RU2027610C1 - Method of building traction effort and wheeled driver for implementation of method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cross-country wheeled vehicles; means to increase cross-country capacity. SUBSTANCE: wheeled driver has differential reduction gear 1 designed to provide non-uniform rotation of semiwheels 3 and 4, center differential 2, semiwheels 3, 4 fitted on axles 5. Semiwheels of each side operate in antiphase and time of contact of driving semiwheels with bearing surface is several times greater than idling time. EFFECT: increased cross-country capacity of vehicle. 2 cl, 4 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to traction vehicles and can provide better cross-country wheeled vehicles.

 There is a method of increasing the patency of wheeled vehicles by reducing tire pressure (GOST 7468-69).

 However, when applying this method, an increase in vertical load causes a decrease in wheel efficiency and tire life.

 Known wheel terrain (ed. St. USSR N 500084, class 60 60 9/00, 1976), which allows to reduce the specific pressure on the soil by increasing the elasticity of the tires. This increases the contact area of the movers with the soil and the permeability of the wheeled vehicle.

 However, the presence in the wheel structure of an elastic metal tire and movable elements connecting the tire to the hub reduces the longevity of the propulsors as a whole, in addition, an increase in the vertical load on the wheels causes an increase in the contact area only in the plane of rotation of the wheel, which is insufficient to increase the permeability of the wheeled vehicle with significant vertical loads.

 A technical solution is also known (ed. St. USSR N 473625, class B 60 V 9/00, 1975), which allows to reduce the specific pressure of the wheel on the soil by moving two half-hubs connected by means of spokes with an elastic tire. When using this design of the wheel there is an increase in the area of contact of the wheel with the soil only in the transverse direction, which is not enough to increase the permeability of the wheeled vehicle. In addition, increasing the vertical load on the wheels reduces the radius of the wheel around the circumference and reduces the speed of the wheeled vehicle. Due to the decrease in the contact surface of the wheel with the soil in the longitudinal plane, the specific pressure does not change significantly.

 Closest to the proposed patent is France N 8609857, class. In 60 V 19/00, 1988, in which the increase in patency of the machine is provided by a large number of support driving wheels having the form of a half-wheel.

 The disadvantage of the proposed solution is the large number of propulsors and the associated increased metal consumption and low efficiency.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the patency of the machine and the efficiency of the propulsors.

 This goal is achieved by ensuring the interaction of the propulsors with the supporting surface so that within one revolution during the contacting period, the angular velocity remains constant, and after leaving the contact, the speed increases sharply and then decreases to the initial constant speed by the beginning of the next contact, which allows increase the total contact spot per unit path length, asymptotically bringing it closer to the area of the contact spot formed by an ordinary wheel as the ratio of the angular velocity increases awn idling polukolesa and the angular velocity of its working stroke. Moreover, the variable mode of operation of propulsors made in the form of two half-wheels on the left and right sides, mounted so that each half-wheel is in antiphase with respect to the adjacent half-wheel on one side, is achieved by using a gearbox made of a set of wheels of different diameters, on each of which a pair of teeth is cut with an offset of each pair of teeth relative to an adjacent wheel in accordance with a given law of change in angular velocity. Thus, a torque is applied to the semi-wheels that come out of contact with the supporting surface, which ensures their rotation with an angular speed that increases the angular speed of the working stroke.

 Since the propellers work longer within one revolution in the time travel mode than in the idle mode, two half-wheels work on one side of the cycle on each side. The use of half-wheels in propulsion mode for each revolution for a longer time than the idle time, allows to reduce the number of propulsors in the machine and its metal consumption, to increase their passability and efficiency compared to the prototype, the greater, the greater the multiplicity of the ratio of the angular idle speed to the angular speed working stroke.

 In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the propulsors; in FIG. 2 - kinematic diagram of the drive; in FIG. 3 - cyclogram of the propulsion; in FIG. 4 - location of propulsors on a wheeled vehicle.

 The device contains a step differential gearbox 1, designed to obtain a variable mode of operation of the propellers of the wheeled vehicle within one revolution, an interwheel differential 2, which provides different angular speeds of the propulsors in turns and when copying the relief of the road, two half wheels 3 and 4 installed in antiphase for each board, half shafts 5, which allow you to place half-wheels 3 and 4 with offset in the transverse and longitudinal directions, which reduces the dimensions of the device and allows each floor wheel to move on an individual track.

 On the semi-axle of the cross-axle differential, wheels of different diameters are planted. Two teeth are cut on each wheel, which periodically come into contact with two teeth (not shown) of the wheels located on the axle shafts 5. The ratios of the radii of the wheels on the drive and driven shafts of the differential gearbox, as well as the offset of each pair of teeth relative to the adjacent wheel, are selected in accordance with the necessary law, the changes in the angular velocity of the propulsors within one revolution.

r_α=

r_φ;

α=

φ=360^° ;
i₁ ^. i₂ ^. i₃ ... i_n = 1, где n - количество колес соответственно на ведущих и ведомых полуосях дифференциального редуктора; α и φ - углы относительного сдвига зубьев между соседними колесами соответственно на ведущем и ведомом валах дифференциального редуктора; i - передаточное отношение в парах контактирующих колес. Расчет кинематических параметров дифференциала осуществляют по специально разработанной программе на ЭВМ.In this case, the initial conditions must be observed

r _α =

r _φ ;

α =

φ = 360 ^° ;
i ₁ ^. i ₂ ^. i ₃ ... i _n = 1, where n is the number of wheels on the driving and driven axles of the differential gear, respectively; α and φ are the angles of the relative shift of the teeth between adjacent wheels, respectively, on the drive and driven shafts of the differential gear; i - gear ratio in pairs of contacting wheels. The calculation of the kinematic parameters of the differential is carried out according to a specially developed computer program.

 In accordance with the proposed method, the device operates as follows.

 The driving shafts of differential gears, which receive uniform rotation from the axles of the cross-axle differential, transmit uneven rotation within one revolution on the axis of the 5 drives. The average gear ratio in a stepped differential gearbox for one revolution of the drive shaft is 1. A stepped differential gearbox converts uniform rotation of the drive shaft to uneven rotation of the driven shaft so that uniform rotation is ensured in the contact mode of the semi-wheels with the track surface, and at the beginning in idle mode acceleration, and then deceleration with a return to the initial uniform rotation to the beginning of the next contact with the surface of the path. This allows you to increase the duration of contact of the movers with the surface of the path, since this reduces the idle time of the movers in comparison with the prototype and increases the intensity of contacting them with the surface of the path.

 In a step differential gearbox, the ratios of the radii of the initial circles of the gear elements of each stage, the relative shear angles between the gear elements, and the gear ratios in the steps are selected so as to ensure stable obtaining of a given operating mode within each revolution of the mover.

 As an example, the table shows the kinematic parameters of a step differential gear.

In the considered example, the parameters of the stepped differential gearbox are selected so that the time t _r.kh. the contact of each half-wheel with the surface of the track was 2 times longer than the time t _x.x. idling during the cycle t _c .

 When the device is operating according to the proposed method in the above example, the total area of the contact spot of the half-wheels of one side per unit length of the path is 1.3 times greater than the area of the contact spot of the half-wheels of the prototype. A larger total contact spot and a decrease in specific pressure increases the patency of the machine, and an increase in the intensity of their contact with the surface of the path allows to increase the efficiency of their propulsors.

Claims (3)

 METHOD FOR CREATING TRACTION EFFORT BY ENGINE AND WHEEL ENGINE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION.  1. A method of creating traction by an engine consisting of semi-wheels, based on the application to the semi-wheels in contact with the supporting surface, a torque that ensures their rotation with constant angular velocity, characterized in that the semi-wheels coming out of contact with the supporting surface, apply a torque that ensures their rotation with an angular speed exceeding the specified.  2. Wheel mover to create traction, containing mounted on the semi-axles of the semi-wheels connected to the interwheel differential of the drive axle, characterized in that the semi-axles of the semi-wheels are connected to the inter-wheel differential through a gearbox having a set of wheels of different diameters, each of which has a pair of teeth, and the ratio of the radii of the wheels on the driving and driven shafts and the displacement value of each pair of teeth relative to the adjacent wheel are selected in accordance with a given law of change in angular velocity.

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