RU201341U1 - PROTECTIVE CONTAINER-CASE FOR LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed utility model relates to protective devices used for carrying and storing lithium-ion batteries, both in a single copy and as part of blocks and electrical household devices, for example, electronic cigarettes, batteries for electric bicycles and other electronic devices using lithium-ion rechargeable batteries. ... The utility model can also be used to carry (transport) hazardous substances and materials prone to spontaneous combustion. The essence of the utility model. In the body of the protective container-cover there is a built-in system for extinguishing burning lithium, consisting of a gas cylinder (1) with a fire-extinguishing argon gas and a device starting the fire extinguishing system (4) (Fig. 1), which consists of a spring (9) with a striker (8) and a safety washer (7) made of Wood's alloy, the melting temperature of which is in the range from 60 to 70 ° C (Fig. . 2). When the temperature inside the housing of the protective container rises to the threshold temperature value, the safety washer (7) melts, the firing pin (8), under the action of the spring (9), breaks through the safety membrane (6) of the gas cylinder (1), releases fire extinguishing gas (argon) into the cavity of the protective container-cover (3) As an additional element of protection in the manufacture of a protective container-cover, several layers of heat-resistant ballistic aramid fabric are used, which has an oil-water-repellent impregnation, which allows to ensure tightness and thermal stability of the fabric. The absence of a hard case allows for the protection of a person (the user of the device) from hazardous factors arising from the ignition and explosion of a lithium-ion battery. The volume of fire-extinguishing argon gas depends on the number of battery cells and the volume of the protective container and is determined in such a way that the gas escaping from the cylinder completely fills the volume of the protective sleeve. 1 wp f-ly, 2 dwg

Description

The proposed utility model relates to protective devices used for carrying and storing lithium-ion batteries both in a single copy and as part of blocks and electrical household devices, for example, cell phones, electronic cigarettes, battery packs of electric bicycles, electric scooters and other electronic devices using lithium-ion rechargeable batteries. Also, the proposed container can be used to carry (transport) hazardous substances and materials prone to spontaneous combustion.

Today, lithium-ion batteries are widely used in mobile power consumers. They have a number of advantages over other types of storage batteries (no "memory effect", long service life, high density of accumulated energy and discharge currents, low weight, etc.), however, this type of batteries also has a number of serious disadvantages, the main of which is the probability explosion and ignition at elevated temperatures (over 90 ° C), as well as in case of damage to the case - puncture or other leakage of the battery case. When the specified temperature is reached, chemical processes begin in the battery, leading to its ignition and destruction, accompanied by the release of burning lithium. As a result, there is a high probability of injury to people in the event of an emergency [1 - 3].

As a rule, "high-quality" lithium-ion rechargeable batteries include protection systems (thermal fuse, protection device that is triggered when the pressure inside the battery rises, devices that protect against overdischarge and overcharging), but as practice shows, not all rechargeable batteries have such protection systems or existing security systems do not always work. Critical conditions for storage batteries can also arise during their transportation by road, air and other modes of transport [4].

The body of household appliances (electronic cigarettes, etc.) is made of aluminum alloys, plastic, steel and, in the event of an emergency situation, bears an additional source of injury to people [5].

The closest analogs to the proposed utility model are inventions (Patent RF for invention No. RU 2590876 C2, IPC А24F 47/00, publ. 09/10/2015; Patent RF for invention No. RU 2603536 С2, IPC G06F 1/16; B65D 85 / 00 publ. 27.11.2014; Patent RF for invention No. RU 2382317 C1, IPC F41H 1/02, publ. 20.02.2010; Patent RF for invention No. RU 2175035 C2, IPC D03 D15 / 00, F41 H1 / 02 , publ. 20.10.2001); US 9415248B2, publ. 02/16/2010; CN 201709641 publ. 19.01.2011.

The main disadvantage of the above protective devices is the insufficient level of user safety, namely, the lack of warning the user about the occurrence of hazardous factors (high temperature, fire, explosion) when an emergency operation of the lithium-ion battery occurs, as well as the lack of the possibility of their (dangerous factors) extinguishing.

The technical result of the utility model is to ensure the safety (protection) of the device user from hazardous factors arising from the ignition of a lithium-ion storage battery by including in the proposed version of the container-cover, a local fire extinguishing system.

To achieve the technical result, it was necessary to solve the following problems, namely: elimination of the shortcomings of existing designs to ensure the safety of using lithium-ion batteries in mobile electronic devices. The use of the proposed utility model - a container-case for electronic devices containing lithium-ion rechargeable batteries, with a built-in local fire extinguishing system, which allows to ensure the set task.

For this technical result, a set of essential features was identified, namely that the protective container-case for devices containing lithium-ion rechargeable batteries is made of a material containing layers of heat-resistant aramid fabric, which makes it possible to withstand the effects of high temperatures characteristic of lithium-ion ignition. ion storage battery, as well as the essential features include the presence in the protective container-cover of a built-in gas fire extinguishing system containing a device for starting the fire extinguishing system, which is triggered automatically when the temperature in the inner volume of the container-cover rises to the threshold value.

Figure 1 schematically shows the device of a protective container-cover for four lithium-ion batteries, the number of which may be different. The diagram shows the following positions: built-in local fire extinguishing system for burning lithium, consisting of a gas cylinder with fire-extinguishing argon gas (1) and a fire extinguishing system launch device (4), located in an additional pocket (5) of the protective container-cover body (3), number (2) designates four lithium-ion batteries.

Figure 2 schematically shows a device for starting a local fire extinguishing system built into a protective container-case for four lithium-ion batteries. The following positions are indicated on the diagram: the body of the local fire extinguishing system launching device (4), the spring (9) with the firing pin (8), the safety washer (7) made of Wood's alloy, the melting temperature of which is in the range from 60 to 70 ° C.

Principle of operation. When the temperature inside the body of the protective container-cover rises to the threshold temperature value, the safety washer (7) melts, then the firing pin (8), under the action of the spring (9), breaks through the safety membrane (6) of the gas cylinder (1), as a result of which the fire extinguishing gas ( argon) enters the cavity of the protective container-cover (3). The volume of fire-extinguishing argon gas depends on the number of battery cells and the volume of the protective container and is determined in such a way that the gas escaping from the cylinder completely fills the volume of the protective sleeve.

Bibliography

1. Nicoll K.J. Thigh burns from exploding e-cigarette lithium ion batteries: First case series / K.J. Nicoll, A.M. Rose, M.A.A. Khan, O. Quaba, A.G. Lowrie // Burns. JBUR-4917; 31.03.2016.-5 p.

2. Electronic Cigarette Explosions and Fires: The 2015 Experience / Campbell R. - Quincy: NFPA. 2015. - 4 p.

3. Mullen I. E-Cigarettes. Merseyside Fire and Rescue Service. 2014. - 8 p.

4. Sturk D., Hoffmann L., E-fordons Potentiella Riskfaktorer vid Trafikskadehandelse. En rapport baserad pa e-fordons teknik, sakerhetsfunktioner och modern batterikemi / D. Sturk, L. Hoffmann // SP Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden. 2013 .-- 90 p.

5. Norii T., Electronic cigarette explosion resulting in a c1 and c2 fracture: a case report / T. Norii, A. Plate // The Journal of Emergency Medicine, Vol. 52, No. 1, 2017. pp. 86-88.

Claims (2)

1. Container-case for devices containing lithium-ion rechargeable batteries, characterized in that the case of the case is made of layers of heat-resistant aramid fabric, as well as the presence of a built-in gas fire extinguishing system containing a launch device that is triggered automatically when the temperature in the inner volume of the container rises - cover up to the threshold value. 2. Container-cover according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover body is made of layers of heat-resistant aramid fabric, which allows it to withstand high temperatures.

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