CN107461474A - Three tooth difference plane steel balls are driven retainer drive-type automobile differential - Google Patents
Three tooth difference plane steel balls are driven retainer drive-type automobile differential Download PDFInfo
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- CN107461474A CN107461474A CN201710834204.9A CN201710834204A CN107461474A CN 107461474 A CN107461474 A CN 107461474A CN 201710834204 A CN201710834204 A CN 201710834204A CN 107461474 A CN107461474 A CN 107461474A
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- retainer
- tooth
- bevel gear
- shock wave
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
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Abstract
Three tooth difference plane steel balls are driven retainer drive-type automobile differential, belong to technical field of mechanical transmission.The present invention provides a kind of new automobile differential mechanism, the outside of its retainer bevel gear is bevel gear, inside is the retainer of spherical oscillating tooth, power is inputted by the bevel gear outside retainer bevel gear, retainer through retainer bevel gear is transmitted to spherical oscillating tooth, power is transmitted to the Central inner gear being connected with left half axle and three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels being connected with right axle shaft by spherical oscillating tooth again, and left half axle and right axle shaft are connected with left and right wheel respectively, so that left and right wheel realizes differential.The differential mechanism eliminates the planetary gear system in orthodox car differential mechanism, it is that multipair tooth engages between spherical oscillating tooth and retainer bevel gear, Central inner gear and three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels, therefore the differential mechanism small volume, it is in light weight, registration is big, bearing capacity is strong, can be widely applied to need the various wheeled vehicles of differential mechanism, such as automobile, engineering truck.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of three tooth difference plane steel balls transmission retainer drive-type automobile differential, for wheeled vehicle
Differential, belong to technical field of mechanical transmission.
Background technology
Currently used automobile differential is realized using the planetary gear system being made up of multiple spur bevel gears
The purpose of differential, although the system can realize the function of automobile left and right half differential, the component of a system is more, axially and
Radial dimension is all big, volume is big, heavier-weight, for heavy-duty car, in order to realize differential and transmit enough
Power, then volume and weight can further increase;Spur bevel gear transmission is also low with registration, therefore bearing capacity is low,
The shortcomings of transmission efficiency is not high, spur bevel gear processing difficulties, and manufacturability is poor.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is:To overcome disadvantages mentioned above existing for existing automobile differential, the present invention provides a kind of structure
Simple and compact, axially and radially size are small, in light weight, registration is high, the new differential of large carrying capacity, transmission efficiency
Device --- three tooth difference plane steel balls are driven retainer drive-type automobile differential.
The present invention is adopted the technical scheme that to solve its technical problem:A kind of three tooth difference plane steel balls transmission retainer
Drive-type automobile differential, mainly by Central inner gear (1), three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2), retainer bevel gear (3), spherical
Oscillating tooth (4), left half axle (5), right axle shaft (6), left shell half (7), right half-shell (8), the first taper roll bearing (9), the second circular cone
Roller bearing (18), the 3rd taper roll bearing (19), bolt (10), nut (11), key (12,17) composition, it is real with this system
Existing differential, forms differential mechanism;The outside of retainer bevel gear (3) is spur bevel gear, and inside is the holding of spherical oscillating tooth (4)
Frame, the retainer are circumferentially provided with Z3Individual axially extending bore, therefore retainer bevel gear (3) is both a bevel gear of main reducing gear,
It is the retainer in differential mechanism again, main reducing gear and differential mechanism are organically integrated by retainer bevel gear (3), keep
Frame bevel gear (3) is fixedly connected into an entirety and by a pair first circles with left shell half (7) and right half-shell (8) by bolt (10)
Taper roller bearing (9) is supported in frame;Z3Individual spherical oscillating tooth (4) can be along axle in the axially extending bore of retainer bevel gear (3)
To and radial motion, three tooth difference plane steel balls be driven retainer drive-type automobile differential in, spherical oscillating tooth (4) at the same with guarantor
Hold frame bevel gear (3) retainer, Central inner gear (1) and three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2) be meshed contact and transmit motion
And power, Central inner gear (1) are circumferentially provided with guide groove, Central inner gear (1) with three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2) in end face
Circumferential guide groove with both three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2) end is that spherical oscillating tooth (4) leads in the axial direction of retainer bevel gear (3)
A series of envelope surface of residing positions when being moved in hole, wherein the type face flank profil trough rim uncinus of three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2)
Wide curve isIn formula, e is eccentricity, and θ is that angle becomes parameter, and 3 be three tooth difference slot type shock wave bevel gears
The number of teeth, it is designated as Z2, and Z2=3, and it is Z that the guide groove track of Central inner gear (1), which is periodicity,1Sine curve, Central inner gear
(1) connected firmly by key (17) and left half axle (5), three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2) are connected firmly by key (12) and right axle shaft (6);It is left
Semiaxis (5) is respectively supported in left shell half (7) and retainer bevel gear (3) by a pair of second taper roll bearings (18), its
Left end mutually connects firmly with left side wheel (13);Right axle shaft (6) is respectively supported at right half by a pair of the 3rd taper roll bearings (19)
In shell (8) and retainer bevel gear (3), its right-hand member mutually connects firmly with the right wheel (14);The guide groove track of Central inner gear (1)
SIN function periodicity Z1With the axially extending bore number Z of retainer bevel gear (3)3Difference 3, three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels realize
Axial shock wave.
Other NM places of differential mechanism of the present invention use prior art.
Compared with the prior art primary object of the invention is:
1. the present invention has abandoned the planetary gear system of orthodox car differential mechanism using plane steel ball transmission, the system is main
Including Central inner gear, three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels, retainer bevel gear, spherical oscillating tooth, differential is realized with this system, it is poor to form
Fast device.
2. the outside of retainer bevel gear is spur bevel gear, inside is the retainer of spherical oscillating tooth, the retainer edge
Circumferentially it is provided with Z3Individual axially extending bore, therefore retainer bevel gear is both a bevel gear of main reducing gear, is in differential mechanism again
Retainer, main reducing gear and differential mechanism be organically integrated by retainer bevel gear, retainer bevel gear and left shell half and
Right half-shell is bolted to connection into an entirety and is supported on by a pair of first taper roll bearings in frame.
③Z3Individual spherical oscillating tooth can move both axially and radially in the axially extending bore of retainer bevel gear, flat in three teeth difference
In the grinding ball transmission retainer drive-type automobile differential of face, spherical oscillating tooth simultaneously with the retainer of retainer bevel gear, center
Gear and three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels, which are meshed, to be contacted and transmits motion and power, Central inner gear and three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels
Guide groove is circumferentially provided with end face, the circumferential guide groove of both Central inner gear and three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels end is spherical work
A series of envelope surface of tooth residing positions when being moved in the axially extending bore of retainer bevel gear, wherein three tooth difference slot type shock waves
The type face flank profil groove edge tooth curve of wheel isIn formula, e is eccentricity, and θ is that angle becomes parameter, and 3 be three teeth
The number of teeth of poor slot type shock wave bevel gear, is designated as Z2, and Z2=3, and it is Z that the guide groove track of Central inner gear, which is periodicity,1Sine
Curve, Central inner gear are connected firmly by key and left half axle, and three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels are connected firmly by key and right axle shaft.
4. Central inner gear, three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels, retainer bevel gear are axial symmetry.
5. Central inner gear is multiple tooth engage with spherical oscillating tooth, spherical oscillating tooth and three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels.
6. left half axle is respectively supported in left shell half and retainer bevel gear by a pair of second taper roll bearings, it is left
End mutually connects firmly with left side wheel;Right axle shaft is respectively supported at right half-shell by a pair of the 3rd taper roll bearings and retainer bores tooth
In wheel, its right-hand member mutually connects firmly with the right wheel.
7. the SIN function periodicity Z of the guide groove track of Central inner gear1With the axially extending bore number Z of retainer bevel gear3Phase
Poor 3, three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels realize axial shock wave.
It is of the invention compared with existing conventional automobile differential, there is beneficial technique effect below:
1. size significantly reduces, weight is lighter
The present invention has abandoned the planetary gear system of orthodox car differential mechanism using plane steel ball transmission, with three tooth difference slot type shock waves
Wheel realizes axial shock wave, and main reducing gear and differential mechanism are organically integrated by retainer bevel gear, make transmission device
Axially and radially size is all smaller, thus differential mechanism of the present invention is compact-sized, and volume is smaller, alleviates weight.
2. registration is big, bearing capacity is high
In the present invention spherical oscillating tooth and three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels, retainer and Central inner gear be it is multiple tooth engage, and with leading
Groove is double contact, in a work period of oscillating tooth, two contact surface alternations, oscillating tooth is not had backlash stroke, is overlapped
Degree is high, and Meshing Pair can form the engagement of convex-concave tooth form, and the induced normal curvature of conjugate tooth profile is small, the large carrying capacity of oil film, conjugation
The contact strength of tooth form is high, and bearing capacity is high, and high-power, high pulling torque differential gearing can be achieved.
3. good manufacturability, production cost is low
Part in differential mechanism of the present invention is less, simple in construction, easy to process, good manufacturability, and production cost is low.
4. stress equalization, smooth running
Central inner gear, three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels in differential mechanism of the present invention, retainer bevel gear are axial symmetry, inertia force
And suffered radially, circumferentially external force all autobalances, therefore differential mechanism smooth running.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.But will be it is emphasized that the tool of the present invention
Body embodiment is not limited to the form described by example below, and those skilled in the art is not paying creative work
In the case of, other embodiments can be also easily designed, therefore should not be by embodiment given below
Embodiment be interpreted as protection scope of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is limited in given embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of three tooth difference plane steel balls transmission retainer drive-type automobile differential
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Central inner gear
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels
Fig. 4 is to maintain the structural representation of frame bevel gear
Fig. 5 is the differential gearing schematic diagram of three tooth difference plane steel balls transmission retainer drive-type automobile differential
Fig. 6 is the relative position relation schematic diagram of each wheel and differential mechanism when automobile turns left
Fig. 7 is the threedimensional model and guide groove geometric locus figure of Central inner gear
Fig. 8 is the threedimensional model and guide groove geometric locus figure of three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels
The mark object of figure knowledge label is in above-mentioned each accompanying drawing:1 Central inner gear;2 three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels;3 keep
Frame bevel gear;4 spherical oscillating tooths;5 left half axles;6 right axle shafts;7 left shell halfs;8 right half-shells;9 first taper roll bearings;10 bolts;
11 nuts;12 keys;13 left side wheels;14 the right wheels;The active spur bevel gear of 15 main reducing gears;16 3 tooth difference flat steels
Ball is driven retainer drive-type automobile differential;17 keys;18 second taper roll bearings;19 the 3rd taper roll bearings.
Specific embodiment
Three tooth difference plane steel balls shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 and Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 be driven retainer drive-type automobile differential, mainly by
Central inner gear (1), three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2), retainer bevel gear (3), spherical oscillating tooth (4), left half axle (5), right half
Axle (6), left shell half (7), right half-shell (8), the first taper roll bearing (9), the second taper roll bearing (18), the rolling of the 3rd circular cone
Sub- bearing (19), bolt (10), nut (11), key (12,17) composition, realize differential with this system, form differential mechanism;Retainer
The outside of bevel gear (3) is spur bevel gear, and inside is the retainer of spherical oscillating tooth (4), and the retainer is circumferentially provided with Z3
Individual axially extending bore, therefore retainer bevel gear (3) is both a bevel gear of main reducing gear, is the holding in differential mechanism again
Main reducing gear and differential mechanism are organically integrated by frame, retainer bevel gear (3), retainer bevel gear (3) and left shell half (7)
An entirety is fixedly connected into by bolt (10) with right half-shell (8) and is supported on machine by a pair of first taper roll bearings (9)
On frame;Z3Individual spherical oscillating tooth (4) can be moved both axially and radially in the axially extending bore of retainer bevel gear (3), poor in three teeth
Plane steel ball transmission retainer drive-type automobile differential in, spherical oscillating tooth (4) at the same with the holding of retainer bevel gear (3)
Frame, Central inner gear (1) and three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2), which are meshed, to be contacted and transmits motion and power, Central inner gear (1)
Guide groove, Central inner gear (1) and three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels are circumferentially provided with end face with three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2)
Both (2) the circumferential guide groove of end is residing system when spherical oscillating tooth (4) moves in the axially extending bore of retainer bevel gear (3)
The envelope surface of column position, wherein the type face flank profil groove edge tooth curve of three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2) isIn formula, e is eccentricity, and θ is that angle becomes parameter, and 3 be the number of teeth of three tooth difference slot type shock wave bevel gears, is designated as
Z2, and Z2=3, and it is Z that the guide groove track of Central inner gear (1), which is periodicity,1Sine curve, Central inner gear (1) passes through key
(17) connected firmly with left half axle (5), three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2) are connected firmly by key (12) and right axle shaft (6);Left half axle (5) is logical
Cross a pair of second taper roll bearings (18) to be respectively supported in left shell half (7) and retainer bevel gear (3), its left end and the left side
Wheel (13) mutually connects firmly;Right axle shaft (6) is respectively supported at right half-shell (8) by a pair of the 3rd taper roll bearings (19) and kept
In frame bevel gear (3), its right-hand member mutually connects firmly with the right wheel (14);The SIN function week of the guide groove track of Central inner gear (1)
Issue Z1With the axially extending bore number Z of retainer bevel gear (3)3Difference 3, three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels realize axial shock wave.Fig. 7
In black curve be track of the geometric center on Central inner gear (1) of spherical oscillating tooth (4), the black curve in Fig. 8 is
Track of the geometric center of spherical oscillating tooth (4) on three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2).
The operation principle of differential mechanism of the present invention is:
When the driven wheel of differential of main reducing gear is that retainer bevel gear (3) is driven and with constant angular velocity n3(ginseng during rotation
See Fig. 1), the axial channel of retainer bevel gear (3) produces thrust, spherical oscillating tooth (4) while and center to spherical oscillating tooth (4)
Internal gear (1) and the contact of three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2) are engaged and promote them respectively with rotating speed n1、n2Rotate, at the same time ball
Shape oscillating tooth (4) also moves in the axial channel of retainer bevel gear (3), so as to form a two degrees of freedom differential system, in
Intracardiac gear (1) and motion on three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2) and power are then transmitted to the left half axle mutually connected firmly with it respectively
(5), right axle shaft (6), and it is finally transmitted to left side wheel (13), the right wheel (14).Central inner gear (1) and three tooth difference slot types
Shock wave wheel (2) rotates respectively in the presence of driving force, but respective motion state is uncertain, by left and right rear wheel difference
Road surface, bend situation determine.When automobile, straight-line travelling, left side wheel (13) turn with the right wheel (14) nothing on straight road
During speed difference, Central inner gear (1) is identical with the rotating speed of three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2), i.e., differential mechanism does not have differential action.This
When, each part keeps geo-stationary in differential system, and torque is inputted by retainer bevel gear (3), average through spherical oscillating tooth (4)
It is transmitted to Central inner gear (1) and three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2).Travelled when automobile turning or on rough road, behind the left side
When wheel (13) speed discrepancy occurs with the right wheel (14), spherical oscillating tooth (4) is driven by retainer bevel gear (3), on the one hand
Central inner gear (1) and the rotation of three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2) are driven, is on the other hand being rotated with retainer bevel gear (3)
Do in the axial channel of retainer bevel gear (3) and axially and radially move simultaneously, ensure that Central inner gear (1) and three teeth are poor
Slot type shock wave wheel (2) is able to realize differential in the case where not departing from transmission.And due to the intracardiac tooth of spherical oscillating tooth (4) centering
The effect of torque caused by the active force of (1) and three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2) is taken turns, makes to obtain on the slow driving wheel of rotating speed
The bigger torque of the fast driving wheel of specific speed.
The differential property of differential mechanism to illustrate the invention, if left and right wheel speed is respectively n behind automobile5、n6, retainer cone
The rotating speed of gear (3) is n3, then can be obtained by Fig. 5:
In formula, Z3--- the spherical oscillating tooth number of teeth;Z1--- the number of teeth of Central inner gear.
Such as setting automobile will turn left, and two front-wheels of automobile are in the presence of steering mechanism (Fig. 6), after its axis and automobile two
The axis of wheel intersects at P points, and now can be considered whole automobile is turned round around P points.In the case where wheel and ground are non-slip, two
The rotating speed of trailing wheel should be directly proportional to turning radius, can be obtained by Fig. 6:
In formula, r --- bend mean radius;L --- rear tread half.
Simultaneous solution formula (1), formula (2), are obtained:
It is determined that vehicle parameter and driving conditions under, n3、Z1、Z3, L be known.Therefore, n5With n6Only with radius of turn
R and become.Therefore differential mechanism of the present invention possesses differential function, the vehicle for equipping the differential mechanism can be by any half curve.
Disclosed by the invention is widely suitable to differential mechanism in need wheeled vehicle, such as automobile, engineering truck.
Claims (4)
1. three tooth difference plane steel balls are driven retainer drive-type automobile differential, mainly by Central inner gear (1), three tooth difference slot types
Shock wave wheel (2), retainer bevel gear (3), spherical oscillating tooth (4), left half axle (5), right axle shaft (6), left shell half (7), right half-shell
(8), the first taper roll bearing (9), the second taper roll bearing (18), the 3rd taper roll bearing (19), bolt (10), spiral shell
Female (11), key (12,17) composition, realizes differential with this system, forms differential mechanism;The outside of retainer bevel gear (3) is straight-tooth
Conical gear, inside are the retainers of spherical oscillating tooth (4), and the retainer is circumferentially provided with Z3Individual axially extending bore, therefore retainer is bored
Gear (3) is both a bevel gear of main reducing gear, is the retainer in differential mechanism again, and retainer bevel gear (3) will be main
Decelerator and differential mechanism are organically integrated, and retainer bevel gear (3) passes through bolt with left shell half (7) and right half-shell (8)
(10) it is fixedly connected into an entirety and is supported on by a pair of first taper roll bearings (9) in frame;Z3Individual spherical oscillating tooth (4)
It can both axially and radially move in the axially extending bore of retainer bevel gear (3), driven in three tooth difference plane steel balls transmission retainer
In dynamic formula automobile differential, spherical oscillating tooth (4) while retainer, Central inner gear (1) and three teeth with retainer bevel gear (3)
Poor slot type shock wave wheel (2), which is meshed, to be contacted and transmits motion and power, Central inner gear (1) and three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2)
Guide groove is circumferentially provided with end face, the circumferential guide groove of both Central inner gear (1) and three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2) end is
A series of envelope surface of residing positions when spherical oscillating tooth (4) is moved in the axially extending bore of retainer bevel gear (3), wherein three
The type face flank profil groove edge tooth curve of tooth difference slot type shock wave wheel (2) isIn formula, e is eccentricity, and θ is
Angle becomes parameter, and 3 be the number of teeth of three tooth difference slot type shock wave bevel gears, is designated as Z2, and Z2=3, and the guide groove rail of Central inner gear (1)
Mark is that periodicity is Z1Sine curve, Central inner gear (1) connected firmly by key (17) and left half axle (5), and three tooth difference slot types swash
Impeller (2) is connected firmly by key (12) and right axle shaft (6);Left half axle (5) is propped up respectively by a pair of second taper roll bearings (18)
Support in left shell half (7) and retainer bevel gear (3), its left end mutually connects firmly with left side wheel (13);Right axle shaft (6) passes through a pair
3rd taper roll bearing (19) is respectively supported in right half-shell (8) and retainer bevel gear (3), its right-hand member and the right wheel
(14) mutually connect firmly;The SIN function periodicity Z of the guide groove track of Central inner gear (1)1Lead to the axial direction of retainer bevel gear (3)
Hole count Z3Difference 3, three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels realize axial shock wave.
2. three teeth difference plane steel ball according to claim 1 is driven retainer drive-type automobile differential, it is characterised in that:
Above-mentioned Central inner gear (1), three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2), retainer bevel gear (3) are axially symmetric structure.
3. three teeth difference plane steel ball according to claim 1 is driven retainer drive-type automobile differential, it is characterised in that:
Above-mentioned Central inner gear (1) is multiple tooth nibble with spherical oscillating tooth (4), spherical oscillating tooth (4) and three tooth difference slot type shock wave wheels (2)
Close.
4. three teeth difference plane steel ball according to claim 1 is driven retainer drive-type automobile differential, it is characterised in that:
The type face flank profil groove edge tooth curve of the three teeth difference slot type shock wave wheel (2) isIn formula, e is bias
Rate, θ are that angle becomes parameter, and 3 be the number of teeth of three tooth difference slot type shock wave bevel gears, is designated as Z2。
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107939942A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-04-20 | 长江大学 | A kind of coaxial-type circular cone sine steel ball reducer |
CN109798329A (en) * | 2019-01-26 | 2019-05-24 | 天津大学 | A kind of axial direction shock wave type high robot joint speed reducer |
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CN105465322A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-04-06 | 四川大学 | Random-tooth-difference inner gear driving double-roller block type automobile differential |
CN105673802A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-06-15 | 四川大学 | Any-tooth-difference inner cam shock wave double-roll block type automobile differential |
CN106704541A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-05-24 | 四川大学 | Two-teeth-difference swing-plate type automobile differential mechanism |
CN106838201A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-13 | 四川大学 | Two teeth difference balance drive-type automobile differential |
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CN105114586A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-02 | 北京工业大学 | Movable tooth cam mechanism for achieving output through swing disc |
CN105465322A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-04-06 | 四川大学 | Random-tooth-difference inner gear driving double-roller block type automobile differential |
CN105673802A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-06-15 | 四川大学 | Any-tooth-difference inner cam shock wave double-roll block type automobile differential |
CN106704541A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-05-24 | 四川大学 | Two-teeth-difference swing-plate type automobile differential mechanism |
CN106838201A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-13 | 四川大学 | Two teeth difference balance drive-type automobile differential |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107939942A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-04-20 | 长江大学 | A kind of coaxial-type circular cone sine steel ball reducer |
CN109798329A (en) * | 2019-01-26 | 2019-05-24 | 天津大学 | A kind of axial direction shock wave type high robot joint speed reducer |
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Application publication date: 20171212 |