RU2021739C1 - Method for preparing fodder product for animal animals and poultry - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fodder production. SUBSTANCE: method involves the use of milk proteins, fat base, antioxidant, microelements followed by preparing a milk mixture, condensing it, producing a protein-fat emulsion, mixing and drying the components. Milk mixture is prepared from fat-free milk and cheese or quark, or casein whey. The relation of dry matter of fat-free milk to milk whey is 20-25:75-80 %. Quark or casein whey are condensed separately. Milk mixture is prepared from separately condensed fat-free milk ad whey. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of dairy industry, the production of feed for farm animals and birds, and can be used for partial replacement and enrichment of animal feed.

 Known methods for producing dry substitutes for skim milk, which by the method of preparation and composition are closest to the proposed feed product.

A known method of obtaining a dry milk product (SMP). In the production of SMP, skim milk and cheese whey are used. The solids ratio of skim milk and cheese whey is 35-65%. Method of production includes acceptance, pasteurization and cooling of raw materials, composition of the mixture, thickening, drying, cooling, packaging and storage. The method of obtaining the NSR includes the preparation of a mixture of skim milk and whey, their joint thickening, which is possible only in the case of using cheese whey. Indeed, in the dairy industry, the problem is the unused huge quantities of curd and casein whey, which, due to their increased acidity (70-75 ^o T), are not widely used.

 The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention, ie, the prototype, is a method of producing a dry milk product "Belact".

The specified product is produced by drying non-spray or roller dryers condensed mixture of skim milk and sour milk whey (curd or casein). In Belakte-1, the solids ratio of skim milk and whey is 30: 70%. Compared with SMP, the Belacta-1 production method allows the use of more whey and not only cheese, but also acid. The method of obtaining "Belacta-1" includes the acceptance of raw materials, pasteurization and cooling of skim milk, deoxidation and cooling of whey, makes up the mixture and storage. In general, the method for producing Belact is similar to the method for producing SMP. In an aspect deoxidation serum, carried out in stationary conditions or in a stream of 20-40% solution of sodium hydroxide to acidity of no more than ^about 22 T. deoxidation operation in "Belakte" time-consuming, and the combined concentration of skim milk and whey deoxidized with increasing temperature up to 63 ^o C causes denaturation of whey proteins. Both NSR and Belact-1 are intended to replace skimmed milk powder. They contain no fat, which reduces the energy value of feed products.

 The purpose of the invention is the saving of skim milk and reducing the pollution of wastewater by serum.

 To achieve this goal in a known method using proteins of milk origin, a fat base, an antioxidant and microelements, including preparing the milk mixture, thickening it, obtaining a protein-fat emulsion, mixing and drying them, the milk mixture is prepared from skim milk and cheese or cottage cheese, or casein whey. The solids ratio of skim milk and whey is 25: 75-20: 80%. Skim milk, curd or casein whey are concentrated separately.

 In the USA, Germany, Great Britain, and the Netherlands, between 50 and 95% of the whey obtained in the production is processed in industry, and in our country - about 50%.

 Huge volumes of whey remain unused, while skim milk is not enough for food. The current situation in the dairy industry allows the creation of new feed products with the maximum amount of whey, including acidic.

 From the table it is seen that the main component of whey solids is lactose, which is more than 70%.

 In the proposed method, the solids of skim milk are 20, 25%, and the solids of whey are 80, 75%, respectively. Complete replacement of skim milk with milk whey is not possible due to the very high lactose content in the finished product. At 15% solids of skim milk, whey solids make up 85%. Even with such a ratio of solids of skim milk and whey, an increased level of lactose in the dry product causes diarrhea, which leads to a decrease in the gain in live weight of calves and a decrease in the milk productivity of cows. With an increase in the whey solids content in the milk mixture of more than 80%, for example, to 85 or 90%, the drying of the product becomes more difficult, the content of minerals in the finished feed product increases, which increases urination in agricultural animals, which is undesirable. On the other hand, to increase the mass fraction of skim milk solids in the milk mixture by more than 25%, for example up to 30%, as in Belakte-1 or up to 35%, as in the analogue of the NSR, it makes no sense, since our goal is to save skim milk .

 In the proposed method, skim milk is saved by introducing an additional amount of whey. The same factor leads to a decrease in the pollution of wastewater by serum. Drying the milk mixture from separately condensed skim milk and whey (cottage cheese, casein) can significantly intensify this process, since spray drying of the product is facilitated. Separately, the thickening of whey eliminates the technological operation of its deoxidation before thickening in comparison with the prototype.

 Comparisons of the productivity of calves, piglets and birds showed that feeding a new feed product allowed to obtain an average daily gain in live weight of calves higher by 24.5%, piglets - by 23.2%, and egg production of laying hens increased by 20%. Saved 30-40% of feed, which can additionally feed the young.

 Thus, each distinguishing feature is essential, necessary, and together with the well-known common essential features of the prototype, they are sufficient to achieve the goal.

 Since the search did not find technical solutions containing features similar to the distinctive features of the claimed technical solution, the claimed invention meets the criterion of "significant differences".

EXAMPLES EXAMPLE 1 For the preparation of infant formula is used skim milk, pasteurized at 87 ^{° C} with an exposure of 15 s and cheese whey, pasteurized at 72 ^{° C} with 15 hours exposure, which, after pasteurisation is cooled to 8 ° ^C. The capacitance equipped with a stirrer and a measuring device, 2094 kg of skim milk and 14068 kg of whey whey are sent (the ratio of solids of skim milk and whey whey is 20: 80%). After stirring, the milk mixture is fed to the condensation in a vacuum evaporator. For prevention of denaturation of proteins condensation is carried out at a temperature of 63 ^{° C} to a mass fraction of solids of 40%.

The thickened milk mixture at 60 ° ^C are introduced 110 kg of bone molten fat, 0.02 kg antioxidant santohina and 7 kg of phosphatide concentrate. Protein-fat emulsion is obtained using a rotary dispersant. Before drying, 0.1 kg of manganese sulfate, 0.02 kg of cobalt sulfate and 0.012 kg of magnesium sulfate are added to a well-mixed mixture. Trace elements are introduced in the form of salt solutions. Each salt is dissolved separately in a small amount of warm drinking water. After stirring, the thickened mixture is fed to spray drying.

The yield of dry feed product to calves is 1000 kg. The product is characterized by the following indicators,%: fat 10, moisture 5, protein 18. The acidity of the recovered product is 22 ^about T, solubility is 0.8 cm ^{3 of} crude sediment.

PRI me R 2. For the preparation of the milk mixture using pasteurized and chilled skim milk and curd whey. For a separate condensation on vacuum evaporators, 2617 kg of skim milk and 13189 kg of curd whey are required (the ratio of solids of skim milk and curd whey is 25: 75%). Curd whey is served for thickening at a temperature of 63 ^about C and thicken to a mass fraction of solids of 35%.

The milk mixture is prepared from condensed skim milk and curd whey by mixing them. The thickened mixture was stirred at 60 ^C. 5 kg of molten make cooking oil, antioxidant santohina 0.01 kg and 4 kg of phosphatide concentrate. Protein-fat emulsion is obtained using a rotary dispersant or other dispersing device. Before drying, 0.1 kg of iron sulfate, 0.03 kg of copper sulfate, 0.1 kg of manganese sulfate and 0.01 kg of zinc sulfate are added to a well-mixed mixture. After stirring, the thickened mixture is fed to a spray dryer.

The yield of dry feed product to piglets is 1000 kg. The product is characterized by the following indicators,%: fat 5, moisture 5, protein 18. The acidity of the recovered product is 22 ^about T, solubility is 0.8 cm ^{3 of} crude sediment.

PRI me R 3. For the milk mixture requires 2617 kg of skim milk and 13189 kg of casein whey (the ratio of solids of skim milk and casein whey is 25: 27%). Casein whey is concentrated on a vacuum evaporator at 63 ^{° C} until the mass fraction of solids of 35%. The milk mixture is prepared from separately condensed skim milk and casein whey. The milk mixture at 60 ^C. 3 kg of make molten confectionery fat 0.006 kg antioxidant santohina, 2 kg of phosphatide concentrate. Protein-fat emulsion is obtained using any dispersing device. After drying, 0.14 kg of iron sulfate, 0.05 kg of copper sulfate, 0.05 kg of manganese sulfate, 0.001 kg of potassium iodide and 0.065 kg of sodium chloride are added to a well-mixed mixture. After stirring, the thickened mixture is fed to spray drying.

The yield of dry feed for birds is 1000 kg. The product is characterized by the following indicators,%: fat 3, moisture 5, protein 18. The acidity of the recovered product is 22 ^about T, solubility is 0.8 cm ^{3 of} crude sediment.

 Feasibility or other effectiveness of the invention: saving skim milk - 1.59 tons per 1 ton of dry feed product; when feeding agricultural animals with a new feed product per year, you can get an additional 81 kg of pork and 25.2 eggs per animal head; serum wastewater contamination is significantly reduced.

Claims (1)

 METHOD FOR PRODUCING FODDER PRODUCT FOR AGRICULTURAL ANIMALS AND BIRDS, which involves preparing the milk mixture from skim milk and whey, thickening the components of the mixture, mixing with the fat component to obtain a protein-fat emulsion and drying, characterized in that skimmed milk-skimmed milk and milk 20 - 25: 75 - 80.

Images