BG64346B1 - Armour-piercing bullet and method for its preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

The armour-piercing bullet is designed for firearms used for the destruction of the enemy manpower. It has increased piercing action and includes an envelope (1) with a head portion (A), a leading portion (B) and a tail portion (C). The envelope (1) also includes a piercing core (3) which is mounted in the head portion (A), so as to protrude therefrom, and which is attached to the inner surface of the tail portion (C) of the said envelope (1), wherein said envelope also includes a sleeve (2). The ratio between the surface areas at the central cross-section of the core (3) and the bullet ranges from 0.3 to 0.4, while the ratio between their masses is at least 0.45 and the ratio between the thickness of the envelop (1) in the tail portion (C) and the diameter of the core (3) ranges from 0.1 to 0.2. This invention also relates to a method for manufacturing this armour piercing bullet having a piercing core (3) protruding from the envelope (1), wherein said method involves press-fitting the core (3) with the sleeve (2) into the envelope (1) and crimping the head portion (A) of said envelope (1). While crimping the head portion (A) of the envelope (1), the method also involves simultaneously crimping the tail portion (C) of said envelope (1) about the core (3).

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to small arms ammunition used to inflict on enemy personnel equipped with individual armor.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A pistol bullet is known, consisting of a shell in the form of a cup, a casing and a core, which is mounted with its front part projecting from the end of the shell, whereby the diameter of the core varies from 0.66 to 0.85 of the caliber on the bullet (patent RU 2018780, 1994).

A bulletproof bullet consisting of a shell is known, with a stepped inner surface, a front, a leading part and a tail. A shell and drill core are mounted in the shell, mounted in the front so that it protrudes from there. The core is secured to the sheath on the inner surface of the centering portion and the tail. The sheath is formed stepwise on the outer surface by a protruding guide surface and a drilling centering portion disposed between its guide and end portions, whereby the ratio of the thickness of the sheath to its centering portion to the thickness in its guide portion 5 changes from RU to 2. 2077021, 1997). In the construction of the known bullet (patent RU 2018780, 2077021), the penetration of the armor is performed by a massive core, the diameter of which varies from 0.66 to 0.85 from the caliber of the bullet (core-bullet ratio in the centering section along the length). changing from 0.43 to 0.74). At the same time, the main factor determining the bulletproof ability of the bullet was found to be the specific energy of the core, since the shell and jacket were not involved in the penetration of the barrier.

The disadvantage of the construction of known bullets is the low efficiency in armor combat, determined by linking the parameters of the bullet.

A method of producing non-bullet bullets is known, which involves press-assembling the core with the casing in the sheath and shrinking the front of the sheath (patent US 3069748, 1962).

There is a method of producing armor-piercing bullets, predominantly with a piercing core protruding from the sheath, which involves pressively assembling the core with the sheath in the sheath and shrinking the front of the sheath, whereby the front of the sheath is shrunk simultaneously with its side in the region of the junction of the shell to the core to a smooth transition along the outer surface of the shell and core (patent RU 2082942, 1997).

In the two known methods (US Pat. No. 3069748 and RU 2082942) for the production of armor-piercing bullets with a core projecting from the sheath, the mounting surface of the back of the core is made directly in the sheath. In this case, the core cores are pressed together in the sheath, which causes the front of the bullet to shrink. In the implementation of the method, there is a possibility of creating a gap between the end of the core and the bottom of the shell due to the presence of an air bag, which causes deformation of the shell during firing. The inevitable gap between the casing and the sheath may result in a difference in the casing wall after calibration of the bullet. These defects cause deviation from the ballistic characteristics and decrease the stability of the bullet when flying, which ultimately reduces the bullet penetration capacity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-penetration armor-piercing bullet while retaining size and recoil similar to cartridges of the same type.

From a technical point of view, the solution of the problem is achieved by making a bulletproof bullet containing a stepped shell, which includes the front, guide and rear, and the armor-piercing core mounted thereto is fixed to the inner surface of the rear part of the shell and casing, at a core-to-bullet ratio in the middle section, varying from 0.3 to 0.4, a mass-to-bullet mass ratio of not less than 0.45, a thickness ratio of the shell in the back and the diameter of the core and which changes from 0.1 to 0.2, by a method for the production of armor-piercing bullets with drill core protruding from the shell. The method involves pressively assembling the core with a casing in the sheath and shrinking the front of the sheath. When shrinking the front of the shell, the method also involves simultaneously shrinking the back about the core.

An explanation of the attached figures

The invention is illustrated by the accompanying figures, of which:

Figure 1 is a partial section view of a bullet;

Figure 2 shows the position of the bullet details in the female matrix and the punch before the shrinkage operation;

Figure 3 shows the bullet after the front of the sheath has shrunk around the core;

Figure 4 shows a diagram of the thickness of a punctured steel plate as a function of distance;

Figure 5 shows a flow chart of a temporary impulse cavity in a gelatin block as a function of distance.

Examples of carrying out the invention

The bullet of the structure according to the invention includes a shell 1 (Fig. 1), a casing 2 and a core 3. A distinctive feature of the bullet shell is a step shape consisting of a front part A, a guide part B and a back part C. In the back part of the shell 1 there is an internal cavity on which the core is mounted on the surface. After insertion of the housing 2 with the core 3 in the sheath 1 (Fig. 2), which is in the form of a straight cup, they are placed in the female matrix 4. During movement of the bullet in the female matrix 4, a punch 5 is made. of the front chat of the shell 1 until the moment of closing the shell 1 on the core. The paillonson 5 has an aperture D equal to the sum of the diameter of the core 3 and the double thickness of the shell wall 1. With the additional movement of the punch in the front of the shell, a curved inward shape is obtained and further deformation of the shell is made by shrinking the shell around the back of the core. As a result, a tight and gap-free connection of the shell to the core in the front and back, as well as to the casing, is achieved (Fig. 3).

These essential characteristics with respect to the weight and size characteristics of the bullet are related and a change in any of them leads to a violation of the bulletproof characteristics of the bullet.

1. The ratio of core-to-burst in the middle section varies from 0.3 to 0.4 with their mass ratio not less than 0.45. Reducing the core-bullet ratio in the middle section to less than 0.3 will result in a decrease in the relative mass of the core, due to ballistic restrictions imposed on the length of the bullet, a decrease in the specific energy of the core, and in particular a reduction in armor-piercing.

2. The ratio between the thickness of the back shell and the diameter of the core varies from 0.1 to 0.2. In armor-piercing bullets according to this construction, the main determinant of the bullet's armor-piercing ability is the specific energy of the core. The sheath and the casing have virtually no effect on the barrier piercing, since they are more plastic than the barrier and the core and break down during the collision, thus consuming their kinetic energy. Consequently, the thickness of the sheath in the area where the core is secured must be determined in terms of the resistance of the bullet at the time of firing. The ratio between the thickness of the shell and the core diameter, varying from 0.1 to 0.2, corresponds to that described above. A further increase in the thickness of the shell causes an increase in the passive mass of the bullet, and a decrease leads to the disassembly of the bullet at the moment of firing.

The combination of all the characteristics given in the claim, varying within the specified limits, in combination with the proposed method of producing bullets, provides high armor-piercing characteristics that are 5 better than all known bullets on pistol cartridges.

The bullets of the construction described are made for Makarov pistol cartridges (RM) and are tested by firing on steel plates and gelatin blocks with dimensions 80x80x140 mm. The diagram of the thickness of the pierced steel plate t as a function of the distance L is shown in Figure 4. In this case, the standard cartridge does not pierce the plate with a thickness of 2.4 mm, even with straight aiming. A diagram of the volume V of a temporary impulse cavity (TPC) in a gelatin block with respect to the distance L is shown in Figure 5. The diagram shows that the TPC bullet volume of the proposed structure E is far in excess of the TPC volume of a conventional cartridge F. in this way, the bullet cartridge of the proposed Makarov pistol design far outperforms the conventional bullet and punch cartridge.

Industrial applicability

The bullet of the proposed construction can be used with virtually any type of small arms ammunition, but it is especially effective for ammunition used to hit targets at close and medium range. The described bullet production method can be used for all types of production, from small-scale production to large-scale production of rotating production lines and allows to maintain the tool nomenclature and the amount of manufacturing operations to be processed.

Claims (2)

1. An armor-piercing bullet comprising a stepped shell having a front, leading and rear, a drill core which is mounted in the front so that it protrudes therefrom and is secured to the inner surface of the back of the shell and the casing, characterized in that the core-bullet ratio in the middle section varies from 0.3 to 0.4, while the ratio of their masses is at least 0.45 and the ratio of the thickness of the shell (1) at the rear (C ) and the core diameter (3) varies from 0.1 to 0.2. 2. A method for producing armor-piercing bullets with a punch core protruding from the sheath, which method involves pressively assembling the core with a jacket in the sheath and characterized in that both the front (A) shrinks and the back (C) of the sheath (1) around the core (3).