RU197245U1 - Greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical solution relates to agriculture, in particular to structures of protected soil - greenhouses, hotbeds, etc. The greenhouse contains a translucent fence 1 made in the form of sheets of cellular polycarbonate mounted on a support frame. Guides 4 of a C-shaped profile with longitudinal grooves 5 are fixed to the transverse supporting elements 2 thereof. The width of the groove 5 of the guide 4 is at least two thicknesses of the movable sheet of cellular polycarbonate. The movable sheets are overlapped, the overlap is not less than the width of the edge plate 10. The movable sheets at the edges are provided with edge plates 10 fixed on them, at the edges of which the stiffeners 11 are fixed. modes "greenhouse", "ventilation", "access to plants" or "rain irrigation".

Description

The technical solution relates to agriculture, in particular to the construction of protected soil - greenhouses, hotbeds, etc.

Known greenhouse containing a solid translucent fence in the form of sheets, a supporting frame consisting of two end and tunnel parts, on the transverse supporting elements of the tunnel part of which are guides with longitudinal grooves [1]. In each span, a translucent fence consists of three sheets - two lower, fixed fixed between the profiles of the transverse parts of the frame and the guides, the top, made with the possibility of movement in the grooves of the rails, mounted directly on the transverse parts of the frame, the movable sheet along the horizontal edges is equipped with fixedly fixed on it edge strips that simultaneously perform the function of handles. The disadvantage of the greenhouse is the impossibility of moving all the sheets of the translucent fence, and therefore ensuring free access to the inside of the greenhouse from the outside, for example, for weeding the plants along the edges.

Also known is the prototype of a greenhouse design containing a translucent fence made in the form of sheets of cellular polycarbonate mounted on a support frame. Guides from an E-profile with longitudinal grooves are fixed to the transverse load-bearing elements [2]. All sheets of translucent fencing in each passage of the tunnel part are made with the possibility of movement. At the edges, the movable sheets are provided with edge strips fixed to them, at the edges of which stiffeners are fixed.

The disadvantages of the greenhouse are the complex design of the E-shaped profile, the ability to install in all sections only one type of spans (with four movable sheets). In addition, the presence of a gap formed between the sheets does not provide a closed volume of the greenhouse and requires additional structural elements to close it.

The technical result of the proposed design is to simplify the design of the greenhouse while increasing the manufacturability of its manufacture and ease of use. In existing greenhouses, the construction quite rigidly sets possible options for operation. To change the mode, it is necessary to replace the guides, changing the design. In the proposed greenhouse, the guide included in the kit serves as the basis for various uses of the greenhouse without requiring replacement. The requirements arising during the operation for changing the access and airing regime do not entail changes in the type and design of the guides, but only require the replacement or addition of movable sheets. Convenience of operation is achieved by the fact that various modes can be provided in different sections of the greenhouse.

Moreover, depending on the needs, for example, for crop rotation, the access mode can be easily and quickly changed, it becomes possible to arbitrarily change the span combination during operation by replacing the movable sheets in the existing structure without the need to alter the frame and guides. In different spans or sections of a greenhouse consisting of several spans, you can set the modes “greenhouse”, “ventilation”, “access to plants” or “rain irrigation”.

The technical result is achieved by using a C-shaped profile with a groove width of the guide of at least twice the thickness of the sheet of cellular polycarbonate. The stiffening elements along the edges of the movable sheet provide rigid fastening of the sheet at four points, which ensures the fixation of the movable sheets of the translucent fence in arbitrary positions and exclude their spontaneous displacement. At the same time, a gap in the guide groove along the edge of the sheet reduces friction and the effort to move the sheets in the longitudinal grooves relative to other sheets.

The installation of movable sheets in the groove of the guide with an overlap on each other, not less than the width of the edge strip, provides structural rigidity. A smaller lap size may cause the sheets to drop, jumping off one another. In addition, the overlap eliminates the gap formed between the movable sheets when using the E-shaped profile, providing a closed volume of the greenhouse.

Ease of use is ensured by the ease of changing the “greenhouse”, “ventilation”, “access to plants” or “rain watering” mode. Alternatively, it becomes possible to use the opening formed in the “access to plants” mode as a door to the greenhouse, excluding the presence of doors in the end parts, which greatly simplifies the design and manufacturability.

The described device is illustrated by drawings of FIG. 1-5.

In FIG. 1 shows the position of the movable sheets of the translucent fence in the guides of the profile and the fastening of the profile to the supporting frame. In FIG. 2 shows a general view of a greenhouse with spans “with four sliding sheets”. In FIG. 3 shows a general view of a greenhouse with spans “with three movable sheets” and in FIG. 4, a greenhouse with spans “with three movable sheets”. In FIG. 5 shows the fastening of the ridge of the greenhouse.

An indication of the number of “sliding sheets” in the name of the greenhouse is a marketing designation of the span of the greenhouse and is determined by the number of moving sheets in one span. In this case, the total number of movable sheets in the greenhouse varies depending on the number of spans. In addition, one greenhouse can contain both spans of the same type, and spans of different types, in various combinations.

Depicted in FIG. 1, the greenhouse assembly contains a translucent fence 1 made in the form of sheets of cellular polycarbonate mounted on a support frame consisting of a tunnel part containing spans made of transverse 2 and longitudinal 3 parts, and two end parts. The frame in cross section has the shape of an arc (arched greenhouse). On the transverse supporting elements 2, guides 4 from the profile are fixed with longitudinal grooves 5 located towards each other. In the tunnel part, the movable sheets of cellular polycarbonate 6, 7, 8, 9 are installed in each span in the longitudinal grooves 5 of the guides 4 with the possibility of movement relative to other sheets. The width of the groove 5 of the guide 4 is at least two thicknesses of the movable sheet of cellular polycarbonate. The movable sheets are overlapped, the overlap is not less than the width of the edge strip 10. The profile can be made of polycarbonate or other materials.

The edge strips 10 are fixedly fixed along the edges of the sliding sheets, for example with the help of self-tapping screws, and simultaneously fulfill the function of handles made, for example, in the form of a profile pipe. They can be located both outside (Fig. 1) and inside the greenhouse, depending on the design.

In the spans “with four sliding sheets” (figure 2), the upper movable sheets are overlapped on top of the lower sheets. At the upper movable sheets, the lower edge strips 10 are installed outside the greenhouse, and the upper edge strips inside. At the lower movable sheets, the upper edge strips 10 are installed inside, and the lower ones are outside the greenhouse.

On the edges of the edge strips 10 are fixed, for example, using self-tapping screws, stiffeners 11 made in the form of rectangular plates with rounded corners, protruding beyond the edges of the sliding sheet and abutting the base of the groove 5 of profile 4.

In a greenhouse with four sliding sheets at the top of the arc of the transverse load-bearing elements 2, a ridge 12 is fixed on the guides 4 from the profile — a bar that closes the gap between the upper movable sheets of cellular polycarbonate (Fig. 5).

In the spans of the greenhouse with “three sliding sheets” (Fig. 3), both edge strips 10 of the upper movable sheet are located outside, at the side movable sheets, the upper edge strips 10 are located inside and the lower ones are outside. The upper movable sheet is overlapped on top of two lateral movable sheets.

In the spans of the greenhouse “with two sliding sheets” (Fig. 4), each movable sheet has one edge strip inside and the other outside the greenhouse. On the overlapping movable sheet, the upper edge strip 10 is located outside, respectively, at the second movable sheet, the upper edge strip is located inside.

Depicted in FIG. 2-4 greenhouses are assembled by traditional methods using any type of connection - welding, clamps, brackets, inserts, etc. On the transverse supporting elements 2 by means of, for example, self-tapping screws, guides 4 of the profile are fixed with longitudinal grooves 5. The guides 4 are fixed with the arrangement of grooves 5 towards each other.

On the cut-to-size sheet of cellular polycarbonate, for example using self-tapping screws, edge strips 10 are fixedly attached to which stiffeners 11 are attached at the edges.

Due to the elasticity of cellular polycarbonate, the movable sheets have an arc contact with the walls of the profile 4 of the guide 5, additional reliability of fastening is provided by stiffeners 11.

The installation of the plates 11 is carried out locally and allows you to adjust the errors in the manufacture and assembly of the structure. The implementation of the stiffening elements 11 with oblong holes (Fig. 5) allows you to easily adjust the wear of the base of the profile during operation by shifting along the screws.

These greenhouses are operated as follows. In FIG. 2. The sliding sheets 6, 7, 8, 9 are located in the positions corresponding to different modes of operation of the greenhouse. So the sliding sheets 6 are located in a position that provides a mode of "ventilation". The mode provides effective ventilation of the greenhouse.

The position of the movable sheets 7 provides the “rain watering” mode, also used in winter time to minimize snow load on the structure.

The movable sheets 8 are in the “access to plants” position used for treating plants and soil near them. The position of the movable sheets 9 provides the input mode. In the closed position, the sheets form a closed volume, providing a “greenhouse” mode.

For additional fixing of the movable sheets in certain positions, any locking elements, for example, friction type or latches, can be used.

In comparison with the prototype, the claimed greenhouse is simpler in design and manufacturing technology, as well as more convenient to operate due to the possibility of implementing several modes of use.

Literature

1. RF patent No. 146697, IPC A01J 9/14 Greenhouse (options) / Raspopov S.S. / 2014125508/13, 06/25/2014; publ. 06/25/2014

2. RF patent No. 189862, IPC A01G 9/14 Toeplitz / Kononov A.G. / 2019108229, 03/21/2019; publ. 06/06/2019 - prototype.

Claims (5)

1. A greenhouse containing a translucent fence made in the form of sheets of honeycomb polycarbonate and mounted on a support frame consisting of a tunnel part containing spans made of transverse and longitudinal parts, and end parts, while guides from the profile are located on transverse arcuate bearing elements with longitudinal grooves located towards each other; in the tunnel part, in each span, the sheets are mounted in longitudinal grooves of the guides with the possibility of moving relative to other sheets, edge strips are fixedly fixed on the free edges of the sheet, stiffeners are fixed along the edges of the edge strips, characterized in that the width of the guide groove is at least twice the thickness of the honeycomb sheet polycarbonate, sheets of cellular polycarbonate are installed in the groove of the guide with an overlap on each other, the overlap is not less than the width of the edge strip. 2. A greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that two movable sheets are installed in each span, on the upper sheet overlapping on top, the upper edge strip is located outside, and the lower edge strip is inside, respectively, for the second movable sheet, the upper edge strip is located inside, and The lower edge strip is located outside. 3. A greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that three movable sheets are installed in each span, the upper movable sheet is overlapped on top by two lateral movable sheets, both edge strips of the upper movable sheet are located outside, at the side movable sheets the upper edge strips are located inside and the lower ones outside. 4. A greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that four movable sheets are installed in each span, the upper movable sheets are overlapped on top of the lower sheets, the lower edge strips of the upper movable sheets are installed outside the greenhouse, and the upper edge strips are inside, at the lower of movable sheets, the upper edge strips are installed inside, and the lower edge strips are installed outside the greenhouse. 5. A greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that it can contain spans with the number of movable sheets from two to four in various combinations.

Images