RU2007461C1 - Method of producing sugars of cellulose-containing materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: microbiological industry. SUBSTANCE: method involves percolation hydrolysis of cellulose-containing material by 0.4-0.5% sulfuric acid solution. The process is carried out at 160-190 C and it is followed by separation hydrolyzate from lignin. Origin cellulose-containing material is mixed with extracted coffee residue at ratio 1: 0.25-1: 1 ( as calculated for absolutely dry compound), this mixture is then hydrolyzed. The process takes place at hydromodule 14-16, its duration is 180-220 min. EFFECT: improves efficiency of the method. 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to hydrolysis and microbiological industry, in particular to the production of yeast.

 A known method of producing sugars from cellulose-containing material, which involves wetting cotton husks and corn cobs with water and sulfuric acid, refinement by extraction with water, followed by selection of the extract and pentose and hexose hydrolysis of the raw material [1].

 The disadvantage of this method is its complexity and duration and the insufficiently high quality of the obtained hydrolyzate.

The closest to the offered technical decision is the process for producing sugars from cellulosic material comprising the percolation hydrolysis of 0.4-0.5% solution of sulfuric acid at 160-190 ^{° C} and separation of lignin from the hydrolyzate [2].

 The disadvantage of this method is the low sugar content in the hydrolyzate.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the sugar content in the hydrolyzate.

To achieve this, the proposed method of producing sugars from cellulose-containing material provided for by the percolation hydrolysis of 0.4-0.5% solution of sulfuric acid at 160-190 ^{° C} and separation of the hydrolyzate from lignin, cellulose-containing starting material is mixed with the extracted the coffee residue in a ratio of 1: 0.25-1: 1 for absolutely dry matter and hydrolysis is subjected to this mixture, while the process is carried out with a hydromodule 14-16 and its duration 180-220 minutes

 A method of producing sugars is as follows.

Ground wood raw materials and extracted coffee residues are loaded into the hydrolysis apparatus through the upper neck. Simultaneously with the loading of raw materials, water and sulfuric acid are supplied in the required amount and ratio (2.0-2.5 GM and acid concentration 0.8-1.0%). After warming the contents gidrolizapparata steaming mode to set the temperature and pressure (T 160-170 ^{° C,} R 6-7 MPa) for 30-50 minutes start the percolation process, which consists in feeding the hot sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of 0.4- 0.5% and the simultaneous issuance of the hydrolyzate. Percolation hydrolysis is carried out for 100 minutes at 160-190 ° ^C. In this step, the hydrolysis is terminated polysaccharide materials. At the end of the hydrolysis, the lignin is washed with hot 185-190 ^о С water for 15-20 minutes. Next, the water supply is stopped and the remainder of the liquid is squeezed out while the pressure in the apparatus gradually decreases to 0.6-0.7 MPa, after which a “shot” is produced (lignin is unloaded into a cyclone - decanted). Cooking time 180-220 min. The hydraulic module for issuing the hydrolyzate depends on its further processing. In the production of alcohol, the hydrolysis mode involves the selection of the hydrolyzate in the amount of 14 hydromodules, in the production of yeast 16.

 Percolation hydrolysis showed that a decrease in the proportion of extracted coffee residues below 1: 0.25 does not significantly improve the benign quality of the hydrolyzate. At the same time, a change in the ratio of wood and coffee residues above 1: 1 in the direction of prohibitive values leads to the need to change the cooking mode, to create a special wood chip pillow before loading coffee residues into the hydrolysis apparatus. The hydrolysis of coffee residues alone requires a change in the design of the apparatus to ensure fluid filtration and delay non-hydrolyzed residues in the apparatus.

 An increase in the ratio of wood and coffee residues above 1: 1 in the direction of increasing the proportion of coffee residues leads to a decrease in the concentration of sugars in the selected hydrolyzate, although this hydrolyzate refers to substrates with high quality by the amount of impurities and benignity.

 The used ratio of plant raw materials of wood and extracted coffee residues and the hydrolysis mode in the proposed method is necessary and sufficient to achieve the effect: improving the quality of the wood hydrolyzate.

The proposed method allows production recycling - coffee extracted residues, which consists in the joint timber hydrolysis mixture and extracted with GM coffee residues 14-16, a temperature of ^about 160-190 C, the sulfuric acid concentration of 0.4-0.5%, and cooking time 180 -220 min followed by alignment of microorganisms on the prepared substrate. All this allows you to speed up the process of using coffee, increase the benignity of the hydrolyzate and expand the range of microorganisms cultivated usually on wood hydrolysates.

Preparation of hydrolyzate to biochemical processing comprising the steps of neutralizing with lime milk to a pH of 3.3 at ⁸⁰ ° C, air blowing at this temperature for 1 h, sludge and neutralizing with ammonia water to pH 4.5.

PRI me R 1. The crushed wood raw materials and extracted coffee residues in the ratio of 1, 0.25 are loaded into the hydrolysis apparatus while supplying a solution of sulfuric acid in an amount of 2.5 GM and with a concentration of 1.0%. After warming hydrolyzable mass to a temperature of 160 ^{° C} for 30 min percolation hydrolysis is carried out for 100 minutes while feeding hot (170-190 ° ^C) sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of 0.4-0.5%, and the simultaneous issuance of the hydrolyzate in an amount of 14 Hm. After washing for 20 minutes with hot (190 ^° C) water, the lignin is discharged. Total cooking time 180 min. The characteristics of the selected hydrolyzate are given in table. 1. The composition of the hydrolyzate and the biomass yield of sugars for other ratios of wood raw materials and extracted coffee residues, various hydromodules and the duration of cooking are also given there.

 Evaluation of the quality of the hydrolyzate according to the content of sugar decomposition products was carried out according to the biomass of fodder yeast from used sugars by growing yeast, the results of which are also shown in table. 1.

For this selected hydrolyzate was neutralized at ⁸⁰ ° C to pH 3.3 with lime milk, purged with air at ⁸⁰ ° C for 1 hour, deneytralizovyvali to pH 4.5 with ammonia solution and added salt containing 1.6% nitrogen, 1, 3% phosphorus and 1.2% potassium chloride at the rate of 45 ml per 3 l of hydrolyzate with a sugar concentration of 3.96%. Then the hydrolyzate is diluted with water to a concentration of 1.51% and sugars is carried out continuously culturing the yeast of genus Candida Scott the continuous apparatus with the following parameters cultivation - pH 4.5, temperature 37 ^{° C,} the growth rate of 0.220 hr ^-1. A constant pH is maintained with an ammonia solution. The working volume of the fermenter is 800 ml. The high yield of biomass from sugars 56.0-60.0% indicates a low content of sugar decomposition products that inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

 PRI me R 2. The use of the hydrolyzate obtained as in example 1, for the cultivation of baker's yeast in the first stage of cultivation and fodder - in the second are presented in table. 2.

 The hydrolyzate with a sugar concentration of 3.96%, obtained and prepared as described in example 1, is discolored by treating the hydrolyzate with activated charcoal for 30 minutes at the rate of 10 g of coal per 1 liter of hydrolyzate, then adjust the pH to 5.0 with ammonia and add nutrient salt. For 1 liter of hydrolyzate with a sugar concentration of 3.1%, 7.5 ml of a salt solution with a content of 2.6% nitrogen, 1.3% phosphorus and 1.2% potassium chloride is consumed.

On this substrate are grown baker's yeast Saharomitsetserevizia in a continuous operation for 30 hours of cultivation under the following parameters: pH 5.0, the growth rate of 0.250 h ^-1, temperature: 30 ^° C

 In the second stage, using post-yeast mash from the first stage, fodder yeast was grown.

Candida scotti yeast was used as a seed culture. Culture parameters pH 4.5, temperature 37 ^{° C,} the growth rate of 0.20-0.25 hr ^-1. All salts are already set in the first step.

 As a result of the two-stage regime of cultivation of baking and fodder yeast, all carbon-containing raw materials are effectively used with full use of all raw sugar.

Thus, the use of the proposed method for producing sugars allows you to:
- increase the yield of sugars to 50-56% of absolutely dry raw materials and the sugar content in the solution to 4%.

- increase the benignity of hydrolysates;
- expand the range of microorganisms grown on hydrolysates. (56) 1. USSR author's certificate N 765362, cl. C 13K 1/02, 1980.

 2. USSR author's certificate N 1183540, cl. C 13K 1/02, 1985.

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUGARS FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIAL, providing for percolation hydrolysis of the latter with 0.4 - 0.5% sulfuric acid solution at 160 - 190 ^o С and separation of the hydrolyzate from lignin, characterized in that, in order to increase the sugar content, the original cellulose-containing material mixed with the extracted coffee residue in a ratio of 1: 0.25 on a completely dry substance and subjected to hydrolysis of this mixture, while the process is carried out with a hydromodule 14 - 16 and its duration 180 - 220 minutes

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