 The placement of the leaf spring 6 above the balancing levers 1, as well as the location of the eyes of the balancing levers 1 on the sides of the intermediate sleeve 5, which is the hinged support of the leaf spring 6, made it possible to practically eliminate the application of additional bending moments to the structural elements when transmitting vertical forces from the vehicle frame on the balancing levers 1. In addition, the presence of longitudinal 1 and transverse 2 balancers in the design of the trolley allows you to evenly distribute the vertical load on the stake CA 3 trolleys when driving on rough roads. When the vehicle brakes, the wheels of the 3 trolleys stop. In the place of contact of the wheel 3 with the road, a braking force arises, which is transmitted from the stationary wheels 3 through the transverse balancers 2 and the balancing levers 1 to the central hollow axis 7 (Fig. 4), the shaft 15, the bracket 14 and further to the vehicle frame.

 The braking force also creates a braking torque acting on the same structural elements of the trolley as the braking force. Since the eyes of the balancing levers 1, located on the central hollow axis 7, are adjacent to the eyes of the bracket 14, due to the slight mismatch of the points of application of the braking forces with the supports receiving them, additional bending moments are minimized and do not significantly affect the design of the truck as a whole .

 When driving, in addition to vertical and braking forces, the trolley’s design is affected by the tractive force caused by the vehicle’s resistance to movement, which acts on the same structural elements of the trolley as during braking. The rearranged support elements 13 introduced into the design of the spring suspension (Fig. 3) allow changing the spring stiffness depending on the mass of the transported cargo, as well as using springs of various lengths in the suspension.

Thus, it can be stated that the proposed design of a biaxial trolley with a balanced suspension allows, in addition to improving working conditions, to expand operational capabilities, namely:
reduces the complexity of mounting the trolley on a vehicle;
provides uniform distribution of the vertical load on the wheels in the process of movement along the roughness of the road;
provides a change in the stiffness of the leaf springs depending on the mass of the transported cargo;
provides the possibility of using leaf springs of various lengths in the suspension.

Claims (1)

 TWO-AXLE BALANCED SUSPENSION CART, containing wheels with axles, a hollow central axis, balancing levers whose eyes are pivotally connected to the central axis, a leaf spring pivotally mounted by means of an intermediate sleeve on the central axis, characterized in that the leaf spring is mounted on the central axis directly above balancing levers, the intermediate sleeve is placed on the central axis between the eyes of the balancing levers, and the ends of the leaf springs freely rest on the supporting elements, installed holes in the holes made on the upper surfaces of the balancing levers and oriented along the longitudinal axis of the lever.

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