RU2023540C1 - Cutting tool with device for checking its state - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine engineering. SUBSTANCE: body of a cutting plate has a layer, whose electroconductivity is higher, than electroconductivity of the plate itself. The layer is spaced from the cutting edge by a distance, corresponding to an admissible value of wear of the cutting edge along its back face. The layer preferable has multipetal form. EFFECT: enhanced quality of cutting process by such tool. 1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used to operate a tool that allows you to monitor the achievement of an acceptable value of its destruction.

 Known cutting tool with a state monitoring device (1), in which the plate is multilayer and includes a Central part made of conductive tool material. A working part is fixed on it, the material of which is selected depending on the processing conditions and has low electrical conductivity. The thickness of the working part of the plate corresponds to the amount of allowable wear (fracture) along the rear face. The interaction of the current-supplying element with the plate is carried out at a point on the central current-conducting part of the plate. An insulating gasket is installed between the plate and the holder to eliminate false signals of electrical circuit closure due to the influence of drain chips. The work of the tool is as follows: in the initial period of cutting, there is no interaction between the central part and the workpiece, cutting is carried out only by the working part of the tool. The electric circuit (the tool and the part is powered through current leads) is open. In the process of further cutting, the working part of the tool will wear out or collapse. At the moment of cutting, when its destruction or wear along the back face extends to the entire thickness of the working part, the central part of the plate will come into contact with the part, i.e., the central current-supplying part of the tool will come into contact with the metal of the workpiece. The electric circuit will close the power source - current lead - the central part of the plate - part - devices for recording and converting an electrical signal, which will serve as a signal for replacing the cutting edge.

 The disadvantages of the prototype are the limited range of used tool materials and the complexity of the design of the conductive elements, as well as the difficulty of combining various tool materials with different conductivities into one cutting insert.

 The aim of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities by expanding the range of tool materials and simplifying the design of the tool with a fracture control device.

 In FIG. 1 shows a plate device, a top view; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 - diagram of the use of the tool in work; figure 4 - the initial moment of cutting the plate; figure 5 - diagram of the cutting tool with significant damage.

 The tool includes a housing 7, a cutting insert 2, interacting with the workpiece 6, and collector elements 4 mounted on insulating elements 5.

 The cutting insert (regardless of its shape and method of attachment) at a distance h (the maximum allowable amount of destruction along the rear face, during roughing can be taken 0.5-1.5 mm) from the cutting edge (by thickness of the insert) has a layer 1 made of a material with an electrical conductivity greater than the electrical conductivity of the plate material. The layer may be made of silver, copper, aluminum, tin, etc. The layer thickness is not significant, it is important that the layer does not reduce the performance of the plate, i.e. not significantly weakened the relationship of the upper (figure 2) and the lower parts of the plate.

 For this, the layer may be non-continuous, for example, of a petal shape (Fig. 1) with the arrangement of the petals in the cutting vertices of the plate and the contact point of 3 layers with the current-carrying element 3. The width of the petals is not significant. When performing a plate with an aperture (Fig. 1), the layer should not extend onto the walls of the aperture or should be isolated from the mounting pin (Fig. 4).

 The tool works as follows.

 In the initial period of cutting (Fig. 4), there is no interaction between the layer 1 and the workpiece 6; therefore, the electric circuit (the tool and the part are fed through the power supply from the power source) is open. During further cutting, the cutting edge will collapse. At the moment of cutting, when its destruction (by small chipping or sharp chipping) along the back face extends to the value h, layer 1 will come into contact with the part, i.e. the tool layer contacts the workpiece metal. This will close the electric circuit of the power source - current lead - conductive layer - part - devices for recording and converting an electrical signal and will serve as a signal for replacing the cutting edge (installation of a backup tool, etc.).

Claims (1)

 CUTTING TOOL WITH CONDITION CONTROL DEVICE, comprising a cutting plate with current-carrying elements and a control element located at a distance from the cutting edge determined by the value of the tool wear limit and made of a material whose electrical conductivity is higher than the electrical conductivity of the cutting plate material, characterized in that, in order to expand technological capabilities and simplify the design, the control element is made in the form of a non-continuous layer in the body of the cutting insert predominantly essentially multi-petal form.

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