RU201722U1 - FIRE EXTINGUISHING NOZZLE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to fire extinguishing techniques, namely, means for extinguishing a fire with a sprayed and dispersed liquid, and can be used to form a cone of a finely dispersed extinguishing liquid when extinguishing fires in rooms (buildings and structures, ships, tunnels). The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of finely dispersed liquid. spraying liquid. The proposed nozzle of the fire extinguishing system excludes the occurrence of cavitation in the channels of the swirler and provides the maximum flow rate of the extinguishing liquid (for example, water), comparable to the design data, due to a smooth decrease in water pressure along the entire length of the nozzle channels without sudden jumps. The nozzle contains a hollow cylindrical body (1), the inner chamber of which the swirler (4) is placed; having an axial blind channel (5) for supplying liquid from one side, several radial channels (6) in the middle part for leaving liquid into the chamber for supplying water to the channels and two spiral channels (7) for swirling the water flow in the nozzle from the opposite side, cross-section which smoothly decreases in depth to the middle of the channel towards the exit, and the edges at the entrance are smoothly rounded. The inner chamber of the body is closed by a cylindrical cover (2) with an axial hole for spraying liquid and a cone that forms, together with the end of the swirler, a vortex chamber to accelerate the swirling flow. The connection of the cover to the nozzle body is sealed by means of a gasket (3). The extinguishing liquid, for example, water, from the fire main enters the inner channel of the body (1), from which it then passes into the narrower inner channel (5) of the swirler (4) and exits from it in the middle to the sides from four holes (6) into a wide internal channel of the body. From the wide part of the internal channel of the body, water enters two spiral channels of the swirler (7), where it is intensively twisted to increase the angle of the water spray cone, and then leaves the channels of the swirler into the conical channel formed by the internal channel of the body (1) and the cover (2). The swirling flow is compressed along the cone to the center of the cover and exits through the central hole. To avoid cavitation, the swirler channels at the inlet have a maximum width, sharp edges at the channel inlet are rounded along the radius. Further, the channel gradually narrows.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model belongs

The utility model relates to fire extinguishing techniques, namely, means for extinguishing a fire with a sprayed and dispersed liquid and can be used to form a cone of a finely atomized extinguishing liquid when extinguishing fires in rooms (buildings and structures, ships, tunnels).

State of the art

The ability of a fire system to extinguish a flame within a certain time depends largely on the amount of sprayed extinguishing liquid in the volume of the emergency room and its uniformity. One of the tasks in the design of fire extinguishing systems with a finely sprayed extinguishing liquid is to ensure uniform spraying of the amount of liquid required for extinguishing over the largest possible area around the nozzle in the shortest possible time.

To improve the opening angle of the jet and a more uniform distribution of the volumetric concentration of water in the emergency room, the water flow in the channel is twisted using a special insert with grooves, called a swirler.

Many embodiments of swirling nozzles for fire protection systems have been proposed in the patent literature.

For example, patent documents RU 2 647 102 and RU 2 669 308 disclose a nozzle containing a hollow cylindrical body with a vortex flow divider, and the body has an internal cylindrical chamber that serves to supply liquid and in which it is installed coaxially and with a gap relative to its internal the side surface is a swirler made in the form of a bushing with a helical external thread with a large pitch of a trapezoidal profile.

Patent documents RU 2 651 235 and RU 2 669 307 also disclose a nozzle in which a swirler is used in the form of a sleeve with a helical external thread with a large trapezoidal profile pitch.

In the patent document RU 2 622 794, the swirler insert included in the nozzle, having external peripheral screw-shaped threaded channels, additionally contains a central axial hole made along the axis of the swirler insert with a screw thread on the inner surface, opposite to the channel cutting direction.

The closest analogue is the nozzle disclosed in patent document RU 2 622 794.

This design of a swirl nozzle is often used in fire systems due to its low cost and ease of manufacture with high uniformity of water spray.

During the operation of the fire-fighting systems, it was revealed that the water consumption at the nozzles with a swirler is noticeably lower than the design one. It was found that the reason for the decrease in water consumption in the nozzle of fire extinguishing systems with a finely sprayed extinguishing liquid was cavitation cavities, which reduced the flow cross section of the channel and prevented water from flowing through it.

Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of finely dispersed liquid spraying. The proposed nozzle of the fire extinguishing system excludes the occurrence of cavitation in the channels of the swirler and provides the maximum flow rate of the extinguishing liquid (for example, water), comparable to the design data, due to a smooth decrease in water pressure along the entire length of the nozzle channels without sudden surges.

Water from the fire main enters the inner channel of the body, from which it then passes into a narrower inner channel of the swirler and leaves it in the middle to the sides from four openings into the wide inner channel of the body. From the wide part of the inner channel of the body, water enters two spiral channels of the swirler, where it is swirled intensively to increase the angle of the water spray cone.

To avoid the formation of cavitation, the channels of the swirler at the inlet have a maximum width, sharp edges at the inlet to the channel are rounded along the radius. Further, the channel gradually narrows to its middle.

Water exits the swirler channels into a tapered channel formed by an internal channel of the body and a cover. The swirling stream is compressed along the cone towards the center of the cover and exits through the central hole.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 shows one of the embodiments of the injector according to the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the proposed nozzle, where:

1 - hollow cylindrical nozzle body;

2 - a sealing gasket for sealing the connection of the cover to the nozzle body;

3- cylindrical cap with internal thread for connection to the body, with an axial hole for liquid spraying and a cone

4 - cylindrical swirler

FIG. 2 shows sections of a cylindrical swirler (4): axial and in sections A, B, C, which show:

5 - axial blind channel for fluid supply;

6 - radial channels in the middle part for liquid outlet;

7 - swirler channels,

in this case, the section of the swirler channels smoothly decreases in depth from section B to section A, and its edges at the inlet are smoothly rounded.

Implementation of the utility model

FIG. 3-5 shows an embodiment of a nozzle according to the invention.

The body and cover of the nozzle are made of steel, the swirler is made of brass. The gaskets are made of rubber.

The total length of the spray head shown in FIG. 1-5 is 66 mm, while its width is 50 mm. The spray head is designed to withstand fluid pressures up to 150 bar.

As shown in FIG. 1, 2, the nozzle contains a hollow cylindrical body (1), in the inner chamber of which a swirler (4) is placed; having an axial blind channel (5) for supplying liquid from one side, several radial channels (6) in the middle part for leaving liquid into the chamber for supplying water to the channels and two spiral channels (7) for swirling the water flow in the nozzle from the opposite side, cross-section which smoothly decreases in depth to the middle of the channel towards the exit, and the edges at the entrance are smoothly rounded. The inner chamber of the body is closed by a cylindrical cover (2) with an axial hole for spraying liquid and a cone that forms, together with the end of the swirler, a vortex chamber to accelerate the swirling flow. The connection of the cover to the nozzle body is sealed with a gasket (3).

Thus, the extinguishing liquid, for example, water, from the fire main enters the inner channel of the housing (1), from which it then passes into the narrower inner channel (5) of the swirler (4) and leaves it in the middle to the sides from four holes (6 ) into the wide inner channel of the housing. From the wide part of the internal channel of the body, water enters two spiral channels of the swirler (7), where it is intensively twisted to increase the angle of the water spray cone, and then leaves the channels of the swirler into the conical channel formed by the internal channel of the body (1) and the cover (2). The swirling flow along the cone is accelerated, compressed to the center of the cover and exits through the central hole.

To avoid the formation of cavitation, the channels of the swirler at the inlet have a maximum width, sharp edges at the inlet to the channel are rounded along the radius. Further, the channel gradually narrows.

Claims (1)

A nozzle of a fire extinguishing system for preparing and spraying liquid for extinguishing a fire in a room, containing a hollow cylindrical body (1), consisting of a cylindrical part with an external thread for connecting to the connection of the distribution pipeline for supplying liquid from one side and connecting a cover with an opening for spraying liquid from on the other hand, and an internal thread for connection with the swirler, containing an internal chamber in which the swirler is placed, a sealing gasket (3) for sealing the connection of the cap to the nozzle body, a cylindrical cap (2) with an internal thread for connecting to the body, with an axial hole for liquid spraying and a cone, which forms, together with the end of the swirler, a vortex chamber to accelerate the swirling flow, a cylindrical swirler (4) with an external thread for connection to the body, having an axial blind channel for supplying liquid from one side, several radial channels in the middle part for the flow of liquid into the chamber for supplying water to the channels and two spiral channels for swirling the liquid flow in the nozzle from the opposite side, characterized in that the cross-section of the channels of the swirler smoothly decreases in depth to the middle of the channel towards the outlet, and its edges at the inlet are smoothly rounded.

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