RU2004521C1 - Ceramic mixture for manufacturing porcelain - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: production of household porcelain SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: ceramic mass contains, wt.% 1 clay 11 - 122; kaolin 37.5 - 40; pegmatitis 26.1 - 28; silica sand 15.3-18.3; diolside 2.5-4.9; alumina 2.0 - 2Z The products are manufactured according to the following technology - wet grinding of all components is carried out, the preforms are molded into porous forms, dried and fired at 1360 - 1380 ° C with a total duration of 25 - 40 hours. Physicomechanical parameters are as follows: bending strength 89-93 MPa, whiteness 662 - 67%, translucency 52 - 96%. 2 tab.

Description

The invention relates to compositions of ceramic materials for the manufacture of household porcelain and can be used in the manufacture of building porcelain.

A ceramic mass is known for the manufacture of it-}: fyrfor products containing-.,. : -ps.%: clay 3-11; kaolin 27.7-48; sawn spar 10-17; magnesite 0.5-8; clay, etc. P, K 8, secondary quartz- ioe i0-46.3 concentrate; bentonite activated by soda 0.5-3; silica sand 0.15-22 1.

The disadvantage of this ceramic mass is the multicomponent composition, as well as the presence of a concentrate of secondary quartzites, magnesite and feldspar, requiring additional grinding operations.

Closest to the invention is the mass for the production of electrophore and household porcelain of the following composition, wt.%: Kaolin 43.50; Troshkovsk clay 5.43; Veselovsk clay 5.48} Chulinsky peg patig 5, 1B; female pegmatitis 11.06; quartz sand 26.08; commercial alumina 2.17, with diopside added at 100% grade 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 wt.% 2.

The disadvantage of this mass is that it has low whiteness and low incidence of porcelain.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the whiteness and translucency of porcelain products.

This is achieved due to the fact that the ceramic mass for the manufacture of porcelain, including clay, kaolin, pegmatite, silica sand, diopside and alumina, contains these components in the following ratio, wt.%:

Clay 11-12,2

Kaolin 37.5-40

Pegmatite26.1-28

Quartz sand. 15.3-18.3

Diopside 2.5-4.9

Alumina2-2.2

Diopside has the following chemical composition, wt.%:

56.15-60.55 Traces 0.46-1.36 0.38-0.54 20.72-23.94 13-16.83 0.18-0.22 0.20-0.26

loss on ignition 0.73-2.34

The proposed diopside is a coarse coarse material consisting of. and. mes.%: diopside - tremolite 74.2-93.3;

quartz 3.8-15.7; feldspar 2 3-5.8, carbonate 0.6-4.3.

The reduced content of free quartz in the composition of diopside improves its quality and allows a more uniform melt to be obtained. The investigated diopside is characterized by the absence of titanium diopside, which gives the porcelain a grayish tint.

0 The content of alkaline-earth oxides (CaO + MdO) 33.72-40.77 wt.% Significantly exceeds their content in the quartz field in spar rocks, which allows to reduce the firing temperature of porcelain

5 at 20-30 ° C.

Dilatometric studies showed that the introduction of 2.5 msec.% Of diopside in the porcelain mass practically does not reduce the sintering interval, reduces the high-temperature expansion interval to 30 ° C and the greatest shrinkage at the end of sintering temperature to 0.4 wt.% Reduces the temperature of maximum mass compaction up to 50 ° C.

5 A change in the pegmatite content to the Side of decreasing (less than 26.1), as well as increasing it higher than 28%, leads to deformation during burning of the finished product.

0 Introduction to the composition of the ceramic mass of alumina helps to stabilize the mass. sys in firing and increasing the whiteness of finished products.

Introduction to quartz sand

5 is due to the need for porcelain mass ratio.

The introduction of components with a prohibitive content in wt% into the ceramic mass leads to a deterioration of porcelain properties.

With an increase in clay content over 12.2 wt.% And kaolin over 40, the whiteness and translucency of porcelain are reduced, since these two components

5 contains the highest content of coloring oxides, and when they are reduced, the ductility of the mass and mechanical strength are reduced.

With increasing diopside content

0 (more than 4.9 wt.%) The mechanical strength of the finished material is reduced, and when it is reduced below 2.5 wt.%, The whiteness and translucency of the products does not increase. An increase in the amount of quartz sand over 18.3 wt.% Leads to a decrease in the mechanical strength of porcelain, and an increase in the content of alumina leads to a decrease in its translucency. A decrease in the amount of these components reduces the quality of the products.

The technologies for manufacturing household porcelain from the proposed ceramic mass are as follows: wet grinding of all components: clay, kaolin, pegmatite, quartz sand, alumina and diopside; grinding is carried out to a fineness characterized by a residue on a sieve G 0056-1.0-1.2%; molding and drying of products is carried out by known methods; firing is carried out at 1360-1380 ° C, the total duration of 25-40 hours

The use of diopside does not require changes and special improvements in the traditional technology for the preparation and roasting of porcelain; preliminary grinding of raw materials in screw crushers and runners is excluded.

Table 1 shows the compositions of the ceramic masses for the manufacture of porcelain.

Experienced porcelain masses are prepared by wet grinding in laboratory ball mills with a ratio of material: balls: water 1: 1.2: 1. The fineness of grinding is controlled by the residue on sieve No. 0056 and amounts to 1-1.2%.

Samples are prepared by casting. No deviations are observed during the casting and drying of the products.

Products are fired at 1360 ° C for 25 hours and at 1380 ° C for 40 hours.

Physico-technical characteristics of porcelain are given in table.2.

As can be seen from table 2, the porcelain whiteness from the developed ceramic mass corresponds to the first grade according to OST 17-84-71 for porcelain tableware and tea - not less than 63%.

Ceramic mass is used to make porcelain of increased strength, does not contain expensive and scarce components; for its preparation, traditional ceramic technology is used, using the equipment available at the enterprises without additional labor costs.

(56) Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 1070132, cl. From 04 to 33/24. 1984.

Alekseev Yu.I. et al. Effect of diopside on porcelain formation and its properties. Glass and Ceramics, 1990, No. 9, p. T9-21.

Table 1

table 2

4

Claims (1)

Claims in the Ratio, May. %: Clay 11-12.2 CERAMIC MASS FOR IZGO- Kaolin in about p PORCELAIN FATIGUE, including gly- 5 Pegmatite 26.1 -28.0 well, kaolin, pegmatite, quartz sand, Quartz sandos-49 diopside and alumina, characterized in that Diopside.on 52 that contains the specified components in bare Alumina