RU2019142630A - GAS LIQUIDATION SYSTEM AND METHOD USING HYBRID HEAT EXCHANGE - Google Patents

GAS LIQUIDATION SYSTEM AND METHOD USING HYBRID HEAT EXCHANGE Download PDF

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RU2019142630A
RU2019142630A RU2019142630A RU2019142630A RU2019142630A RU 2019142630 A RU2019142630 A RU 2019142630A RU 2019142630 A RU2019142630 A RU 2019142630A RU 2019142630 A RU2019142630 A RU 2019142630A RU 2019142630 A RU2019142630 A RU 2019142630A
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heat
heat exchanger
heat exchange
process fluid
ambient air
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RU2019142630A
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Russian (ru)
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Кристофер Пол АЛЛЕН
Стивен Джеймс ЭЛЛИС
Борис Эдвард ЭРТЛ
Роберт Уилсон РОБИНСОН
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Бп Эксплорейшн Оперейтинг Компани Лимитед
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Publication of RU2019142630A publication Critical patent/RU2019142630A/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/007—Primary atmospheric gases, mixtures thereof
    • F25J1/0072—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0204—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow SCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0205—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level SCR refrigeration cascade
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F25J1/0288—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion of the refrigerant, so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0294—Multiple compressor casings/strings in parallel, e.g. split arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0296—Removal of the heat of compression, e.g. within an inter- or afterstage-cooler against an ambient heat sink
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/60—Natural gas or synthetic natural gas [SNG]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/12—External refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/14—External refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
    • F25J2270/16—External refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop with mutliple gas expansion loops of the same refrigerant

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (38)

1. Система сжижения для отвода тепла от технологической текучей среды для ее конденсации, содержащая:1. A liquefaction system for removing heat from the process fluid for its condensation, comprising: первичный теплообменник, выполненный с возможностью отвода тепла от технологической текучей среды путем теплообмена с одним или более хладагентов,a primary heat exchanger configured to remove heat from the process fluid by heat exchange with one or more refrigerants, компрессор, выполненный с возможностью сжатия одного или более хладагентов,a compressor capable of compressing one or more refrigerants, первый вторичный теплообменник, выполненный с возможностью отвода тепла от одного или более хладагентов путем теплообмена с окружающим воздухом, иa first secondary heat exchanger configured to remove heat from one or more refrigerants by heat exchange with ambient air, and второй вторичный теплообменник, выполненный с возможностью отвода тепла от одного или более хладагентов путем теплообмена с окружающей водой.a second secondary heat exchanger configured to remove heat from one or more refrigerants by heat exchange with ambient water. 2. Система сжижения по п. 1, в которой первый вторичный теплообменник и второй вторичный теплообменник расположены последовательно.2. The liquefaction system of claim 1, wherein the first secondary heat exchanger and the second secondary heat exchanger are arranged in series. 3. Система сжижения по п. 2, дополнительно содержащая:3. The liquefaction system according to claim 2, further comprising: третий вторичный теплообменник, выполненный с возможностью отвода тепла от одного или более хладагентов путем теплообмена с окружающим воздухом, иa third secondary heat exchanger configured to remove heat from one or more refrigerants by heat exchange with ambient air, and четвертый вторичный теплообменник, выполненный с возможностью отвода тепла от одного или более хладагентов путем теплообмена с окружающей водой.a fourth secondary heat exchanger configured to remove heat from one or more refrigerants by heat exchange with ambient water. 4. Система сжижения по п. 2, в которой компрессор расположен по потоку перед первым вторичным теплообменником и вторым вторичным теплообменником.4. The liquefaction system of claim 2, wherein the compressor is located upstream of the first secondary heat exchanger and the second secondary heat exchanger. 5. Система сжижения по п. 1, в которой первый вторичный теплообменник выполнен с возможностью отвода тепла от первой части одного или более хладагентов, а второй вторичный теплообменник выполнен с возможностью отвода тепла от второй части одного или более хладагентов.5. The liquefaction system of claim 1, wherein the first secondary heat exchanger is configured to remove heat from a first portion of one or more refrigerants, and the second secondary heat exchanger is configured to remove heat from a second portion of one or more refrigerants. 6. Система сжижения по п. 1, в которой первичный теплообменник содержит первый канал для прохождения текучей среды, сообщающийся по текучей среде с первым вторичным теплообменником, выполненным с возможностью отвода тепла в окружающий воздух, и второй канал для прохождения текучей среды, сообщающийся по текучей среде со вторым вторичным теплообменником, выполненным с возможностью отвода тепла в окружающую воду.6. The liquefaction system of claim 1, wherein the primary heat exchanger comprises a first fluid passage in fluid communication with a first secondary heat exchanger configured to remove heat to ambient air, and a second fluid passage in fluid communication environment with a second secondary heat exchanger configured to remove heat into the surrounding water. 7. Система сжижения по п. 1, дополнительно содержащая:7. The liquefaction system according to claim 1, further comprising: первый теплообменник, расположенный по потоку перед первичным теплообменником и выполненный с возможностью отвода тепла от технологической текучей среды путем теплообмена с окружающим воздухом, иa first heat exchanger located upstream of the primary heat exchanger and configured to remove heat from the process fluid by heat exchange with ambient air, and второй теплообменник, расположенный по потоку перед первичным теплообменником и выполненный с возможностью отвода тепла от технологической текучей среды путем теплообмена с окружающей водой.a second heat exchanger located upstream of the primary heat exchanger and configured to remove heat from the process fluid by heat exchange with ambient water. 8. Система сжижения по п. 7, в которой первый теплообменник и второй теплообменник расположены последовательно.8. The liquefaction system of claim. 7, wherein the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are arranged in series. 9. Система сжижения по п. 8, в которой первый теплообменник, выполненный с возможностью отвода тепла от технологической текучей среды путем теплообмена с окружающим воздухом, расположен по потоку перед вторым теплообменником, выполненным с возможностью отвода тепла от технологической текучей среды путем теплообмена с окружающей водой.9. The liquefaction system of claim 8, wherein the first heat exchanger configured to remove heat from the process fluid by heat exchange with ambient air is located upstream of the second heat exchanger configured to remove heat from the process fluid by heat exchange with ambient water ... 10. Способ сжижения технологической текучей среды с использованием хладагента, включающий:10. A method for liquefying a process fluid using a refrigerant, including: (а) передачу тепла от технологической текучей среды хладагенту в первичном теплообменнике,(a) transferring heat from the process fluid to the refrigerant in the primary heat exchanger, (б) вывод потока хладагента из первичного теплообменника,(b) withdrawing the refrigerant stream from the primary heat exchanger, (в) сжатие потока хладагента после этапа (б), и(c) compressing the refrigerant stream after step (b), and (г) отвод тепла от технологической текучей среды посредством первого теплообменника, выполненного с возможностью осуществления теплообмена с окружающим воздухом, и второго теплообменника, выполненного с возможностью осуществления теплообмена с окружающей водой.(d) removing heat from the process fluid by means of a first heat exchanger configured to heat exchange with ambient air and a second heat exchanger configured to heat exchange with ambient water. 11. Способ по п. 10, в котором первый теплообменник и второй теплообменник расположены последовательно.11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are arranged in series. 12. Способ по п. 11, в котором этап (г) включает:12. The method of claim 11, wherein step (d) comprises: непосредственный отвод тепла от технологической текучей среды путем теплообмена между технологической текучей средой и окружающим воздухом, обеспечиваемого первым теплообменником, иdirectly removing heat from the process fluid by heat exchange between the process fluid and ambient air provided by the first heat exchanger, and непосредственный отвод тепла от технологической текучей среды путем теплообмена между технологической текучей средой и окружающей водой, обеспечиваемого вторым теплообменником.direct removal of heat from the process fluid by heat exchange between the process fluid and the surrounding water provided by a second heat exchanger. 13. Способ по п. 11, дополнительно включающий использование третьего теплообменника, не расположенного последовательно с первым и вторым теплообменниками.13. The method of claim 11, further comprising using a third heat exchanger not in series with the first and second heat exchangers. 14. Способ по п. 11, в котором этап (г) включает:14. The method of claim 11, wherein step (d) comprises: опосредованный отвод тепла от технологической текучей среды путем теплообмена между хладагентом и окружающим воздухом, обеспечиваемого первым теплообменником, иindirectly removing heat from the process fluid by heat exchange between the refrigerant and the ambient air provided by the first heat exchanger, and опосредованный отвод тепла от технологической текучей среды путем теплообмена между хладагентом и окружающей водой, обеспечиваемого вторым теплообменником.indirect heat removal from the process fluid by heat exchange between the refrigerant and the surrounding water provided by the second heat exchanger. 15. Способ по п. 14, дополнительно включающий:15. The method of claim 14, further comprising: опосредованный отвод тепла от технологической текучей среды путем теплообмена между хладагентом и окружающим воздухом, обеспечиваемого третьим теплообменником, иindirectly removing heat from the process fluid by heat exchange between the refrigerant and the ambient air provided by a third heat exchanger, and опосредованный отвод тепла от технологической текучей среды путем теплообмена между хладагентом и окружающей водой, обеспечиваемого четвертым теплообменником.indirect heat removal from the process fluid by heat exchange between the refrigerant and the surrounding water provided by the fourth heat exchanger. 16. Способ по п. 15, в котором третий теплообменник и четвертый теплообменник расположены последовательно.16. The method of claim 15, wherein the third heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger are arranged in series. 17. Способ по п. 16, в котором третий и четвертый теплообменники не расположены последовательно с первым и вторым теплообменниками и отводят тепло от части одного или более хладагентов, имеющих температуру, отличную от температуры другой части одного или более хладагентов, от которой отводят тепло первый и второй теплообменники.17. The method according to claim. 16, in which the third and fourth heat exchangers are not arranged in series with the first and second heat exchangers and remove heat from a part of one or more refrigerants having a temperature different from the temperature of another part of one or more refrigerants, from which the first heat is removed and a second heat exchanger. 18. Способ по п. 10, в котором первый теплообменник и второй теплообменник не функционируют последовательно.18. The method of claim 10, wherein the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger do not operate in series. 19. Способ по п. 10, включающий обеспечение функционирования системы гибридного охлаждения для осуществления теплообмена с окружающим воздухом, но не с окружающей водой, обеспечение функционирования системы гибридного охлаждения для осуществления теплообмена с окружающей водой, но не с окружающим воздухом, либо обеспечение функционирования системы гибридного охлаждения для осуществления теплообмена с окружающим воздухом и теплообмена с окружающей водой.19. The method according to claim 10, including ensuring the operation of the hybrid cooling system for heat exchange with ambient air, but not with the surrounding water, ensuring the operation of the hybrid cooling system for heat exchange with the surrounding water, but not with the ambient air, or ensuring the functioning of the hybrid system. cooling for heat exchange with ambient air and heat exchange with ambient water. 20. Способ по п. 10, включающий обеспечение функционирования системы гибридного охлаждения для осуществления теплообмена с окружающей водой и теплообмена с окружающим воздухом, когда температура окружающего воздуха превышает температуру окружающей воды, и обеспечение функционирования системы гибридного охлаждения для осуществления теплообмена с окружающим воздухом, но не с окружающей водой, когда температура окружающего воздуха не превышает температуру окружающей воды и/или когда температура воды находится ниже минимального рабочего значения.20. The method according to claim 10, comprising providing a hybrid cooling system for heat exchange with ambient water and heat exchange with ambient air when the ambient temperature is higher than the ambient water temperature, and providing a hybrid cooling system for heat exchange with ambient air, but not with ambient water when the ambient air temperature does not exceed the ambient water temperature and / or when the water temperature is below the minimum operating value.
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