RU2006113610A - NATURAL GAS LIQUID METHOD - Google Patents

NATURAL GAS LIQUID METHOD Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2006113610A
RU2006113610A RU2006113610/06A RU2006113610A RU2006113610A RU 2006113610 A RU2006113610 A RU 2006113610A RU 2006113610/06 A RU2006113610/06 A RU 2006113610/06A RU 2006113610 A RU2006113610 A RU 2006113610A RU 2006113610 A RU2006113610 A RU 2006113610A
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RU
Russia
Prior art keywords
circuit
cooling
refrigerant
stream
carbon dioxide
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RU2006113610/06A
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Russian (ru)
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RU2352877C2 (en
Inventor
Хайнц БАУЭР (DE)
Хайнц БАУЭР
Хуберт ФРАНКЕ (DE)
Хуберт ФРАНКЕ
Райнер ЗАППЕР (DE)
Райнер ЗАППЕР
Марк ШИЕР (DE)
Марк ШИЕР
Манфред БЕЛЬТ (DE)
Манфред БЕЛЬТ
Йостейн ПЕТТЕРСЕН (NO)
Йостейн ПЕТТЕРСЕН
Арне Олав ФРЕДХЕЙМ (NO)
Арне Олав Фредхейм
Пентти ПЕУРОЛА (NO)
Пентти ПЕУРОЛА
Original Assignee
Статойл Аса (No)
Статойл Аса
Линде Акциенгезелльшафт (De)
Линде Акциенгезелльшафт
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Priority claimed from DE2003144030 external-priority patent/DE10344030A1/en
Application filed by Статойл Аса (No), Статойл Аса, Линде Акциенгезелльшафт (De), Линде Акциенгезелльшафт filed Critical Статойл Аса (No)
Publication of RU2006113610A publication Critical patent/RU2006113610A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of RU2352877C2 publication Critical patent/RU2352877C2/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/0095—Oxides of carbon, e.g. CO2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0217—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0217—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
    • F25J1/0218—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one or more SCR cycles, e.g. with a C3 pre-cooling cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
    • F25J1/0278—Unit being stationary, e.g. on floating barge or fixed platform
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J1/0283—Gas turbine as the prime mechanical driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0295—Shifting of the compression load between different cooling stages within a refrigerant cycle or within a cascade refrigeration system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0296—Removal of the heat of compression, e.g. within an inter- or afterstage-cooler against an ambient heat sink
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0296—Removal of the heat of compression, e.g. within an inter- or afterstage-cooler against an ambient heat sink
    • F25J1/0297—Removal of the heat of compression, e.g. within an inter- or afterstage-cooler against an ambient heat sink using an externally chilled fluid, e.g. chilled water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/13—Economisers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
    • F25J2220/64—Separating heavy hydrocarbons, e.g. NGL, LPG, C4+ hydrocarbons or heavy condensates in general

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Claims (26)

1. Способ сжижения потока, обогащенного углеводородами, где сжижение потока, обогащенного углеводородами, осуществляют в каскаде контуров с холодильным агентом, состоящем из трех холодильных контуров, причем первый из трех холодильных контуров служит для обеспечения предварительного охлаждения, второй холодильный контур служит для обеспечения фактического сжижения, и третий холодильный контур служит для обеспечения переохлаждения сжиженного потока, обогащенного углеводородами, причем каждый холодильный контур включает по меньшей мере один одноступенчатый или многоступенчатый компрессор, отличающийся тем, что по меньшей мере один частичный поток холодильного агента из второго холодильного контура используют для предварительного охлаждения потока, обогащенного углеводородами.1. A method of liquefying a stream enriched in hydrocarbons, where the liquefaction of a stream enriched in hydrocarbons is carried out in a cascade of circuits with a refrigerant consisting of three refrigeration circuits, the first of the three refrigeration circuits serving to provide pre-cooling, the second refrigeration circuit is used to provide actual liquefaction and the third refrigeration circuit serves to provide subcooling of the liquefied hydrocarbon-rich stream, each refrigeration circuit comprising at least m D is one-stage or multistage compressor, characterized in that at least one partial flow of the refrigerant from the second refrigeration circuit is used for precooling the hydrocarbon-rich flow. 2. Способ по п.1, в котором частичный поток холодильного агента из второго холодильного контура, используемого для предварительного охлаждения потока, обогащенного углеводородами, испаряют при давлении, более высоком, чем давление испарения оставшегося частичного потока холодильного агента из второго охлаждающего контура, и подают в компрессор второго охлаждающего контура при промежуточной величине давления.2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the partial refrigerant stream from the second refrigerant circuit used to pre-cool the hydrocarbon-rich stream is evaporated at a pressure higher than the vaporization pressure of the remaining partial refrigerant stream from the second cooling circuit, and is supplied to the compressor of the second cooling circuit at an intermediate pressure value. 3. Способ по п.1 или 2, в котором отделение нежелательных компонентов и/или компонентов потока, обогащенного углеводородами, которые вымораживаются в процессе сжижения потока, обогащенного углеводородами, происходит перед фактическим сжижением потока, обогащенного углеводородами.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in which the separation of undesirable components and / or components of the stream enriched in hydrocarbons that freeze during the liquefaction of the stream enriched in hydrocarbons occurs before the actual liquefaction of the stream enriched in hydrocarbons. 4. Способ по п.3, в котором по меньшей мере один частичный поток одного из двух частичных потоков второго охлаждающего контура используют для обеспечения охлаждения в блоке отделения.4. The method according to claim 3, in which at least one partial stream of one of the two partial flows of the second cooling circuit is used to provide cooling in the separation unit. 5. Способ по пп.1, 2 и 4, в котором объемы и/или давления испарения двух частичных потоков второго холодильного контура являются изменяемыми.5. The method according to claims 1, 2 and 4, in which the volumes and / or evaporation pressures of the two partial flows of the second refrigeration circuit are variable. 6. Способ по пп.1, 2 и 4, в котором поток, обогащенный углеводородами, представляет собой поток природного газа.6. The method according to claims 1, 2 and 4, in which the hydrocarbon-rich stream is a natural gas stream. 7. Способ по пп.1, 2 и 4, в котором каждый компрессор имеет по существу равную долю нагрузки.7. The method according to claims 1, 2 and 4, in which each compressor has a substantially equal share of the load. 8. Способ по пп.1, 2 и 4, в котором первый холодильный контур включает двуокись углерода.8. The method according to claims 1, 2 and 4, in which the first refrigeration circuit includes carbon dioxide. 9. Способ по пп.1, 2 и 4, в котором все холодильные контуры включают смешанные холодильные агенты.9. The method according to claims 1, 2 and 4, in which all refrigeration circuits include mixed refrigerants. 10. Способ сжижения газа, обогащенного углеводородами, в котором газ пропускают через каскад из трех ступеней охлаждения, причем каждая ступень включает контур с холодильным агентом и компрессор, где по меньшей мере часть потока холодильного агента из второго контура используют для предварительного охлаждения газа, обогащенного углеводородами, в первой ступени охлаждения.10. A method of liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich gas in which gas is passed through a cascade of three cooling stages, each stage comprising a refrigerant circuit and a compressor, where at least a portion of the refrigerant stream from the second circuit is used to pre-cool the hydrocarbon-rich gas , in the first stage of cooling. 11. Способ сжижения, включающий некоторое количество охлаждающих контуров, расположенных в виде каскада, причем каждый контур включает компрессор, где каждый компрессор имеет по существу равную долю общей нагрузки.11. A liquefaction method comprising a number of cooling circuits arranged in a cascade, each circuit including a compressor, where each compressor has a substantially equal fraction of the total load. 12. Способ по п.11, в котором каскад включает по меньшей мере первый и второй охлаждающие контуры, причем второй охлаждающий контур используют, по меньшей мере частично, для предварительного охлаждения вещества, подлежащего сжижению.12. The method according to claim 11, in which the cascade includes at least a first and a second cooling circuit, the second cooling circuit being used, at least in part, for pre-cooling the substance to be liquefied. 13. Способ по п.11 или 12, в котором способ представляет собой способ сжижения потока, обогащенного углеводородами.13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, in which the method is a method of liquefying a stream enriched in hydrocarbons. 14. Способ по п.13, в котором первый охлаждающий контур содержит двуокись углерода.14. The method according to item 13, in which the first cooling circuit contains carbon dioxide. 15. Способ с по существу сбалансированной нагрузкой, с каскадом со смешанным холодильным агентом, включающий контур для предварительного охлаждения с двуокисью углерода.15. A method with a substantially balanced load, with a cascade with a mixed refrigerant, comprising a circuit for pre-cooling with carbon dioxide. 16. Способ по п.15 с по существу сбалансированной нагрузкой, с каскадом со смешанным холодильным агентом, в котором двуокись углерода охлаждают после конденсации до температуры 20°С или меньше.16. The method according to clause 15 with a substantially balanced load, with a cascade with a mixed refrigerant, in which the carbon dioxide is cooled after condensation to a temperature of 20 ° C or less. 17. Способ по п.16 с по существу сбалансированной нагрузкой, в котором двуокись углерода охлаждают до температуры 15°С или меньше.17. The method according to clause 16 with a substantially balanced load, in which carbon dioxide is cooled to a temperature of 15 ° C or less. 18. Способ по п.16 или 17 с по существу сбалансированной нагрузкой, в котором холодную охлаждающую воду используют для охлаждения двуокиси углерода.18. The method according to clause 16 or 17 with a substantially balanced load, in which cold cooling water is used to cool carbon dioxide. 19. Способ по п.18 с по существу сбалансированной нагрузкой, в котором холодная охлаждающая вода представляет собой морскую воду.19. The method according to p. 18 with a substantially balanced load, in which the cold cooling water is sea water. 20. Способ по пп.15, 16, 17 и 19 с по существу сбалансированной нагрузкой, в котором контур предварительного охлаждения с двуокисью углерода включает теплообменник для переохлаждения, установленный после конденсатора.20. The method according to PP.15, 16, 17 and 19 with a substantially balanced load, in which the pre-cooling circuit with carbon dioxide includes a subcooling heat exchanger installed after the condenser. 21. Способ по пп.15, 16, 17 и 19 с по существу сбалансированной нагрузкой, в котором охлаждающий контур с двуокисью углерода включает три величины давления.21. The method according to PP.15, 16, 17 and 19 with a substantially balanced load, in which the cooling circuit with carbon dioxide includes three pressure values. 22. Способ по пп.15, 16, 17 и 19 с по существу сбалансированной нагрузкой, в котором двуокись углерода не переохлаждают в контуре предварительного охлаждения.22. The method according to claims 15, 16, 17 and 19 with a substantially balanced load, in which carbon dioxide is not supercooled in the pre-cooling circuit. 23. Способ по пп.15, 16, 17 и 19 с по существу сбалансированной нагрузкой, в котором корпус для высокого давления используют с компрессором для двуокиси углерода.23. The method according to claims 15, 16, 17 and 19 with a substantially balanced load, wherein the high pressure housing is used with a carbon dioxide compressor. 24. Способ по п.23 с по существу сбалансированной нагрузкой, в котором компрессор разделен на два корпуса, и корпус цилиндрического типа используют для ступени высокого давления.24. The method according to item 23 with a substantially balanced load, in which the compressor is divided into two housings, and a cylindrical housing is used for high pressure stage. 25. Способ сжижения СПГ, включающий три каскадных цикла, каждый из которых приводится в действие компрессором, где компрессоры имеют по существу одинаковую нагрузку, и один из каскадных циклов является циклом с двуокисью углерода.25. A LNG liquefaction process comprising three cascade cycles, each of which is driven by a compressor, where the compressors have substantially the same load, and one of the cascade cycles is a carbon dioxide cycle. 26. Способ сжижения потока, обогащенного углеводородами, где сжижение потока, обогащенного углеводородами, осуществляют в каскаде контуров с холодильным агентом, состоящем из трех холодильных контуров со смешанным холодильным агентом, причем первый из трех холодильных контуров служит для обеспечения предварительного охлаждения, второй холодильный контур служит для обеспечения фактического сжижения, и третий холодильный контур служит для обеспечения переохлаждения сжиженного потока, обогащенного углеводородами, причем каждый холодильный контур включает по меньшей мере один одноступенчатый или многоступенчатый компрессор, отличающийся тем, что по меньшей мере один частичный поток холодильного агента из второго холодильного контура используют для предварительного охлаждения потока, обогащенного углеводородами.26. A method of liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich stream, where the liquefaction of a hydrocarbon-rich stream is carried out in a cascade of circuits with a refrigerant consisting of three refrigerant circuits with a mixed refrigerant, the first of three refrigerant circuits serving to provide pre-cooling, the second refrigerant circuit serves to ensure actual liquefaction, and the third refrigeration circuit serves to provide subcooling of the liquefied stream enriched in hydrocarbons, with each cold ny circuit includes at least one single-stage or multistage compressor, characterized in that at least one partial flow of the refrigerant from the second refrigeration circuit is used for precooling the hydrocarbon-rich flow.
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GB0409103A GB0409103D0 (en) 2003-09-23 2004-04-23 Natural gas liquefaction process
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