RU192890U1 - Standalone farm - Google Patents

Abstract

This utility model relates to modular autonomous farms and can be used in the agricultural complex for growing tall plants. The technical result is an increase in the yield of tall plants in an enclosed space from one square meter of usable area. A modular autonomous farm consists of a container (1) equipped with sensors connected to the control unit for receiving data on the microclimate inside the container and means for providing such a microclimate (2,3, 4,5,6). Inside the container there is a rack (8) for growing tall plants, equipped with LED panels connected to the control unit with LEDs with different spectral ranges. LED panels are represented by a side illumination panel and a roof light panel. In this case, the upper light panel is mounted on a frame moving vertically inside the rack. 1 fig., 5 s.p. f-ly.

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to modular autonomous farms and can be used in the agro-industrial complex for growing tall plants used for food, for example, cucumbers, tomatoes, sweet peppers.

State of the art

Foreign analogues are known - Local Roots farms (access mode: https://ecotechnica.com.ua/technology/2956-vertikalnye-fermy-v-mobilnykh-kontejnerakh-local-roots-v-600-raz-produktivnee-otkrytykh-ferm .html, accessed: June 2019) and Modular Farms (http://www.modularfarms.com.au, accessed: June 2019). Known solutions make it possible to ensure the production of plants in conditions with relatively mild winters, they do not provide heating for external temperatures well below zero and involve relatively high capital investments. The well-known container farms Modular Farms are primarily intended for growing greenery, and are not adapted for the production of vegetables.

A known design of a room for growing plants under artificially controlled conditions is the phytotron disclosed in the patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2557572 (published July 27, 2015, IPC A01G 9/26, also published as a patent for a utility model of the Russian Federation No. 134744). This solution contains a working chamber, a temperature sensor placed in it, racks for placing containers with plants, a backlight installed above the containers, and a backlight control system. The backlight includes panels with LEDs with different spectral ranges. However, the known phytotron is not adapted for growing tall plants, for which it is necessary to provide light radiation not only from above in relation to the plant, but also in its root zone, which can reduce the yield of such plants from one square meter of usable area.

Utility Model Disclosure

The technical problem posed to the authors of this utility model is to create a technical tool to provide the conditions necessary for growing tall plants in a closed space, regardless of climatic conditions external to such a tool.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of this utility model is to increase the yield of tall plants in an enclosed space from one square meter of usable area.

The essence of the utility model is as follows. An autonomous farm for growing green crops consists of a container equipped with sensors connected to the control unit for receiving microclimate data inside the container and means for providing such a microclimate. Inside the container there is a rack for growing tall plants, equipped with LED panels connected to the control unit with LEDs with different spectral ranges. LED panels are represented by a side illumination panel and a roof light panel. In this case, the upper light panel is mounted on a frame moving vertically inside the rack.

This utility model is illustrated by one figure, which shows the layout scheme of the claimed farm.

Utility Model Implementation

Devices that provide the ability to maintain a closed light culture are one of the newest directions in the development of agribusiness and allow you to get a stable crop regardless of the season, climatic and environmental conditions. A key feature of the declared autonomous farm is the ability to establish an uninterrupted year-round process of growing tall plants, use it for breeding and seed production, and, accordingly, increase production productivity by several times. Tall plants are predominantly understood as vegetable crops such as cucumber, tomato and sweet pepper, and are characterized by a long ripening cycle, are photophilous, and even short-term freezing can be fatal. Given the fact that most of the territory of Russia is located in the zones of continental and sharply continental climate, it is a rather difficult problem to ensure the yield of tall plants in such conditions. In this regard, there is a need for solutions related to the creation of closed systems for providing a microclimate suitable for a particular vegetable crop. This problem is more acute in remote areas of the country, where objectively there is a need to increase the availability of food supply for citizens.

Indoor light culture has several advantages in comparison with traditional methods of cultivation: it allows to ensure independence from environmental factors, reduce energy costs, more efficiently use useful areas, place production in the city, ensure sanitary safety and economical water consumption.

In accordance with this utility model, the claimed farm consists of a container 1, which can be represented by a standard 40-foot container (ISO container), which ensures mobility of the farm and the independence of its placement. Such a container 1 allows you to ensure the movement of the farm using road, rail, water transport, is adapted for mechanized reloading from one vehicle to another. The said container 1 is equipped with a control unit and sensors associated with this unit for receiving data on the microclimate inside the container and means for providing such a microclimate. If necessary, ventilation openings can be made in the container walls, nodes for connecting to external engineering communications systems: electricity and water supply can be provided.

Sensors for obtaining data on the microclimate inside the container can be represented by sensors of humidity, temperature, partial pressure, pH level. Climate means inside the container can be represented by an air conditioner (split system) 2 with an air duct 3 for regulating the air temperature, lighting panels, a nutrient solution preparation station 4 with a tank 5, an air humidifier 6, and the like. Climate means are preferably located near the plant growth zone. Means such as a nutrient solution preparation station are directly connected to the drainage tanks of 7 racks 8 for growing plants.

The control unit is preferably an automated control unit that allows automatic control of the microclimate, including remotely using computer technology, as well as regulating the functioning of the microclimate in accordance with the programmed day / night / twilight cycle for a particular vegetable crop.

One of the differences of this utility model is the layout of LED panels, one of which can be represented by a side illumination panel, and the second by an overhead panel. The LED panels used consist of LEDs with different spectral ranges. The panels are placed in such a way that the direction of their radiation is focused on plants grown in racks 8.

The LED side illumination panel is placed at the level of the lower basal zone of the plant grown in the rack 8. The ceiling light panel is mounted on a vertically movable frame inside the rack. This frame can be suspended on ropes, and with the help of a bypass system, the operator can raise or lower the roof light frame relative to the plant. Such an arrangement of LED panels makes it possible to provide conditions for light emission, which favorably promote the growth and, accordingly, the productivity of a tall plant. In addition, the use of a mechanism for regulating the position of the roof light panel allows achieving a uniform distribution of photoactive radiation in the growth zone without additional dispersion, which in turn entails a reduction in the energy consumption of the lighting system. To improve the photosynthesis processes in plants, the designs of LED panels used lamps with specially selected spectral regions of radiation. The lighting mode (day / night / twilight) programmed on the control unit allows reducing the vegetative maturity.

Each plant can be placed in a box, cassette or pot suitable for standard sizes, installed inside the rack 8. In this case, the rack 8 can be represented by a multi-section rack consisting of several rows, tiers, levels in order to maximize the full use of the useful area. The plants inside the container are well ventilated, evenly receive artificial lighting and nutrition, the fruits are not injured during harvesting, plants are easier to pinch and remove diseased leaves, and it is faster and more convenient to collect the fruits.

Production using this utility model can be organized in conjunction with the cultivation of other plants: lettuce, basil, sorrel and the like. The areas of placement of these plants can be separated from the zone of placement of tall plants by airtight partitions.

Inside the container, a special technical zone can be provided with a fuel tank 9, a CO ₂ cylinder 10, an electric shield 11, a diesel generator set 12, and an air intake valve 13.

A provision zone (e.g., a provision container) for storing seeds and other necessary material can also be placed near this container. For access of technical personnel inside the container, a gateway 14 may be provided to prevent the penetration of external air into the container.

Before the start of the cycle, the seeds and the necessary material are transferred from the supply container.

The technical staff performs the sowing operation. After germination, the seedlings are transferred to the "Growth" program. Depending on the crops planted, the control unit sets the parameters of feeding (frequency of feeding the nutrient solution, EC / pH concentration) and artificial lighting (daylight hours, light intensity, lighting spectrum). In the process of growth, technical personnel monitor the functioning of engineering systems. At the end of the cycle, the technical staff performs the harvest in the growth zone, and its preparation (packaging) for transfer to the consumer.

35 days before the completion of the growing cycle, new seeds are planted in the sowing zone. After harvesting, new seedlings are immediately planted. Thus, the cycle time is reduced due to the planting of seedlings already prepared. Germination, cultivation, harvesting can be performed simultaneously.

The declared autonomous farm allows you to organize the production of food crops in any region, regardless of its climatic conditions, in any room suitable for these purposes, in the city or outside the city, underground or on the roof of buildings.

Claims (6)

1. An autonomous farm for growing tall plants, consisting of a container equipped with sensors connected to the control unit for receiving microclimate data inside the container, means for providing such a microclimate, and a container for growing tall plants equipped with LED panels connected to the control unit with LEDs with different spectral ranges, characterized in that the LED panels are represented by a side illumination panel and a top panel with Veta, while the top light panel is mounted on a vertically movable frame inside the rack. 2. The farm of claim 1, wherein the container is an ISO container. 3. The farm according to claim 1, in which the rack for growing tall plants is represented by a multi-section rack. 4. The farm according to claim 1, in which the sensors for receiving data on the microclimate inside the container are sensors of humidity, temperature, partial pressure, pH. 5. The farm according to claim 1, in which the means of providing the microclimate inside the container are provided with air conditioning for regulating the air temperature, lighting panels, a nutrient solution preparation station, an air humidifier. 6. The farm according to claim 1, in which the side illumination panel is placed at the level of the root zone of the plant grown in the rack.

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