RU2013632C1 - Method of operating internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automotive engineering. SUBSTANCE: oxidizer is conveyed under pressure to exhaust pipe. Oxidizer is also used to force air-fuel mixture or air to cylinders of the engine. Oxidizer is used in the form of water vapor saturated with a solution of potassium permanganate in a concentration of 8. . . 12 mg/l, the content of oxidizer being 13. . . 28% of the fuel feed rate. Oxidizer is forced to inlet pipe under a pressure of 0.8. . . 3.6 ata, and to exhaust pipe at 1.2. . . 3.8 ata. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of the method. 4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of engineering, in particular to engine building.

 In the engine industry, there are known methods of pressurization: turbocharging, impulse pressurization, ejection pressurization, resonant pressurization, etc.

 A known engine in each cylinder which has an additional valve for the inlet of water vapor under high pressure.

 The closest technical solution to the claimed is a method of supplying water vapor to the inlet pipe. However, it has the following disadvantages. Soot will be deposited intensively on the evaporator, made in the form of a coil, since this coil is located in the exhaust pipe in which the exhaust gases pass. The surface temperature of the coil is several hundred degrees lower, since water passes inside it. The heat transfer (heat transfer) from the exhaust gases to the coil will decrease. Therefore, this evaporator will create aerodynamic drag for exhaust gases. Because of this, engine power will drop. The exhaust pipe along with the evaporator will have to be disassembled periodically and cleaned of soot. This work is very harmful, as toxic and carcinogenic substances will be released. Water vapor is supplied from above above the carburetor, which does not create a boost of the engine.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase power, efficiency, reduce toxicity.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the oxidizing agent injects air or fuel-air mixture into the engine cylinders, and the oxidizing agent is used in the form of water vapor saturated with a solution of potassium permanganate in a concentration of 8-12 mg / l, the oxidizing agent is installed in an amount of 13-28% of the flow fuel. The oxidizer is injected into the inlet pipe under a pressure of 0.8-3.6 atm, and into the exhaust pipe under a pressure of 1.2-3.8 atm.

 In the claimed method of operation of the internal combustion engine from the steam collector are pipelines in two directions. In the first direction, the pipeline goes into the inlet pipe. In the second direction, the pipeline goes to the exhaust pipe. An oxidizing agent consisting of two or more components goes through pipelines. The oxidizer under pressure passes through the first pipeline, captures and pumps air or air-fuel mixture into the engine cylinders. In the second pipeline, an oxidizing agent flows into the exhaust pipe, where the afterburning (oxidation) of unburned particles occurs, then the temperature decreases and the toxicity of the exhaust gases decreases. In this case, in the second case, the exhaust of the engine cylinders is improved. The supply of oxidizing agent is regulated.

 A comparable analysis of the proposed solution with the prototype shows that the claimed method differs from the known one in that the oxidizing agent consists of two components. Moreover, the oxidizer is under pressure, therefore, it is a working fluid that allows air or fuel-air mixture to be pumped into the engine cylinders through the first pipeline and free the engine cylinders from exhaust gases, making a vacuum in the exhaust pipe by feeding the oxidizer to the exhaust pipe through the second pipe.

A technical solution is known in which steam is supplied to the engine cylinders through additional valves. The supply of water vapor occurs under high pressure at the beginning of the cycle - a working stroke. The pressure must be greater than the gas pressure in the engine cylinder during the cycle - stroke. However, this technical solution does not pressurize the engine with air or a fuel-air mixture and does not feed the oxidizing agent into the exhaust pipe, into the exhaust gases. Supercharging an engine with an oxidizing agent and supplying an oxidizing agent to the exhaust gases is carried out in the claimed technical solution. The supply of an oxidizing agent under pressure and air or air-fuel mixture into the engine cylinders provides a more complete combustion of fuel. The engine power is increased, fuel is saved, as the engine is pressurized. Increased efficiency is due to an oxidizing agent consisting of two components; water vapor and potassium permanganate, i.e., an increased oxygen content is present in the oxidizing agent. Since the oxidant is at a temperature over 100 ^C, it is chemically more fully prepared to conduct the oxidation reaction in the engine cylinders.

 If the oxidizer consumption is less than 13% of the fuel consumption and the pressure is less than 0.8 atm in front of the ejector at the entrance to the engine cylinders, this will not have any significant effect on the operation of the engine, since such a small amount of oxidizer and with such a small pressure can efficiently pump air or air-fuel mixture with the help of an ejector into the engine, i.e., the ejector will not work in optimal mode. A small amount of oxidizing agent up to 13% practically does not affect the process of fuel combustion for the better in the engine cylinders, so almost no fuel economy and engine power increase.

 If the oxidizer consumption is more than 28% of the fuel consumption and the oxidizer pressure is more than 3.8 atm, this will have a negative effect on the operation of the internal combustion engine. Such a large amount of oxidizing agent under such high pressure will not be able to pump the optimum amount of air or air-fuel mixture into the engine cylinders. Therefore, it will be extremely difficult to ignite the fuel in the engine cylinders and it will not be able to completely burn out in the engine. In diesel engines, fuel atomization will be difficult. All this is due to the fact that the oxidizing agent consists mainly of water vapor. If the concentration of potassium permanganate in water is less than 8 mg / l, then with such a low concentration the fuel will burn worse. If the concentration of potassium permanganate in water is more than 12 mg / l, then a negative effect on the combustion process will be detected, since such an amount of potassium permanganate will not quickly dissolve in water and steam will be supplied to cylinders with particles (grains) of manganese - potassium acid, and undissolved particles will impede the process of fuel combustion and will be deposited on the walls of the combustion chamber during the operation of the internal combustion engine.

 In FIG. 1 shows a device for implementing the method of engine operation, potassium permanganate is dissolved in water in front of the coil; in FIG. 2 - the same, potassium permanganate is dissolved by water vapor in front of the inlet pipe, and one water vapor flows from the exhaust pipe; in FIG. 3 is a diagram of the implementation of the method.

 The steam supply circuit to the engine consists of a water tank 1 connected to an electromagnetic softener 2, which is connected through an intermediate tank 3 to a coil 4. The coil 4 is connected to an ejector 5 and to an ejector 7 through a steam collector 6. The ejector 5 is connected to an exhaust pipe 12. The ejector 7 is connected to the inlet pipe 8 on the one hand, and on the other hand to the air purifier 9. There is a shutter damper 10 in the steam collector. The exhaust pipe 11 is bifurcated in front of the muffler to a branch pipe 12 and an auxiliary pipe 14, which can be closed by a shutter thirteen.

 The device operates as follows.

 The exhaust gases through the exhaust pipe 11 enter the exhaust pipe 12 and heat its walls. At the same time, water from the water tank 1 enters through the faucet to the electromagnetic softener 2, then to the intermediate tank 3, where it dissolves a substance with a high oxygen content, for example potassium permanganate. Then a solution of water with potassium permanganate enters the coil 4. The water evaporated in the coil (evaporator) 4 turns into steam and flows through two pipelines. One pipeline goes to the ejector 5 of the outlet pipe, and the other to the steam collector 6, and from it to the ejector 7 of the inlet pipe 8, i.e., water vapor mixed with potassium permanganate enters the ejectors 5 and 7. Ejector 7 It works as a supercharger, that is, it sucks in an additional large amount of air or fuel-air mixture with steam and feeds it into the inlet pipe 8. Air or fuel-air mixture is pressurized into the engine cylinders.

 Using the proposed method of operation of an internal combustion engine provides the following advantages in comparison with existing methods: the internal combustion engine power is increased within 12–20% on average for all types of internal combustion engines, the efficiency is increased by 7–11% of an internal combustion engine, and the exhaust gas toxicity is reduced, the service life of individual components and parts of the internal combustion engine, in particular spark plugs, is increased.

Claims (4)

 1. THE WAY OF WORK OF THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, which consists in preparing a fuel-air mixture, additive of an oxidizer and feeding this mixture into cylinders, characterized in that the oxidizer is fed into the exhaust pipe under pressure, the fuel-air mixture is injected with oxidizing agent or air is applied to the engine cylinders and the oxidizer steam saturated with potassium permanganate in a concentration of 8 - 12 mg / l.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the content of the oxidizing agent is 13 - 28% of fuel consumption.  3. The method according to PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the oxidizing agent is injected into the inlet pipe under a pressure of 0.8 to 3.6 atm.  4. The method according to PP. 1 to 3, characterized in that the oxidizing agent is injected into the exhaust pipe under a pressure of 1.2 to 3.8 atm.

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