RU2018780C1 - Pistol bullet - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ammunition. SUBSTANCE: pistol cartridge bullet has jacket in the form of a sleeve, casing and steel slug mounted so that its nose part protrudes beyond open part of jacket. Size parameters of the bullet are as follows: bullet length 2.0 to 2.5 d, length of bullet nose portion 0.7 to 1.3 d, length of bullet tail portion 0.1 to 0.5 d, slug length 1.9 to 2.4 d, slug diameter 0.66 to 0.85 d, where d is diameter of the bullet. EFFECT: improved accuracy of firing. 2 cl, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to small arms ammunition intended for firing from pistols and submachine guns and other weapons intended for firing pistol cartridges.

 Currently, one of the most promising and most rational stresses of increasing the combat effectiveness of pistol cartridges is the creation of cartridges with a bullet having optimal ballistic and overall weight characteristics, which ensure the maximum effectiveness of their combat use.

Based on modern requirements, a pistol armor-piercing bullet should provide:
- sufficient stopping effect when firing at short ranges (up to 50 m);
- sufficient lethal effect of the bullet at the effective firing range (up to 200 m);
- penetration of modern personal protective equipment (type 6B2 anti-fragmentation bulletproof vests, 10 mm felt and a 25 mm board behind it at a distance of 50 m);
- recoil momentum of not more than 0.34 ... 0.38 mcg / s to ensure effective firing at a range of 100 ... 200 m from a submachine gun with automatic fire when firing from unstable positions;
- range of a direct shot 200 m with a target height of 0.5 m.

 The characteristics of domestic bullets for pistol cartridges and the most common foreign cartridge "Parabellum" are given in the table.

 Famous domestic and foreign pistol bullet bullets do not penetrate the 6B2 anti-fragmentation bulletproof vest, felt and a 25 mm board behind it even at a distance of 25 m.The TT penetrates the greatest punching effect, which when shot at point-blank pierces the 6B2 bulletproof vest and the board behind it.

 1. At ranges of more than 10 m, the bullet of the cartridge does not penetrate the 6B2 anti-fragmentation bulletproof vest due to the fact that the bullet core has a short length and low weight and, therefore, low energy.

2. The bullet of the TT cartridge has a poor aerodynamic shape due to the lack of a tapering tail and, consequently, a large loss of speed on the trajectory;
3. The bullet of the TT cartridge has a low stopping effect.

The 9 mm bullet for the Makarov pistol cartridge has the following disadvantages:
1. It has a low breakdown effect due to the unsuccessful shape and small length of the steel core and low weight. The bullet does not penetrate the 6B2 anti-fragmentation body armor.

 2. The bullet has a poor accuracy of fire due to the short length of the cylindrical leading part of the bullet 5.75 mm (significantly less than the caliber of the bullet).

 3. The bullet has a poor aerodynamic shape due to the insufficient length of the head and the absence of a tapering tail, which leads to a sharp deterioration in the accuracy of firing at ranges of more than 25 mm, and therefore it is impractical to create a submachine gun for a 9 mm pistol cartridge.

 4. The bullet has an insufficient stopping lethal effect.

 5. The bullet has a short range direct shot (less than 200 m).

 A bullet of a 9 mm Parabellum pistol cartridge with a Chinese steel core does not penetrate the 6B2 anti-fragmentation bulletproof vest.

 6. Due to the absence of a tapering tail section, the bullet has significant velocity losses along the trajectory.

 For the prototype of the invention adopted pistol bullet containing a shell in the form of a glass, a shirt and a steel core, installed with the protrusion of the head part for the open end of the shell.

 The objective of the invention is to create a bullet with high penetration (penetration of a bulletproof vest type 6B2 at ranges up to 50 m) and lethal action, as well as increasing the effective firing range and accuracy of firing of a pistol cartridge bullet while maintaining the dimensions of the cartridge within the dimensions of the pistol cartridges and the recoil momentum of the cartridge in within 0.34 ... 0.38 kgm / s, which allows for effective firing from a submachine gun with automatic fire.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a bullet of a pistol cartridge containing a shell in the form of a glass, a shirt and a steel core installed with the protrusion of the head over the open end of the shell is made with the following size ratios:
total bullet length 2.0-2.5d
bullet head length 0.7 ... 1.3d
bullet tail length 0.1 ... 0.5d
core length 1.9 ... 2.4d
core diameter 0.66 ... 0.84d
The totality of these ratios of the size of the bullet in the sources of patent and scientific and technical information was not found and therefore are new.

 As the results of experimental tests of armor penetration and lethal action on petrolatum blocks show, the bullet provides significantly higher performance compared to all known pistol bullets at the same recoil momentum level, therefore the claimed bullet size ratios are significant.

 The drawing shows the appearance of a 9 mm bullet. The proposed bullet consists of a shell 1, a steel core 2 and a plastic shirt 3.

 These essential features - the ratio of the overall weight parameters of the bullet are interrelated and a change in any of them leads to a loss in the combat properties of the bullet and a decrease in the effective firing range.

 Consider what loss of combat properties of a bullet will occur when changing parameters outside the limits specified in the claims.

 1. The total length of the bullet 2.0 ... 2.5d. Reducing the length of the bullet below 2.0 caliber leads to a decrease in the weight of the bullet, to a deterioration in the external ballistic characteristics of the bullet, a large loss of speed on the trajectory, therefore, to a decrease in the breakdown and destructive effect obtained by turning the bullet in soft tissues, and an increase in drift due to wind. Increasing the length of the bullet more than 2.5 caliber will lead to an increase in the dimensions of the cartridge, the deterioration of the ergonomics of the gun. An increase in the mass of the bullet will lead to an increase in the recoil momentum of the cartridge, which, in turn, will lead to a decrease in the effective firing range, especially when firing automatic fire from unstable positions.

 2. The length of the bullet head is 0.7 ... 1.3d. Reducing the height of the head of the bullet less than 0.7 caliber leads to a deterioration in the external ballistic characteristics of the bullet and a decrease in the breakdown effect of the bullet, especially at long ranges. An increase in the length of the bullet head over 1.3 caliber will lead to a deterioration in the slaughter and stopping action of the bullet, which is one of the defining characteristics of a pistol cartridge.

 3. The length of the tail of the bullet 0.1 ... 0.5d. An increase in the length of the tail of more than 0.5 caliber will lead to a decrease in the cylindrical leading part of the bullet, which, in turn, will lead to a deterioration in the accuracy of fire. Reducing the length of the tail of less than 0.1 caliber will worsen the external ballistic characteristics of the bullet, as well as worsen the assembly technology of the cartridge.

 4. Core length 1.9 ... 2.4d. A decrease in the core length of less than 1.9 caliber leads to a decrease in its mass and, consequently, to a decrease in the breakdown and backward slaughter action. The maximum core length is limited by the total length of the bullet and the thickness of the shell bottom. With an increase in the length of the core of more than 2.4 caliber, the thickness of the bottom and walls of the tail of the shell will decrease, which will lead to a decrease in the pushing effect or even to its loss when the bottom of the shell of the bullet breaks, while both the breakdown and the restraining effect of the bullet are reduced.

 5. Core diameter 0.66 ... 0.85d. When the core diameter is reduced below 0.66 caliber, the backward slaughter action of the bullet decreases, since in this case the diameter of the wound channel decreases. In addition, the mass of the core and its energy after breaking through the barrier are reduced, which also reduces the slaughter effect. An increase in the core diameter over 0.85 caliber leads to a decrease in the thickness of the bullet jacket, which sharply increases the radial stiffness of the bullet and, as a result, increases the wear of the barrel and the separation of the initial velocity of the bullet.

 It is the totality of all the characteristics given in the formula that vary within the specified limits that will ensure high combat characteristics of the bullet that exceed all known bullets of pistol cartridges. Changing the parameters of the bullet beyond the specified limits leads to a significant deterioration in its combat characteristics.

 The described design of the bullet was developed during the development work of "Rook". Theoretical calculations of its characteristics were carried out, as well as prototype cartridges were made and their tests were carried out, which showed the high combat characteristics of the cartridge bullet, surpassing all known pistol cartridges. According to the penetrating effect, the cartridge bullet penetrates 100%: type 6B2 body armor, 10 mm felt and 25 mm pine board at a distance of 50 m; steel sheet made of St3 steel with a thickness of 5 mm at a distance of 40 m. According to the lethal action, the cartridge bullet is superior to domestic pistol cartridges and the Parabellum cartridge with a lead bullet by 1.6 times, and the Colt 11.43 mm cartridge with a lead bullet at assessment of lethal action by firing at petrolatum blocks.

 In terms of accuracy of firing, the bullet exceeds regular bullets by more than 2 times, both at a range of 25 m and at a distance of 100 m, with the same recoil momentum of the cartridge, which will ensure the development of a pistol and submachine gun under this cartridge, significantly exceeding known firing pistols and submachine guns for firing efficiency.

Claims (1)

Pistol bullet containing a shell in the form of a glass, a shirt and a steel core, installed with the protrusion of the head beyond the open end of the shell, characterized in that the bullet is made with the following ratio of the parameters of its elements:
Bullet length (2.0 - 2.5) d
Bullet head length (0.7 - 1.3) d
Bullet tail length (0.1 - 0.5) d
Core length (1.9 - 2.4) d
Core diameter (0.66 - 0.85) d,
where d is the caliber of the bullet.

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