RU199471U1 - Plug-ladder for intercar passage - Google Patents

Abstract

A plug is proposed for sealing an inter-car passage, mainly of permanently formed trains, the cars of which have one vestibule in the front part, which, if necessary, turns into an inclined ladder lowered onto the track for evacuating passengers. The plug is made in the form of a flap and contains an additional frame, the dimensions and shape of which correspond to the size and shape of the coupling frame of the intercar passage, in the lower part of the flap there are means for pivoting with the coupling frame, in the additional frame there is a locking device made with the possibility of engaging with a locking device of the coupling frame, and the control for the locking device of the additional frame is located on the inner side of the flap. The means for the hinge connection with the coupling frame are made with the possibility of engaging with the lateral pins of the coupling frame, and the plug on the upper outer part has a device for supporting the elements of the superstructure of the railway path, which can include an element of elastic material. The plug can have a coating on the inside of a smooth material, which can be made of multilayer and include a layer of thermally insulating material.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to structural elements of passenger railway cars designed to seal the inter-car passage of a tail passenger car with one vestibule. Such cars are used in permanently formed passenger trains with a through passage.

In the present description, certain terms will be used in the following interpretation:

- inner side - the side facing the carriage;

- sealed intercar passage - in the present description - a device for the transfer of passengers from one car to another, including a fence (soufflé) in the form of a bellows connected at the ends with a screwed frame, which serves to connect the transition to the car, and with a coupling frame, which serves to connect crossings of adjacent cars, as well as a bridge located inside the fence. Examples from the prior art: [LLC Ex.Detal, Intercar Passage, URL: http://perehod.eksdetal.ru/ (Date of treatment 04/30/2020)] and [RU 2380252]. In the prior art, it is sometimes called a transition platform or half-transition (see, for example, RU 165585) or a half-coupling (RU 2506184), which is not entirely correct, since an industrial product with structural unity is precisely a “half-transition”, and not a connection of two identical "Semi-transitions" from adjacent cars. In the present description, the adjectives "sealed" and "intercar" are in most cases omitted for brevity;

- plug - according to [New Polytechnic Dictionary / M .: "Great Russian Encyclopedia", 2000. P. 166], - "Plug is a part that hermetically closes the internal cavities of structures." In the present description, a device made in the form of a flap and intended for closing the free (coupling) end of the intercar passage of the last (tail) car of the train or an opening in its end part in order to prevent unauthorized entry into the car, dust and moisture entering the passage and the car.

- shield - an element made mainly of sheet material and representing the basis of covers, plugs, panels, the length and width of which are many times greater than its thickness [P.I. Orlov. Fundamentals of design, vol. 1 / M .: "Mechanical engineering", 1988. S. 191].

The expressions "top" and "bottom" refer to the plug in the working position, that is, installed on the inter-car passage. The expressions "back", "front" mean the qualification "along the train", omitted for brevity.

To improve safety, it is necessary to facilitate in every possible way the evacuation of passengers from the emergency car or locomotive. To do this, their design provides for additional emergency exits. Moreover, such exits are additionally supplied with ladders (ramps, ramps) for the safe descent of people from the height of the car (cabin) floor onto the track.

A number of constructive solutions for such exits are known, including a door that forms part of the outer bypass of the carriage or locomotive body [RU 186696, RU 2552401, EP 0776808], and a separate, usually folding, ladder - smooth [ES 2133093] or with steps [RU 2552401], thrown out of the car after opening the door. It is also known a solution when a non-folding ladder with steps is attached in a vertical position to the door at the front of the motor car or locomotive with the possibility of folding onto the track on horizontal hinges at the bottom of the door [US 4216725]. Doors can be opened on vertical hinges [US 4216725], horizontal hinges at the top of the door [EP 0776808, ES 2130027, US 8561549] or slide sideways [CN 109177999, GB 2420105].

All known solutions require a special arrangement of the carriage or locomotive body, and therefore their use is impossible on already built and operated cars. In addition, ladders with steps are good for evacuating from the driver's cab, in which there are rarely more than two physically healthy people. They are not suitable for the prompt evacuation of passengers, among whom there are infirm and disabled people.

Common to all passenger cars of locomotive traction is the presence of openings in the end parts, to which the intercar passages are attached. In trains made up of cars of traditional design, for example, type TsMVO-66 [Cars: textbook for higher educational institutions of railway. transport Ed. LA Shadura / M .: Transport, 1980. S. 382], backward in the course of the train, the free passage of the tail car remains open, and the vestibule is separated from the external environment by a door installed at the end of the car.

In modern trains with pressurized inter-car passages and a through passage, the cars do not have doors in the end parts. Therefore, the opening in the end part of the last car of the train, in order to seal it, must be plugged with a special part or device, hereinafter called a plug.

Traditional passenger cars have two exits to the vestibules at the ends, and from each vestibule it is possible to exit through two side doors or through an end door and an inter-car passage to an adjacent car. Thus, in an emergency, for example, in the event of a fire or smoke, the evacuation of passengers is possible in two directions through six doors.

Currently, the production of locomotive-hauled passenger cars of models 61-4516, 61-4517 and 61-4529 with pressurized inter-car passages and a through passage with only one vestibule is being mastered. This solution allows placing vending machines, coffee machines, refrigerators and microwave ovens in place of the second vestibule without reducing passenger seats. In trains of such cars, passengers can still leave the emergency car in two directions: through the vestibule of their own car and through the pressurized inter-car passage and the vestibule of a neighboring car. However, the exit from the tail car of the train is possible only through the single front vestibule, since the opening in the rear end part of the tail car is closed with a plug.

Known plug for sealing the opening in the end part of the tail car of trains of constant formation with a through passage, made in the form of a solid flat shield (panel) with means located outside the car for fastening to its end part. installed on carriages of model 81-766 of the metro train [Moscow (subway car). URL: https://wiki2.org/ru/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3% D0% BE% D0% BD_% D0% BC% D0% B5% D1% 82% D1% 80% D0% BE) (Date of treatment 04/30/2020)]. The known plug is installed at the rear passage of the tail car instead of the passage or at its free end. The connecting dimensions of the known plug correspond to the connecting dimensions of the screwed-on transition frame, instead of which it is installed. They can also correspond to the connecting dimensions of the coupling frame of the transition, since in long-distance trains, the transition from the rear of the tail car is not removed in case the train needs to be re-formed on the way, for example, due to the failure of one of the cars.

The main disadvantage of the known plug is that it reduces the safety of driving in a car with one vestibule, since it is attached by bolts located outside and cannot be quickly removed. For the evacuation of passengers, there is only a way through the only vestibule in the front of the carriage. This more than doubles the evacuation time, thereby reducing the safety of the car.

The objective of this utility model is to improve the safety of cars for permanently formed trains with a through passage, having one vestibule, by creating the possibility of prompt evacuation of passengers from the tail car of the train through the opening in its rear end part.

The technical result from the use of the proposed utility model is to improve the safety of the tail carriages of the train having one vestibule.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the known plug for sealing the inter-car passage, including the coupling frame, made in the form of a flap, contains an additional frame, the dimensions and shape of which correspond to the dimensions and shape of the hitch frame, in the lower part of the flap there are means for hinged connection with the coupling frame , in the additional frame there is a locking device made with the possibility of engaging with the locking device of the hitch frame, and the control for the locking device of the additional frame is located on the inner side of the shield.

In addition, the means for pivoting with the coupling frame are adapted to engage on the side pins of the coupling frame.

In addition, the plug on the upper outer part has a device for supporting on the elements of the railway track superstructure.

In addition, the attachment of the support device is configured to adjust the distance between this device and the upper end of the plug.

In addition, the support device includes a member made of an elastic material.

In addition, the flap has a smooth coating on the inside.

In addition, the smooth finish is a layer of enamel paint.

In addition, the smooth cover is made of smooth material upholstery.

In addition, the upholstery is removable.

In addition, the upholstery is made of multilayer and includes a layer of heat-insulating material.

In addition, on the inner side in the upper part of the plug has a roller made of elastic material.

Due to the fact that the plug made in the form of a flap contains an additional frame, the dimensions and shape of which correspond to the dimensions and shape of the coupling frame of the transition, in the lower part it contains means for a hinge connection with the coupling frame, a locking device is placed in the frame, made with the possibility of engaging with a locking device of the coupling frame, and the control for the locking device of the additional frame is located on the inner side of the dashboard, the safety of passengers in the tail car of the train with a through passage, which has one vestibule, is increased. Safety is increased due to the fact that the above-described features together make it possible to quickly unhook the plug and the transition, fold the plug on the hinge onto the track and turn it, thus, into a ladder for the speedy evacuation of passengers by sliding, including the infirm and disabled.

Due to the fact that the means for pivoting with the transition coupling frame are made with the possibility of engaging with the lateral pins of the transition coupling frame, the use of the proposed plug becomes possible without any modifications to the transition coupling frame. This is an important advantage, since when the composition is reorganized, the plug will be moved from transition to transition.

Due to the fact that the plug on the upper outer part has a device for supporting on the elements of the superstructure of the railway track, as well as the fact that the fastening of the support device is configured to adjust the distance between this device and the upper end of the plug, the safety of evacuation of passengers is increased, since the height of the lower the end of the plug in the folded-out position is clearly fixed at the optimum level for safety.

Due to the fact that the support device includes an element of elastic material, damage to the plug is prevented when it is folded onto the track, which also contributes to increased safety.

By making the coating on the inner side of the flap smooth, in particular in the form of a layer of enamel paint, the safety of the evacuation of passengers is increased due to the good sliding of the cloth of the clothing on the enamel and minimizing the risk of clothing snagging on the surface of the flap of the plug.

Due to the implementation of a smooth covering in the form of upholstery made of smooth material, the likelihood of bruises on the hard material of the shield is reduced, which increases the safety of the evacuation of passengers.

Due to the implementation of the removable upholstery, the safety of the evacuation of passengers increases, since in case of damage to the upholstery, it can be easily replaced with a new one even on the way.

Due to the implementation of the multilayer upholstery and the inclusion of a layer of heat-insulating material in it, the safety of the evacuation of passengers increases, since this excludes the formation of frost and ice on it in winter.

Due to the fact that on the inner side in the upper part of the plug has a roller made of elastic material, the safety of evacuation of passengers is increased, since at the end of the descent they do not fly out onto the path, but can stop, resting their feet on the roller.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a side view of a sealed intercar passage with the proposed plug installed on it.

FIG. 2 shows, on a reduced scale, the rear of the tail car of a train with an inter-carriage passage and a plug folded out onto the track for use as an emergency gangway.

The proposed plug (Fig. 1) consists of a shield 1 and an additional frame 2 (hereinafter referred to as frame 2), fastened together to form a detachable or non-detachable connection. To make the connection tight, a gasket, not shown in the drawing, can be installed between them. Shield 1 is made of thin sheet material, metal or plastic. It can be flat in the form of a smooth sheet. To reduce the thickness and weight, it can have different profiles of stiffness. In this case, it is preferable that the flap 1 has a trough-like shape, as shown in the drawing. In countries with a warm climate, the surface of the shield 1 facing the carriage may be coated with enamel paint. For Russian conditions, it is preferable that, in addition to the paint layer, the cover of the flap was made in the form of an upholstery 3, preferably removable (upper part of Fig. 1). To prevent heat loss and frost formation, the upholstery can be multi-layered and, in addition to the finishing outer layer 4, include a layer 5 of heat-insulating material (lower part of Fig. 1). In the upper part of the plug on the side facing the carriage, there is a roller 6 of an elastic material fastened to it, which serves as a support for the feet of the passenger who slides down the plug when it turns into a ladder for evacuating the passenger

The inter-car passage includes a guard (soufflé) 7 in the form of a bellows made of elastic material, fastened at the ends with a screwed and coupling 8 frames. Sagging of the transition is prevented by hanging it on rods 9, hooked on mushroom pins 10, installed in the lower part of the coupling frame 8.

The gasket 11 serves to seal the joint between frames 2 and 8.

To eliminate errors when installing the plug on the transition, to facilitate and accelerate this process, its frame 2 may contain means for centering it relative to the coupling frame 8, made, for example, in the form of pins and sockets.

The optimal design of the frame 2 is when it simply completely repeats the coupling frame 8 (Fig. 1) or at least is similar in shape and size. In the widely used in Russia sealed inter-car passages of the company Huebner (Germany), the means for fastening the frames are locking devices using movable hooks with hooks. The frames 2 and 8 to be fastened have one hook 12 and 13, respectively, and one groove with hooks 14 and 15 on each of the uprights, as shown in FIG. 1, where the upper hook 12 belongs to the frame 8, and the lower 13 to the frame 2, with both hooks belonging to the posts of one side. The hooks are attached to movable bars 16 and 17, each of which can be moved up and down using a mechanism that includes a system of links between the movable bars and a control handle, which should be located on the inside of the plug in order to quickly release the exit from the car in an emergency.

At the bottom of the frame 2 there is a means for pivoting with the coupling frame 8. As an example of such a means, FIG. 1 shows a lever-hinge mechanism including a lever 19 and a lever 20 connected by a hinge 18, one of the ends of which is made in the form of a hook. The hook of the lever 20 is made with the possibility of engaging (throwing) on the trunnion 10 installed in the lower part of the frame 8. This allows the plug to be attached to the frame 8 without resorting to retrofitting it with any devices. The second end of the lever 19 is connected to the frame 2 through the hinge 21. The described means allows the plug to be folded onto the track, transforming it into a ladder, and at the same time moving it away from the car so that it does not lie on the hitch.

To mitigate the impact of the upper part of the plug on the path when it is folded back, a cable 22 (Fig. 2) can be used, the release rate of which can be regulated by means of frictional or pneumatic braking devices. It is also possible to use a miniature winch. After lowering the plug onto the path, the cable 22 can be used as a railing, tensioned by the folding post 23.

In the upper part of the plug, a device 24 can be installed to support the upper part of the plug on the elements of the superstructure: sleepers, rails or ballast. It can be made in the form of a solid curved shield, or in the form of two or more elastic plates, close to the ski toe in shape, for support on sleepers and ballast, or in the form of a horizontal beam, the length of which exceeds the track width, for support on the rails. The attachment of the device 24 to the flap 1 can be made with the possibility of adjusting the distance between this device and the upper end of the flap, which makes it possible to adjust and clearly fix the height of the lower end of the plug in the folded position above the sleepers at an optimal level for safety at a level of rail head excess characteristic for a given road over the middle of the sleepers.

When installing the plug, it is first laid in a horizontal position on a wooden lining installed on the wagon hitch. The hooks of the levers 20 are thrown over the trunnions 10, then the plug is brought to a vertical position and moved to the hitch frame 8. The hooks 12 and 13 enter the corresponding slots of the frames, after which, by turning the handle of the locking devices of both frames, the strips 16 and 17 are lowered down, the hooks 12 and 13, sliding with their beveled edges along the hooks 14 and 15, tightly pull the frames to each other, thereby compressing the gasket 11.

The proposed plug turns into an emergency ladder as follows.

By turning the handles of the locking devices of the frames 2 and 8, the hooks 12 and 13 are released from the hooks 14 and 15. By pushing the legs, the lower part of the plug, thanks to the hinge 18, is pushed away from the hitch frame 8 by a distance sufficient to prevent the flap 1 from contacting the hitch 25 when the plug is folded onto the path. The cable 22 is partially released and, separating the upper part of the plug from the frame 8 and the gasket 11 and turning it on the hinge 21, the upper end is lowered onto the path until the device 24 rests on the sleepers or rails.

The descent of passengers with sliding on upholstery 3 or layer 4 is carried out in a lying or sitting position. Completing the descent, the passenger rests his feet on the elastic roller 6. The first to descend the carriage conductor. He immediately raises the struts 23, pulling the cables 22, and helps the descended passengers to get up and move away from the gangway.

After completion of the evacuation, the plug can be disconnected from the crossing and installed on the crossing of the car, which, after detaching the emergency car, will turn into a tail plug. The installation does not require special and lifting devices and can be performed by three or four people from the train crew.

Claims (11)

1. A plug for sealing an inter-car passage, including a coupling frame, made in the form of a flap, characterized in that it contains an additional frame, the dimensions and shape of which correspond to the dimensions and shape of the hitch frame; in the lower part of the flap, means for articulating with the coupling frame are made, in the additional frame there is a locking device made with the possibility of engaging with the locking device of the coupling frame, and the control for the locking device of the additional frame is located on the inner side of the shield. 2. The plug according to claim. 1, characterized in that the means for pivoting with the coupling frame are made with the possibility of engaging with the lateral pins of the coupling frame. 3. The plug according to claim 1, characterized in that on the upper outer part it has a device for supporting the elements of the railway track superstructure. 4. The plug according to claim 3, characterized in that the fastening of the device for the support is configured to adjust the distance between this device and the upper end of the plug. 5. The plug according to claim 3, characterized in that the support device includes an element made of an elastic material. 6. The plug according to claim 1, characterized in that the flap has a smooth coating on the inside. 7. The plug according to claim 6, characterized in that the smooth coating is made in the form of a layer of enamel paint. 8. The plug according to claim. 7, characterized in that the smooth cover is made in the form of an upholstery of a smooth material. 9. The plug according to claim 8, wherein the upholstery is removable. 10. The plug according to claim. 8, characterized in that the upholstery is made of multilayer and includes a layer of heat-insulating material. 11. The plug according to claim 1, characterized in that on the inner side in the upper part it has a roll of elastic material.

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