RU2018004C1 - Free-piston internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engine engineering. SUBSTANCE: engine has at least two same working cylinders 1,2, each of which has working piston 3,4 separating the space of the cylinder into tight working chamber wherein members of distributing mechanism 6 and members of the system for fuel supply 8 are received and tight under-piston space filled with fluid and coupled with under-piston space of the other working cylinder trough connecting main pipe line 5, converter for converting energy of fluid flow to mechanical energy 9, and controller 13 for controlling volume of fluid in the under-piston spaces of the cylinders whose chamber of alternative volume 15 is filled with fluid and tightly coupled with connecting main pipe line 5 of the under- piston spaces. By changing volume of fluid due to changing volume of fluid in the controller working volume of the engine and compression ratio can be altered. It is also possible to use different kinds of fuel without changing design parameters of the engine. EFFECT: improved design. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to piston internal combustion engines, in particular to free-piston internal combustion engines.

 Known free-piston internal combustion engine with hydraulic power transmission. This free-piston internal combustion engine contains working cylinders, each of which contains a working piston dividing the cylinder volume into a working chamber, in which elements of the gas distribution mechanism are installed, including, in particular, the inlet window and exhaust valve, and the elements of the fuel supply system, and a sub-piston cavity formed by a hydraulic cylinder and filled with a working fluid. Piston cavities of the cylinders are connected by a hermetic connecting line, in which a transducer of movement of the working fluid into mechanical energy is installed. The fuel supply system and the engine gas distribution mechanism are connected with a gear gear meshing with a gear rack fixed to the outside of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder. The operating mode of the free piston internal combustion engine is set by the operating mode adjuster connected to the fuel supply system.

 This free-piston internal combustion engine has a constant working volume and compression ratio, and also does not allow changing the type of fuel directly during its operation.

 The aim of the invention is the simultaneous provision in the process of operation of interdependent changes in the working volume, compression ratio and type of fuel to provide the engine operating power necessary for the consumer.

 This goal is achieved in that a free-piston internal combustion engine containing at least two working cylinders, each of which contains a working piston dividing the cylinder volume into a working chamber, in which elements of the gas distribution mechanism and an element of the fuel supply system are installed, and a sealed piston cavity, filled with a working fluid and connected by a sealed connecting line with a piston cavity of another working cylinder, fuel supply system, gas distribution mechanism a unit, an operating mode adjuster, a converter for moving the working fluid into mechanical energy, characterized in that the free-piston internal combustion engine further comprises a volume control of the working fluid of the piston cylinder cavities, the variable-volume chamber of which is filled with the working fluid and hermetically connected to the connecting piston of the piston cavities, and the element adjusting its working volume is connected through an additionally introduced amplifier-converter with a slave mode master you svobodnoporshnevogo internal combustion engine connected to a fuel supply system and a gas distribution mechanism.

 In one of the possible embodiments of the engine, the regulator of the volume of the working fluid of the piston cylinder cavities is made in the form of a cylinder hermetically connected to the connecting line of the piston cavities, inside of which there is a movable piston forming a working chamber filled with working fluid, the other side of the piston is connected to the master of the free piston operating mode internal combustion engine through an amplifier converter.

In FIG. 1 shows one of the possible embodiments of the device, where: 1, 2 - working cylinders, 3, 4 - working pistons, 5 - connecting line, 6-1, 6-2 - intake valves, 7-1, 7-2 - exhaust valves, 8-1, 8-2 - fuel supply element, 9 - transducer of working fluid movement into mechanical energy, 10 - camshaft, 11 - electric motor, 12 - piston, 13 - working fluid volume regulator, 14 - cylinder, 15 - a working chamber, 16 — an amplifier-converter, 17 — an operating mode adjuster, 18 — a fuel supply system. In FIG. 2 shows time diagrams of operating modes of a free piston internal combustion engine,
where V _r.d. - the volume of the working fluid of a free piston internal combustion engine;
V _r. - the volume of the working fluid of the regulator;
V _dv. - the volume of the free piston internal combustion engine;
E is the compression ratio;
N is the power of the free piston internal combustion engine;
V ₁ 'is the conversion factor of the difference in the values of the degrees of compression | (E) _n - (E) _max | in volume;
V ₂ 'is the conversion factor of the difference in the values of the compression ratios | (E) _min - (E) _max | in volume;
0-t ₁ - period of operation at which all engine parameters have a nominal value;
t ₁ -t ₂ is the operation mode in which we increase (V _dv. ) _n to (V _dv. ) _max (Fig. 2, b), while (V _r.zh.r. ) _n increase to (V _{r .zh.r.} ) _max (Fig. 2, a), (V _r.zh.d. ) _n reduce to (V _r.zh.d. ) _min (Fig. 2, a), (N) _n increase to (N) _max (Fig. 2, d), the compression ratio (E) _{n is} not changed (Fig. 2, c), the type of fuel is not changed;
t ₂ -t ₃ - steady state operation, in which V _dv. = (V _dv. ) _Max , V _r. = (V _{r.h. r.} ) _Max , E = (E) _n , V _r.d. = (V _r.zh.d. ) _min , N = (N) _max ;
t ₃ -t ₄ - operating mode in which we do not change the type of fuel, reduce (V _dv. ) _max to (V _dv. ) _min (Fig. 2, b), (V _r.zh.r. ) _max reduce to (V _r.zh.r. ) _min , (V _r.zh.d. ) _min increase to (V _r.zh.d. ) _max (Fig. 2, a), (N) _max decrease to (N) _min (Fig. 2, d), (E) _n = const (Fig. 2, c);
t ₄ -t ₅ - steady state operation, in which V _dv. = (V _{dd.) Min,} V _r.zh.r. = (V _r.zh.r. ) _min , V _r.zh.d. = (V _r.d. ) _max , (E) = (E) _n , N = (N) _min ;
t ₅ -t ₆ - operation mode in which we change the type of fuel, (E) _n increase to (E) _max (Fig. 2, c), (V _r.zh. ) _{R. min} decrease to (V _{r.zh .r.} ) _min - V ₁ '(Fig. 2, a), (V _r.d. ) _max increase to (V _r.d. ) _max + V ₁ ' (Fig. 2, a) , (V _dv. ) _Min = const (Fig. 2, b), (N) _min = const (Fig. 2, d);
t ₆ -t ₇ - steady-state operation at which E = (E) _max , N = (N) _min , V _dv. = = (V _{dd.) Min,} V _r.zh.r. = (V _{r.zh.r.) min} - V ₁ ', V _r.zh.d. = = (V _r.d. ) _max + V ₁ ';
t ₇ -t ₈ - operating mode in which we change the type of fuel, (E) _max decrease to (E) _min (Fig. 2, c), (V _r.zh. ) _{R. min} - V ₁ 'increase to ( V _rg ) _min - V ₁ '+ V ₂ ¹ , (V _r.d. ) _max + V ₁ ' decrease to (V _r.d. ) _max + V ₁ '- V ₂ '(Fig. 2, a), (V _dv. ) = = Const (Fig. 2, b), (N) _min = const (Fig. 2, d);
t ₈ -t ₉ - steady-state operation at which E = (E) _min , V _dv. = (V _{dd.) Min,} V _r.zh.r. = = (V _{r.zh.r.) min} - V ₁ '+ V _2', V _r.zh.d. = (V _r.d. ) _max + + V ₁ '- V ₂ ', N = (N) _min ;
t ₉ -t ₁₀ - operating mode in which we change the type of fuel, (E) _min increase to (E) _max (Fig. 2, c), increase (V _dv. ) _min to (V _dv. ) _max (Fig. 2, b), (V _{r.zh.r.) min} - V ₁ '+ V _2' is increased to (V _{r.zh.r.) max} - V ₁ '+ V _2' - V ₂ ', ie. e. to (V _r.zh.r. ) _max - V ₁ '(Fig. 2, a), (V _r.zh.d. ) _max + V ₁ ' - -V ₂ 'reduce to (V _{r.zh. d.} ) _min + V ₁ '- V ₂ ' + V ₂ ', i.e. to (V _r.zh.d. ) _min + V ₁ '(Fig. 2, a), (N) _min increase to (N) _max (Fig. 2, d);
t ₁₀ -t ₁₁ - steady state operation at which E = (E) _max , V _dv. = (V _dv. ) _Max , V _r. = = (V _{r.h. r.} ) _Max - V ₁ ', V _r. = (V _r.zh.d. ) _min + V ₁ ', N = (N) _max ;
t ₁₁ -t ₁₂ - operating mode in which we change the type of fuel, (E) _max reduce to (E) _n (Fig. 2, c), reduce (V _dv ) _max to (V _dv ) _n (Fig. _2b ), (V _r.h.a. ) _max - V ₁ 'reduce to (V _{r.a. r.h.} ) _n - V ₁ ' + + V ₁ ', i.e. to (V _r.zh.r. ) _n (Fig. 2, a), (V _r.zh.d. ) _min + + V ₁ 'increase to (V _r.zh.d. ) _n + V ₁ ' - V ₂ ', i.e. to (V _r.zh.d. ) _n (Fig. 2, a), (N) _max reduce to (N) _n (Fig. 2, d);
t ₁₂ -t ₁₃ - steady state operation, in which E = (E) _n , V _dv. = (V _dv. ) _N V _r.zh.r. = = (V _r.zh.r. ) _n , V _r.zh.d. = (V _r.zh.d. ) _n , N = (N) _n ;
t ₁₃ -t ₁₄ - operating mode in which we change the type of fuel, (E) _n increase to (E) _max (Fig. 2, c), reduce (V _dv. ) _n to (V _dv. ) _min (Fig. 2, b), (V _{r.zh.r.) H} is reduced to (V _{r.zh.r.) min} - V ₁ '(Figure 2a), (V _{r.zh.d.) n} increases. to (V _r.zh.d. ) _max + + V ₁ '(Fig. 2, a), (N) _{n we} reduce to (N) _min (Fig. 2, d).

 The free piston internal combustion engine (Fig. 1) contains at least two working cylinders 1, 2, two working pistons 3, 4 dividing the volumes of the cylinders 1, 2 into sealed piston cavities filled with working fluid and connected by a sealed connecting line 5, and on sealed working chambers that contain inlet 6-1, 6-2 and outlet 7-1, 7-2 valves; elements 8-1, 8-2 of the fuel supply system, a Converter 9 of the movement of the working fluid into mechanical energy. The operation of the valves 6, 7 is carried out by a camshaft 10, driven by an electric motor 11, the rotational speed of which is synchronized by the position of the movable piston 12 of the regulator 13 of the working fluid volume. The regulator 13 of the volume of the working fluid of the piston cavities of the cylinders 1, 2 contains at least one movable piston 12 located inside the cylinder 14 and forming with the cylinder 14 a working chamber 15 of variable volume, filled with a working fluid and hermetically connected to the connecting line 5 of the piston cavities of the cylinders 1, 2, and the other side of the movable piston 12 is connected through an amplifier-converter 16 with a setpoint 17 of the operating mode of the free-piston internal combustion engine, which is connected to the feed system fuel 18 and the timing mechanism.

Free piston internal combustion engine operates as follows. Operating mode E = const, V _dv. = const. In cylinder 1, combustion of fuel occurs due to self-ignition. Moreover, in cylinder 1, valves 6-1, 7-1 are closed. At this time, in the cylinder 2, the piston 4 is in its lowest position, the working chamber is purged by supplying air through the intake valve 6-2, and the exhaust gases are discharged through the exhaust valve 7-2, driven by the camshaft 10. Piston 3 in cylinder 1 moves downward, displacing the working fluid, which, having performed work in the transducer 9 for moving the working fluid into mechanical energy, acts on the piston 4, forcing it to move upward and compress the gas medium in the cylinder 2 until the compression ratio n will reach the set value set using the movable piston 12 of the regulator 13 of the working fluid volume and the adjuster 17 of the engine operating mode, which acts on the movable piston 12 of the regulator 13 of the working fluid volume through the amplifier-converter 16. Fuel is supplied to the cylinder 2 through the element 8-2 of the system fuel supply 18 when the compression rate reaches the set value E = (E) _n, predetermined setting device 17, the engine operating condition associated with the camshaft 10. at the time of supplying fuel into the cylinder 2 there occurs ignition in cylinder 1 is performed by opening the purging outlet 7-1 and 6-1 of the inlet valve by the camshaft 10, and the process repeats. The piston 12 in the cylinder 14 is stationary.

_C
(1) пропорционален объему V_р.ж.р. рабочей жидкости регулятора 13 (фиг. 2, а, t₁-t₂). Объем V_дв. свободнопоршневого двигателя внутреннего сгорания увеличивается (фиг. 2, б), возросла мощность свободнопоршневого двигателя внутреннего сгорания пропорционально увеличению объема V_дв.свободнопоршневого двигателя внутреннего сгорания (фиг. 2, г, t₁-t₂).Next, we consider the operation in the mode V _dv. = var, N = var, E = const (Fig. 2, t ₁ -t ₂ ). For example, an increase in the power of a free piston internal combustion engine during operation is required. The operating mode adjuster 17 acts on the piston 12, through the amplifier-converter 16, the piston 12 has changed its position relative to the cylinder 14 so that the volume V _r.zh.r. the working fluid of the regulator in the chamber 15 of the regulator of the volume of the working fluid 13 increased, and the volume V _r.d. working fluid free piston internal combustion engine decreased (Fig. 2, a, t ₁ -t ₂ ). The volume of the free piston internal combustion engine Vdv., Based on the formula

_C
(1) is proportional to the volume V _r.zh.r. the working fluid of the regulator 13 (Fig. 2, a, t ₁ -t ₂ ). Volume V _dv. free piston internal combustion engine increases (Fig. 2, b), increased power of the free piston internal combustion engine is proportional to the increase in volume V _dv. free piston internal combustion engine (Fig. 2, g, t ₁ -t ₂ ).

E₂-E

, α=

, где V₁ - объем камеры сгорания при начальной степени сжатия Е₁,
V₂ - объем камеры сгорания при измененной степени сжатия Е₂. Следовательно,
V_дв. = V_р.ж.р. ± V' + C; C = C₂ - C₁ . Режим работы, где V_дв. = var, N = var, E = var, t₉-t₁₀ является комбинацией режимов V_дв.= = var, N = var, E = const, t₁-t₂, и N = const, V_дв. = const, E = var, t₅-t₆. Поясним подробнее. Необходимо одновременно увеличить мощность и степень сжатия свободнопоршневого двигателя внутреннего сгорания (фиг. 2, в, г, t₉-t₁₀). Задатчик режима работы 17 через усилитель-преобразователь 16 воздействует на поршень 12, который относительно цилиндра 14 изменяет свое положение таким образом, что объем V_р.ж.р. рабочей жидкости регулятора в камере 15 увеличивается с (V_р.ж.р.)_min - V₁' + V₂' до (V_р.ж.р.)_max - V₁', т.е. V_р.ж.р. увеличился на ΔV_р.ж.р. - V₂', где
ΔV_р.ж.р. = (V_р.ж.р.)_max - (V_р.ж.р.)_min
(V_р.ж.р.)_min - V₁' + V₂' + ΔV_р.ж.р. - V₂' = =(V_р.ж.р.)_max - V₁' . Увеличение объема V_р.ж.р. рабочей жидкости регулятора на ΔV_р.ж.р.обусловлено увеличением объема V_дв. свободнопоршневого двигателя внутреннего сгорания от (V_дв.)_min до (V_дв.)_max (фиг. 2, а, б, t₉-t₁₀). А уменьшение на величину V₂' обусловлено увеличением степени сжатия от (Е)_min до (E)_max (фиг. 2, в, t₉-t₁₀). Объем V_р.ж.д. рабочей жидкости свободнопоршневого двигателя внутреннего сгорания уменьшается с (V_р.ж.д.)_max + V₁' - V₂' до (V_р.ж.д.)_min + V₁', т.е. V_р.ж.д. уменьшился на ΔV_р.ж.д. - V₂', где ΔV_р.ж.д. = (V_р.ж.д.)_max - -(V_р.ж.д.)_min, (V_р.ж.д.)_max + V₁' - V₂' - (Δ V_р.ж.д.- -V₂') = (V_р.ж.д.)_min + V₁'. Уменьшение объема V_р.ж.д. рабочей жидкости свободнопоршневого двигателя внутреннего сгорания на ΔV_р.ж.д. происходит за счет увеличения V_дв.объема свободнопоршневого двигателя внутреннего сгорания с (V_дв.)_min до (V_дв.)_max (фиг. 2, б, t₉-t₁₀). А вычитание V₂' обусловлено увеличением степени сжатия от (Е)_min до (E)_max (фиг. 2, в, t₉-t₁₀). Режим: V_дв. - снижаем, N - снижаем, Е - снижаем. Необходимо одновременное снижение мощности и степени сжатия до номинальных значений (фиг. 2, в, г, t₁₁-t₁₂). Задатчик режима работы 17 через усилитель-преобразователь 16 воздействует на поршень 12, который относительно цилиндра 14 изменяет свое положение таким образом, что V_р.ж.р. объем рабочей жидкости регулятора уменьшается от (V_р.ж.р.)_max - V₁' до (V_р.ж.р.)_н, т.е. V_р.ж.р. уменьшился на

, где

)

(фиг. 2а, ). А V_р.ж.д. объем рабочей жидкости свободнопоршневого двигателя внутреннего сгорания увеличился до (V_р.ж.д.)_min + V₁' до (V_р.ж.д.)_н. т.е. увеличился на

+V $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{′}}{\text{1}}$ , где

(фиг. 2, а, t₁₁-t₁₂). Следовательно снижается объем двигателя V_дв. (фиг. 2, б, t₁₁-t₁₂), снижается мощность N (фиг. 2, г, t₁₁-t₁₂). Режим: V_дв. - снижаем, N - снижаем, Е - увеличиваем. Необходимо снижение мощности до (N)_min (фиг. 2, в, t₁₃-t₁₄) с одновременным увеличением степени сжатия до (Е)_max(фиг. 2, в, t₁₃-t₁₄). Задатчик режима работы 17 через усилитель-преобразователь 16 воздействует на поршень 12, который относительно цилиндра 14 изменяет свое положение таким образом, что V_р.ж.р. объем рабочей жидкости регулятора снижается от (V_р.ж.р.)_н до (V_р.ж.р.)_min - V1', т.е. V_р.ж.р. уменьшился на

+V $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{′}}{\text{1}}$ , где

(

)_н-(

)_min
(V_р.ж.р.)_н-

+V

= (V_р.ж.р.)_min-V $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{′}}{\text{1}}$ А объем V_р.ж.д. рабочей жидкости свободнопоршневого двигателя внутреннего сгорания увеличился с (V_р.ж.д.)_н до (V_р.ж.д.)_max + V₁', т.е. V_р.ж.д. увеличился на

, где

(фиг. 2, а, t₁₃-t₁₄). Следовательно снижается V_дв. объем свободнопоршневого двигателя внутреннего сгорания (фиг. 2, б, t₁₃-t₁₄). Режим V_дв. - увеличиваем, N - увеличиваем, Е - снижаем аналогичен режиму (фиг. 2, t₁₃-t₁₄).Consider the mode of operation at V _dv. = var, E = const, N = var. Reduced power required. The operating mode adjuster 17 acts on the piston 12 through the amplifier-converter 16, the piston 12 has changed its position relative to the cylinder 14 so that the volume V _r.zh.r. the working fluid of the regulator in the chamber 15 of the regulator of the volume of the working fluid 13 decreased (Fig. 2, a, t ₃ -t ₄ ), the volume of V _d. free piston internal combustion engine also decreased (see formulas 1 and Fig. 2, b, t ₃ -t ₄ ), therefore, the power N decreased (Fig. 2, g, t ₃ -t ₄ ). The operation of the free piston internal combustion engine on different types of fuel. V mode _dv. = const, N = const, E = var, t ₅ -t ₆ . When changing the type of fuel, it is necessary to change the compression ratio E, for example, in the direction of increase and the moment of fuel injection. The operating mode adjuster 17 acts on the feed fuel system and changes the fuel injection moment, and the operating mode adjuster 17 through the amplifier-converter 16 acts on the piston 12, which relative to the cylinder 14 changes its position so that V _r.zh.r. the volume of the working fluid of the regulator in the chamber 15 of the regulator of the volume of the working fluid 13 decreased, therefore, increased V _r.zh.d. the volume of the working fluid of the free piston engine (Fig. 2, a, b, t ₅ -t ₆ , t ₇ -t ₈ ). It is necessary to move from E ₁ to E ₂ , which is equivalent to a change in volume V _r.d. working fluid of a free _piston internal combustion engine and V _r.zh.r. the working fluid of the regulator 13 by the value V 'of the translation of the difference in the values of the degrees of compression | E ₂ - E ₁ | in volume
V ^′ =

E ₂ -E

, α =

where V ₁ - the volume of the combustion chamber with an initial compression ratio E ₁ ,
V ₂ - the volume of the combustion chamber with a modified compression ratio E ₂ . Hence,
V _dv. = V _r.zh.r. ± V '+ C; C = C ₂ - C ₁ . Operating mode, where V _dv. = var, N = var, E = var, t ₉ -t ₁₀ is a combination of modes V _dv. = var, N = var, E = const, t ₁ -t ₂ , and N = const, V _dv. = const, E = var, t ₅ -t ₆ . We explain in more detail. It is necessary to simultaneously increase the power and compression ratio of the free piston internal combustion engine (Fig. 2, c, d, t ₉ -t ₁₀ ). The mode switch 17 through the amplifier Converter 16 acts on the piston 12, which relative to the cylinder 14 changes its position in such a way that the volume V _r.zh.r. the working fluid of the regulator in the chamber 15 increases from (V _r.zh. ) _{R. min} - V ₁ '+ V ₂ ' to (V _r.zh. ) _{R. max} - V ₁ ', i.e. V _r. increased by ΔV _r.zh. - V ₂ ', where
ΔV _r.h. = (V _{r.zh.r.) max} - (V _{r.zh.r.) min}
(V _r.h. ) _{R. min} - V ₁ '+ V ₂ ' + ΔV _r.h. - V ₂ '= = (V _{r.zh. r.} ) _Max - V ₁ '. The increase in volume V _r.zh.r. regulator working fluid at ΔV _r.zh.r. due to the increase in volume V _dv. free piston internal combustion engine from (V _dv. ) _min to (V _dv. ) _max (Fig. 2, a, b, t ₉ -t ₁₀ ). A decrease in the value of V ₂ 'is due to an increase in the compression ratio from (E) _min to (E) _max (Fig. 2, c, t ₉ -t ₁₀ ). Volume V _r.d. the working fluid of a free- _piston internal combustion engine decreases from (V _r.d. ) _max + V ₁ '- V ₂ ' to (V _r.d. ) _min + V ₁ ', i.e. V _railroad decreased by ΔV _p.d. - V ₂ ', where ΔV _r.d. = (V _r.zh.d. ) _max - - (V _r.d.d. ) _min , (V _r.d.d. ) _max + V ₁ '- V ₂ ' - (Δ V _{r.d. d -.} -V ₂ ') = (V _{r.zh.d.) min} + V _1'. The decrease in volume V _r.d. working fluid of a free _piston internal combustion engine at ΔV _r.d. occurs due to an increase in V _dv. the volume of the free piston internal combustion engine from (V _dv. ) _min to (V _dv. ) _max (Fig. 2, b, t ₉ -t ₁₀ ). And the subtraction of V ₂ 'is due to the increase in the compression ratio from (E) _min to (E) _max (Fig. 2, c, t ₉ -t ₁₀ ). Mode: V _dv. - reduce, N - reduce, E - reduce. It is necessary to simultaneously reduce the power and compression ratio to nominal values (Fig. 2, c, d, t ₁₁ -t ₁₂ ). The mode switch 17 through the amplifier-Converter 16 acts on the piston 12, which relative to the cylinder 14 changes its position so that V _RH the volume of the working fluid of the regulator decreases from (V _r.zh.r. ) _max - V ₁ 'to (V _r.zh.r. ) _n , i.e. V _r. decreased by

where

)

(Fig. 2A,). A V _r.d. the volume of the working fluid of a free _piston internal combustion engine increased to (V _r.zh.d. ) _min + V ₁ 'to (V _r.zh.d. ) _n . those. increased by

+ V $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{′}}{\text{1}}$ where

(Fig. 2, a, t ₁₁ -t ₁₂ ). Consequently, the engine displacement V _dv. (Fig. 2, b, t ₁₁ -t ₁₂ ), the power N decreases (Fig. 2, g, t ₁₁ -t ₁₂ ). Mode: V _dv. - reduce, N - decrease, E - increase. It is necessary to reduce the power to (N) _min (Fig. 2, c, t ₁₃ -t ₁₄ ) with a simultaneous increase in the compression ratio to (E) _max (Fig. 2, c, t ₁₃ -t ₁₄ ). The mode switch 17 through the amplifier-Converter 16 acts on the piston 12, which relative to the cylinder 14 changes its position so that V _RH the volume of the working fluid of the regulator decreases from (V _r.zh.r. ) _n to (V _{r.zh. r.} ) _min - V1 ', i.e. V _r. decreased by

+ V $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{′}}{\text{1}}$ where

(

) _n - (

) _min
(V _r.zh.R. ) _n -

+ V

= (V _r.zh.r. ) _min -V $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{′}}{\text{1}}$ And the volume V _r.d. the working fluid of a free _piston internal combustion engine increased from (V _r.d.d. ) _n to (V _r.d.d. ) _max + V ₁ ', i.e. V _railroad increased by

where

(Fig. 2, a, t ₁₃ -t ₁₄ ). Therefore, reduced V _dv. the volume of the free piston internal combustion engine (Fig. 2, b, t ₁₃ -t ₁₄ ). V mode _dv . - increase, N - increase, E - decrease is similar to the mode (Fig. 2, t ₁₃ -t ₁₄ ).

Claims (2)

 1. A FREE PISTON INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, comprising at least two working cylinders, each of which contains a working piston dividing the cylinder volume into a working chamber in which elements of the gas distribution mechanism and an element of the fuel supply system are installed, and an airtight piston cavity filled with working fluid and connected by a sealed connecting line with a piston cavity of another working cylinder, fuel supply system, gas distribution mechanism, engine operating mode adjuster spruce, a converter of the movement of the working fluid into mechanical energy, characterized in that, in order to simultaneously ensure an interdependent change in the engine’s working volume, compression ratio and type of fuel during engine operation while maintaining the required operating power, the engine is additionally equipped with a regulator of the working fluid volume of the piston cylinder cavities the chamber of variable volume of which is filled with a working fluid and hermetically connected to the connecting line of the piston cavities, and the adjustment element of its working volume is connected through an additionally introduced amplifier-converter with an engine operating mode adjuster connected to the fuel supply system and the gas distribution mechanism.  2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the regulator of the volume of the working fluid of the piston cavities of the cylinders is made in the form of a cylinder hermetically connected to the connecting line of the piston cavities, inside of which there is a piston forming a working chamber filled with working fluid, the other side of the piston is connected to the mode switch through the amplifier-converter.

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