RU2019140617A - Способ и устройство для разделения воздуха криогенной дистилляцией - Google Patents
Способ и устройство для разделения воздуха криогенной дистилляцией Download PDFInfo
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- RU2019140617A RU2019140617A RU2019140617A RU2019140617A RU2019140617A RU 2019140617 A RU2019140617 A RU 2019140617A RU 2019140617 A RU2019140617 A RU 2019140617A RU 2019140617 A RU2019140617 A RU 2019140617A RU 2019140617 A RU2019140617 A RU 2019140617A
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- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- air
- compressor
- column
- liquid
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 15
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 title claims 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 11
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 claims 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
- F25J1/0015—Nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
- F25J1/0037—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work of a return stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
- F25J1/0224—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0234—Integration with a cryogenic air separation unit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
- F25J3/04054—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
- F25J3/0406—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/04084—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
- F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
- F25J3/04181—Regenerating the adsorbents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04218—Parallel arrangement of the main heat exchange line in cores having different functions, e.g. in low pressure and high pressure cores
- F25J3/04224—Cores associated with a liquefaction or refrigeration cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04278—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using external refrigeration units, e.g. closed mechanical or regenerative refrigeration units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
- F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/04339—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/04339—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of air
- F25J3/04345—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of air and comprising a gas work expansion loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/04351—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/04351—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
- F25J3/04357—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen and comprising a gas work expansion loop
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- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
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- F25J3/04503—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist by exchanging "cold" between at least two different cryogenic liquids, e.g. independently from the main heat exchange line of the air fractionation and/or by using external alternating storage systems
- F25J3/04509—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist by exchanging "cold" between at least two different cryogenic liquids, e.g. independently from the main heat exchange line of the air fractionation and/or by using external alternating storage systems within the cold part of the air fractionation, i.e. exchanging "cold" within the fractionation and/or main heat exchange line
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- F25J3/04503—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist by exchanging "cold" between at least two different cryogenic liquids, e.g. independently from the main heat exchange line of the air fractionation and/or by using external alternating storage systems
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- F25J3/04678—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser cooled by oxygen enriched liquid from high pressure column bottoms
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- F25J3/04721—Producing pure argon, e.g. recovered from a crude argon column
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- F25J2200/06—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flow-sheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
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- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
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Claims (27)
1. Способ разделения воздуха криогенной дистилляцией в системе колонн, содержащей первую колонну и вторую колонну, работающую при более низком давлении, чем первая колонна, включающий этапы:
i) сжатия всего подаваемого воздуха в первом компрессоре (6) до первого давления на выходе, превышающего не более чем на один бар давление первой колонны, и предпочтительно по сути равного ему,
ii) направления первой части воздуха (505) при первом давлении на выходе во второй компрессор (230) и сжатия воздуха до второго давления на выходе,
iii) охлаждения и конденсации по меньшей мере части воздуха при втором давлении на выходе в теплообменнике (5),
iv) направления газового потока воздуха при первом давлении на выходе в систему колонн без применения более сильного сжатия, и разделения воздуха в системе колонн,
v) выпускания жидкости из колонны системы колонн, приложения давления к жидкости и испарения жидкости (38) посредством теплообмена в теплообменнике, и
vi) уменьшения давления по меньшей мере фракции охлажденного и сконденсированного воздуха от второго давления на выходе до по меньшей мере третьего давления, по меньшей мере частичного испарения указанного воздуха (107A, 107B, 107C) в теплообменнике при по меньшей мере третьем давлении, при этом третье давление является промежуточным между первым давлением на выходе и вторым давлением на выходе, необязательного нагревания указанного по меньшей мере частично испаренного воздуха в теплообменнике, отличающийся тем, что по меньшей мере испаренную часть этого воздуха направляют во второй компрессор (230) с целью сжатия до второго давления на выходе.
2. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что уменьшение давления проводят в по меньшей мере одном клапане (116A,116B,116C).
3. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что уменьшение давления проводят в по меньшей мере одной турбине с выполнением работы.
4. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что температура по меньшей мере фракции перед уменьшением давления меньше, чем сумма температуры испарения жидкости и минимального температурного перепада в теплообменнике.
5. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что второй компрессор представляет собой многоступенчатый компрессор.
6. Способ по п. 5, отличающийся тем, что указанное по меньшей мере третье давление представляет собой по меньшей мере давление на входе одной из ступеней второго компрессора.
7. Способ по любому из предыдущих пунктов, отличающийся тем, что ступень второго компрессора приводится в движение прибором для уменьшения давления по отношению к текучей среде в способе.
8. Способ по п. 7, отличающийся тем, что температура на входе прибора для уменьшения давления меньше, чем температура окружающей среды.
9. Способ по любому из предыдущих пунктов, отличающийся тем, что по меньшей мере одна ступень второго компрессора имеет температуру всасывания, которая меньше, чем температура окружающей среды.
10. Способ по п. 9, отличающийся тем, что температура всасывания больше, чем температура испарения жидкости, но близка к ней.
11. Способ по любому из предыдущих пунктов, отличающийся тем, что жидкость представляет собой поток, обогащенный кислородом.
12. Способ по любому из предыдущих пунктов, отличающийся тем, что жидкость представляет собой поток, обогащенный азотом.
13. Способ по любому из предыдущих пунктов, отличающийся тем, что производственный поток конечного жидкого продукта или продуктов не превышает 10% от подаваемого воздуха, предпочтительно не превышает 5% от подаваемого воздуха.
14. Устройство для разделения воздуха криогенной дистилляцией в системе колонн, содержащей первую колонну и вторую колонну, работающую при более низком давлении, чем первая колонна, дополнительно содержащее:
i) первый компрессор (6) для сжатия подаваемого воздуха до первого давления на выходе, превышающего давление первой колонны не более чем на один бар,
ii) средство для направления очищенного и охлажденного воздуха из первого компрессора при первом давлении в систему колонн с целью разделения в ней,
iii) второй компрессор (230) и средство для направления первой части воздуха при первом давлении на выходе из первого компрессора во второй компрессор с целью сжатия воздуха до второго давления на выходе,
iv) теплообменник (5), в котором по меньшей мере часть воздуха при втором давлении на выходе охлаждают и конденсируют,
v) средство для удаления жидкости из колонны системы колонн, средство (37) для повышения давления жидкости, средство для направления жидкости под давлением в теплообменник и средство для удаления испаренной жидкости из теплообменника, и
vi) средство для уменьшения давления фракции воздуха, охлажденного и сконденсированного при втором давлении на выходе, средство для направления указанного воздуха под уменьшенным давлением в теплообменник, отличающееся тем, что содержит средство для направления по меньшей мере части указанного воздуха под уменьшенным давлением, который был испарен в теплообменнике при по меньшей мере третьем давлении, промежуточном между первым и вторым давлениями на выходе, из теплообменника во второй компрессор с целью его сжатия до второго давления на выходе.
15. Устройство по п. 14, отличающееся тем, что средство для уменьшения давления представляет собой клапан или турбину.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1754619A FR3066809B1 (fr) | 2017-05-24 | 2017-05-24 | Procede et appareil pour la separation de l'air par distillation cryogenique |
FR1754624A FR3062197B3 (fr) | 2017-05-24 | 2017-05-24 | Procede et appareil pour la separation de l'air par distillation cryogenique |
FR1754624 | 2017-05-24 | ||
FR1754619 | 2017-05-24 | ||
PCT/FR2018/051201 WO2018215716A1 (fr) | 2017-05-24 | 2018-05-18 | Procédé et appareil pour la séparation de l'air par distillation cryogénique |
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RU2019140617A true RU2019140617A (ru) | 2021-06-10 |
RU2019140617A3 RU2019140617A3 (ru) | 2021-07-19 |
RU2761562C2 RU2761562C2 (ru) | 2021-12-09 |
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EP (1) | EP3631327B1 (ru) |
CN (1) | CN110678710B (ru) |
FR (2) | FR3066809B1 (ru) |
RU (1) | RU2761562C2 (ru) |
WO (1) | WO2018215716A1 (ru) |
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CN114174747B (zh) * | 2019-07-26 | 2024-05-28 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | 用于通过低温蒸馏分离空气的方法和设备 |
CN111928511B (zh) * | 2020-08-07 | 2021-09-07 | 西安西热节能技术有限公司 | 基于压缩机中间吸气的液化空气储能调峰系统和方法 |
FR3119226B1 (fr) | 2021-01-25 | 2023-05-26 | Lair Liquide Sa Pour Letude Et Lexploitation De | Procede et appareil de separation d’air par distillation cryogenique |
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DE460927C (de) * | 1922-05-27 | 1928-06-09 | Arthur Seligmann Dr Ing | Verfahren zur Verfluessigung und Trennung schwer kondensierbarer Gase und Gasgemische unter Zuhilfenahme aeusserer Arbeitsleistung |
GB2080929B (en) * | 1980-07-22 | 1984-02-08 | Air Prod & Chem | Producing gaseous oxygen |
JPH0455682A (ja) * | 1990-06-22 | 1992-02-24 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 空気分離装置 |
JP3213846B2 (ja) * | 1991-01-25 | 2001-10-02 | 日本酸素株式会社 | 超臨界ガスの液化方法及び装置 |
US5379598A (en) | 1993-08-23 | 1995-01-10 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Cryogenic rectification process and apparatus for vaporizing a pumped liquid product |
US5475980A (en) | 1993-12-30 | 1995-12-19 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process and installation for production of high pressure gaseous fluid |
FR2721383B1 (fr) | 1994-06-20 | 1996-07-19 | Maurice Grenier | Procédé et installation de production d'oxygène gazeux sous pression. |
GB9513766D0 (en) * | 1995-07-06 | 1995-09-06 | Boc Group Plc | Air separation |
DE19526785C1 (de) * | 1995-07-21 | 1997-02-20 | Linde Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur variablen Erzeugung eines gasförmigen Druckprodukts |
US5901576A (en) | 1998-01-22 | 1999-05-11 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Single expander and a cold compressor process to produce oxygen |
FR2777641B1 (fr) | 1998-04-21 | 2000-05-19 | Air Liquide | Procede et installation de distillation d'air avec production d'argon |
US6006545A (en) * | 1998-08-14 | 1999-12-28 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes | Liquefier process |
DE59909750D1 (de) * | 1999-07-05 | 2004-07-22 | Linde Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
US6626008B1 (en) | 2002-12-11 | 2003-09-30 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cold compression cryogenic rectification system for producing low purity oxygen |
CN101000191A (zh) | 2006-01-11 | 2007-07-18 | 王冬雷 | 一种带制氮保鲜功能的冰箱、冰柜 |
JP4313389B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-13 | 2009-08-12 | 大陽日酸株式会社 | ヘリウム精製装置の運転方法 |
RU2433363C1 (ru) * | 2007-08-10 | 2011-11-10 | Л'Эр Ликид, Сосьете Аноним Пур Л'Этюд Э Л'Эксплуатасьон Де Проседе Жорж Клод | Способ и аппарат для разделения воздуха с помощью криогенной дистилляции |
CN101482336A (zh) * | 2008-05-28 | 2009-07-15 | 上海启元空分技术发展有限公司 | 用于空气分离的压缩节流制冷方法 |
EP2249128A1 (de) * | 2009-05-08 | 2010-11-10 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Messanordnung und Verfahren zur Erfassung des Fluidstroms der Sumpfflüssigkeit in einer Luftzerlegungsanlage |
DE102009048456A1 (de) * | 2009-09-21 | 2011-03-31 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
EP2600090B1 (de) * | 2011-12-01 | 2014-07-16 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Drucksauerstoff durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
FR2995393B1 (fr) * | 2012-09-12 | 2014-10-03 | Air Liquide | Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique. |
EP2963367A1 (de) * | 2014-07-05 | 2016-01-06 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft mit variablem Energieverbrauch |
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- 2018-05-18 CN CN201880033702.6A patent/CN110678710B/zh active Active
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FR3062197A3 (fr) | 2018-07-27 |
RU2019140617A3 (ru) | 2021-07-19 |
EP3631327A1 (fr) | 2020-04-08 |
CN110678710A (zh) | 2020-01-10 |
CN110678710B (zh) | 2021-12-10 |
EP3631327B1 (fr) | 2021-06-23 |
FR3062197B3 (fr) | 2019-05-10 |
FR3066809A1 (fr) | 2018-11-30 |
FR3066809B1 (fr) | 2020-01-31 |
RU2761562C2 (ru) | 2021-12-09 |
WO2018215716A1 (fr) | 2018-11-29 |
US20200132367A1 (en) | 2020-04-30 |
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