RU203068U1 - Farm for growing green crops - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to modular farms and can be used in the agro-industrial complex for growing green plants. EFFECT: provision of optimal microclimate parameters, illumination and nutrition for growing green plants in an automated mode. A modular farm for growing green plants contains a working chamber (2) with a rack (1) placed in it with a tray for growing green plants. A lighting unit (4) is installed inside the rack (1) above the pallet, and a unit for providing microclimate parameters (5) is installed above the rack (1) in the working chamber (2), made with the ability to maintain and change the microclimate parameters, as well as work in ventilation mode ... The working chamber (2) is additionally equipped with a unit for preparation and supply of a nutrient solution (6), connected to the trays through channels for delivery of a nutrient solution, and a control controller (3) configured to be connected to a computer to receive and execute commands for controlling microclimate parameters inside the working chamber. camera (2), lighting parameters of the lighting unit (4) and preparation and supply of nutrient solution to the channels for its delivery. In this case, the control controller (3) is connected to the lighting unit (4), the microclimate parameters provision unit (5) and the nutrient solution preparation and supply unit (6), and the control commands are set depending on the stage of the life cycle of green plants grown in the pallet. 5 p.p. f-crystals, 2 fig.

Description

Technology area

The utility model refers to modular farms and can be used in the agro-industrial complex for growing green plants (green crops) that are eaten in a green form, for example, onions, lettuce, spinach, dill, rhubarb.

State of the art

Known construction of a room for growing plants in artificially controlled conditions - phytotron, disclosed in the patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2557572 (published on July 27, 2015, IPC A01G 9/26, also published as a patent for a useful model of the Russian Federation No. 134744). This solution contains a working chamber, racks placed in it for placing containers with plants, a lighting installed above the containers, a lighting control system, an air cooling unit.

However, the known solution does not allow providing optimal parameters inside the working chamber for growing green plants, since it does not imply the possibility of delivering the nutrient solution to containers with plants. Another disadvantage of the known phytotron is incomplete automation of microclimate parameters control inside the container.

Disclosure of the essence of a utility model

The technical challenge posed to the authors of this utility model is to create a farm for growing green plants, which makes it possible to provide optimal microclimate, illumination and nutrition parameters for growing green plants in an automated mode.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of this utility model is to provide optimal parameters of the microclimate, illumination and nutrition for growing green plants in an automated mode.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the farm for growing green plants contains a working chamber with a rack placed in it with a tray for growing green plants. At the same time, a lighting unit is installed inside the rack above the pallet, and a microclimate parameter provision unit is installed above the rack in the working chamber, made with the ability to maintain and change the microclimate parameters, as well as work in ventilation mode. In contrast to the prototype, in the declared farm, the working chamber is additionally equipped with a unit for preparation and supply of nutrient solution connected to the trays through channels for delivering nutrient solution, and a control controller configured to be connected to a computer to receive and execute commands for controlling microclimate parameters inside the working chamber. , lighting parameters of the lighting unit and preparation and supply of the nutrient solution to the channels for its delivery. In this case, the control controller is connected to the lighting unit, the microclimate parameters provision unit and the nutrient solution preparation and supply unit, and control commands are set depending on the stage of the life cycle of green plants grown in the pallet.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the layout of the declared truss in side view.

FIG. 2 shows the layout diagram of the declared truss in top view.

Implementation of the utility model

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the declared farm is based on the use of one or more racks 1, on which pallets are mounted for placing green plants in them. Each rack can be represented by a multi-level rack to accommodate the required number of such pallets with plants in the volume of the farm. Shelves 1 with pallets are placed in the working chamber 2. The working chamber can be made heat-insulated and opaque, which will completely eliminate the influence of the environment during the entire growing cycle. The dimensions of the shelves 1 can be adjusted depending on the dimensions of the working chamber 2.

A distinctive feature of the declared farm is the automatic control of all life support systems of plants (light, climate, the composition of the supplied gas, the composition of the supplied nutrient solution). At the beginning of the cycle, the operator selects the crop to grow. Further, a growth program is sent from the computer to the control controller (3), which adjusts the control of all life support systems in the course of the biological cycle.

One or more phytolamps can be used as a lighting unit 4 installed inside the rack above the pallet. Control commands received by the control controller (3) and executed on it make it possible to control such parameters of illumination as the spectrum and intensity of illumination. Phytolamps allow you to increase the level of photosynthetic luminous flux (PPFD = 350 μmol / s / m2) at specified hours. To implement this solution, special power supplies (drivers) are used that allow changing the output volt-ampere characteristics when the input control signal comes from the central controller. The phytolamp is placed in a sealed case, which allows it to be placed as close as possible to the growth zone of green plants. This minimizes the "blank" scattering of the luminous flux.

Microclimate parameters provision block 5 allows maintaining and changing microclimate parameters. The controlled parameters of the microclimate are represented by temperature, relative humidity and air composition inside the working chamber, depending on the stage of the life cycle of green plants. The unit for providing microclimate parameters 5 allows you to work both with the internal volume of the working chamber 2 and in the ventilation mode. Unit 5 is controlled by a command from the control controller 3. During intensive feeding, unit 5 goes into recirculation mode (work only with the internal volume), the set temperature is maintained exactly. To maintain humidity, humidifiers can be installed inside the working chamber 2, which are also included in the operation by a signal from the control controller 3. This allows you to create conditions for more accurate control of the concentration of carbon dioxide. The supply of carbon dioxide through the gas supply channels is carried out directly to the growth zone. During feeding, the concentration of carbon dioxide rises to 1500 ppm. Upon completion of feeding, the concentration decreases due to the transition of block 6 to the ventilation mode.

The working chamber 2 is additionally equipped with a unit for preparation and supply of the nutrient solution 6 connected to the trays through the channels for the delivery of the nutrient solution. Unit 6 prepares and supplies the nutrient solution according to the irrigation schedule, which, in turn, is loaded onto the control controller 3 from the central computer. Block 6 allows you to control the time and intervals of watering, as well as adjust the composition of the nutrient solution, depending on the selected program of the grown green plant.

After the completion of intensive feeding, all blocks of the working chamber switch to the optimal mode. Illumination unit 4 reduces the level of photosynthetic luminous flux (PPFD) to 200 μmol / s / m2, and is completely switched off during biological night hours. The microclimate parameters control unit 5 goes into ventilation mode. The concentration of carbon dioxide is maintained only due to the natural concentration.

Thus, the use of a programmable control controller allows you to optimize the operation of all life support systems in the mode of intensive saturation (feeding), as well as reduce resource consumption during the rest of the time.

Claims (6)

1. A farm for growing green plants, containing a working chamber with a rack placed in it with a pallet for growing green plants, while a lighting unit is installed inside the rack above the pallet, and a unit for providing microclimate parameters is installed above the rack in the working chamber, made with the ability to maintain and change the parameters of the microclimate, as well as work in ventilation mode, characterized in that the working chamber is additionally equipped with a unit for preparation and supply of nutrient solution connected to the trays through channels for delivery of nutrient solution, and a control controller configured to be connected to a computer for receiving and executing commands for controlling the microclimate parameters inside the working chamber, the lighting parameters of the lighting unit and the preparation and supply of nutrient solution to the channels for its delivery, while the control controller is connected to the lighting unit, the microclimate parameters provision unit and the cooking unit and supply of nutrient solution, and control commands are set depending on the stage of the life cycle of green plants grown in the pan. 2. A farm according to claim 1, characterized in that the racks are multi-level racks. 3. A farm according to claim 1, characterized in that the lighting unit is at least one phytolamp. 4. A farm according to claim 1, characterized in that the controlled lighting parameters are the spectrum and intensity of the lighting. 5. The farm according to claim 1, characterized in that the controlled parameters of the microclimate are represented by temperature, relative humidity and air composition inside the working chamber. 6. The farm according to claim 1, characterized in that the working chamber is thermally insulated and opaque.

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