RU196579U1 - CATALYTIC COLLECTOR OF THE EXHAUST GAS SYSTEM OF THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to engine building, in particular to the designs of exhaust systems of internal combustion engines (ICE) equipped with a catalytic converter, and can be used to reduce the toxicity of the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine. The catalytic manifold of the exhaust system (exhaust) of the internal combustion engine contains an inlet flange and exhaust flange of the exhaust manifold. The exhaust manifold is made of two half-bodies, which form the nozzles of the exhaust manifold and the gas intake chamber. The pipes of the exhaust manifold are connected at one end to the inlet flange, the other exit into the gas intake chamber and are located in the same plane. The gas reception chamber is equipped with a mounting element of a control oxygen sensor. The gas inlet chamber includes a pipe extending along the outlet openings of the first three nozzles. One of the half-bodies of the exhaust manifold forming the lower part of the gas inlet chamber is connected to the catalyst inlet through the inlet pipe. The catalyst housing is located under the nozzles and the gas intake chamber, and the longitudinal axis XX of the catalyst is parallel to the common axis YY of the exhaust manifold nozzles. The technical result from the use of all the essential features of the utility model is to enable the exhaust manifold to be installed in complex layout solutions with insufficient space in the engine compartment car, including for cars equipped with all-wheel drive, having a transfer box or a selection box m as part of the power unit generality in improving exhaust gas flow distribution on the surface of the catalyst unit (rate ensuring uniform flow rate over 0.92) and ensuring the best exhaust gas purification to achieve the Euro 6 exhaust emission regulations and higher.

Description

The utility model relates to engine building, in particular to the designs of exhaust systems of internal combustion engines (ICE) equipped with a catalytic converter, and can be used to reduce the toxicity of the exhaust gases of ICE.

A known catalytic exhaust manifold (exhaust gas) of an internal combustion engine comprising a monoblock housing with a catalytic carrier, equipped with a heat insulating casing installed with a gap relative to it, at the outlet of which there is a gas mixing chamber with a connecting flange to the exhaust path of the internal combustion engine, and a gas reception chamber at the inlet with nozzles for supplying exhaust gases from the cylinders of the internal combustion engine, the monoblock body with a catalytic carrier, gas receiving th and gas mixing chambers are designed as welded in the longitudinal axial connector half-shells (see. RF patent for useful model №30855, IPC 7 F01N 3/28, 2003).

A known catalytic exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine containing a branched flow pipe composed of separate nozzles, the number of which corresponds to the number of ICE cylinders, the inlet ends of which are fixed in the connecting flange of the catalytic manifold to the ICE body, and the outlet on a common gas reception chamber. The gas reception chamber is equipped with a mounting element of a control oxygen sensor, and is telescopically inextricably interfaced with the housing of the catalytic carrier. The flow line and the gas inlet chamber are made together of two shaped stamped and permanently connected to each other along the longitudinal axis of the halves. The connecting flange for attaching the catalytic collector to the engine body is basically rectangular, and the input ends of the individual nozzles of the flow pipe are fixed in the connecting flange for attaching the catalytic collector to the engine case at the same distance from each other (see RF patent No. 91110, IPC F01N 3 / 28 (2006.01), 2010).

Known exhaust manifold for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines, which is formed from the first and second sheathing of sheet metal, and the specified first and second sheathing are in a connected state with individually discharged from the cylinders exhaust pipes and a gas reception chamber into which the exhaust pipes open together and lead to an opening connected to an exhaust system or catalyst. The first and second shells are made in the form of castings and are provided with a plane for welding. The gas reception chamber has a round or oval cross section. On the hollow embossed side of the second shell, the chamber has a funnel shape, tapering towards the outlet. The exhaust gas sensor is located in the gas intake chamber in the stream of all exhaust pipes (see patent EP1083307, IPC F01N 3/28 (2001.01), 2001).

A known catalytic manifold of the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine containing a branched flow line composed of separate nozzles, the number of which corresponds to the number of ICE cylinders, the inlet ends of which are fixed in the connecting flange of the catalytic manifold to the ICE housing, converging at the outlet in a common gas reception chamber. The gas reception chamber is equipped with a mounting element of a control oxygen sensor and is interfaced with the housing of the catalytic carrier. The flow pipeline is made of two halves shaped and permanently mated to each other, with the formation of when they are mating in the inter-tube space of flat sections that are in close mutual contact, the outer edges of the halves being made in the form of flat flanges, the ends of which at the inlet of the pipes are mated to the connecting the catalytic manifold mounting flange, and at the outlet of the flow pipe, they are permanently attached to the catalytic carrier body. The inlet ends of the nozzles are partially placed and permanently fixed in the corresponding holes of the connecting flange. The longitudinal curvature of the end pipes of the flow pipe exceeds the longitudinal curvature of the pipes located between them. The geometric center of the mounting element of the control oxygen sensor is located at an equal distance from the geometric centers of the through connecting holes of the connecting flange under the extreme pipes of the flow pipe (see RF patent No. 67647 IPC F01N 3/28 (2006.01), 2007).

The disadvantage of all the above solutions is the lack of efficiency of the collector, caused by the uneven flow rates of the oxygen sensor element and the not optimal angle of flow around the oxygen sensor element. This disadvantage is due to the fact that the side pipes for supplying exhaust gases from the cylinders of the internal combustion engine are located practically on the same line opposite each other. Such a constructive solution leads, first, to the occurrence of excessive turbulence in the gas reception chamber, as well as the penetration of gases from one pipe to another (since the release in different cylinders occurs at different times), which entails a deterioration in the tracking of the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gases and , accordingly, the deterioration of the regulation of the composition of the fuel-air mixture (FA).

A tightly coupled exhaust manifold catalyst structure is known comprising an inlet end flange (5), an outlet end flange (1), a catalyst (2), a left exhaust manifold housing (4) and a right exhaust manifold housing (3). The left exhaust manifold cover (4) and the right exhaust manifold cover (3) are stamped and welded to form the exhaust manifold. Each nozzle is in the same plane, the right casing of the exhaust manifold (3) is connected to the catalyst (2), and the lower end of the exhaust manifold is connected to the inlet flange (5) (see patent CN202431347, IPC F01N 3/28 (2006.01), 2012 .). This decision was made as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the limited use of it in complex layout solutions with a lack of space in the engine compartment of the car, including for cars equipped with all-wheel drive, which has a transfer box or power take-off in the power unit. In addition, the location of the nozzles in the same plane and at opposite angles to each other, as well as a sharp transition to the inlet cone of the gas reception chamber, increase the turbulence of the gas flow and increase the difference in gas flow velocities in the region of the control oxygen sensor (low distribution of the flow velocity at the oxygen sensor ), which makes it difficult to precisely control the composition of the fuel-air mixture and reduces the efficiency of exhaust gas cleaning.

The technical problem solved by the utility model is to increase the efficiency of the catalytic manifold for complex layout solutions with a lack of space in the engine compartment of the engine, ensuring a uniformity of the flow velocity uniformity of 0.92 or more and an index of the distribution of flow velocities at the oxygen sensor of 75% or more by optimizing the direction exhaust gas flow.

The posed technical problem is solved due to the fact that in the known catalytic manifold of the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine containing an inlet flange, an exhaust flange of an exhaust manifold formed of two half bodies forming nozzles of an exhaust manifold and a gas reception chamber with a mounting element of an oxygen control sensor, one from the half-bodies of the exhaust manifold, forming the lower part of the gas intake chamber, is connected to the inlet of the catalyst, and the pipe and the exhaust manifold are connected at one end to the inlet flange, the other exit into the gas reception chamber and are located in the same plane, in accordance with the utility model, the catalyst housing is located under the nozzles and the gas reception chamber, the longitudinal axis of the catalyst parallel to the common axis of the exhaust manifold pipes, and the gas reception chamber connected to the inlet of the catalyst through the intake pipe.

The gas reception chamber includes a pipe extending along the outlets of the first three nozzles.

The technical result from the use of all the essential features of the utility model is to provide the possibility of installing the exhaust manifold in complex layout solutions with a lack of space in the engine compartment of the car, including for vehicles equipped with all-wheel drive, which has a transfer box or power take-off in the power unit improving the distribution of the exhaust gas flow on the surface of the catalytic block (providing a coefficient of uniformity of flow rates of more than 0.92) and ensuring the best possible exhaust gas purification in order to achieve exhaust emission standards Euro-6 and above.

Placing the catalyst housing under the nozzles and the gas intake chamber, when the longitudinal axis of the catalyst is parallel to the common axis of the exhaust manifold nozzles, and connecting the gas intake chamber to the catalyst inlet through the exhaust pipe, allows the device to be used in complex layout solutions with a lack of space in the engine compartment of the car, including for cars equipped with all-wheel drive, which has a transfer case or power take-off as part of the power unit. The horizontal location of the catalyst relative to the plane of the cylinder head of the engine allows to reduce the overall dimensions of the catalytic collector.

With this position of the catalyst, the path of the exhaust gas from the engine to the catalyst, in turn, increases, which improves the distribution of the exhaust gas flow on the surface of the catalytic block of the catalyst (UI> 0.92) and ensures the best exhaust gas purification in order to achieve Euro-6 exhaust emission standards and higher. The implementation of the gas reception chamber, including an elongated pipe running along the outlet openings of the first three nozzles, provides the greatest uniformity of the exhaust gas flow rates from each cylinder directly at the oxygen sensor sensitive element located in the installation element, which provides the most accurate control of the fuel-air mixture to achieve the window bifunctionality of the catalytic block of the catalyst.

FIG. 1 - general view, axonometry;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the inventive catalytic collector;

FIG. 3 - section aa of figure 1.

The catalytic manifold of the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine, contains an inlet flange 1 and an exhaust flange 2 of the exhaust manifold. The exhaust manifold is formed of two half-bodies 3, 4, which form the nozzles 5, 6, 7, 8, the exhaust manifold and the gas intake chamber 9. The exhaust manifold nozzles 5, 6, 7, 8 are connected at one end to the inlet flange 1, and the second exit gas reception chamber 9 and are located in the same plane. The gas reception chamber 9 is equipped with a mounting element 10 of the control oxygen sensor. The gas reception chamber 9 includes a pipe 11 extending along the outlets of the first three nozzles 5, 6, 7.

One of the half-bodies 4 of the exhaust manifold, forming the lower part 9a of the gas intake chamber, is connected to the inlet 12 of the catalyst 13 through the intake pipe 14. The catalyst housing 13 is located under the nozzles 5, 6, 7, 8 and the gas reception chamber 9, and the longitudinal axis X-X the catalyst 13 is parallel to the common axis YY of the nozzles 5. 6, 7, 8 of the exhaust manifold.

The catalytic manifold operates in the usual manner.

The exhaust gases through the nozzles 5, 6, 7, 8 enter the cavity of the gas receiving chamber 9. Moreover, the exhaust gases leaving the nozzles 5, 6, 7 first enter the pipe 11, where the preliminary mixing takes place. From the lower part 9a of the gas intake chamber 9, the exhaust gases enter the pipe 14 and then pass through the inlet to the catalyst housing 13. The exhaust gases are cleaned from toxic substances to the level required by the standards and are discharged through the gas mixing chamber to the exhaust system and then to the atmosphere.

Such a constructive solution of the catalytic collector can improve the efficiency of the catalytic collector for complex layout solutions with a lack of space in the engine compartment of the engine and provide a uniformity of flow rates of 0.92 or more and an index of distribution of flow rates at the oxygen sensor of 75% or more due to optimization of the flow direction exhaust gas.

The inventive utility model can be used to reduce the toxicity of internal combustion engines to the level of Euro-6.

The proposed technical solution can be manufactured industrially, using standard well-known technological equipment using well-known well-established technologies.

Claims (2)

1. The catalytic manifold of the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, comprising an inlet flange and an exhaust flange of an exhaust manifold made of two half-bodies forming pipe of the exhaust manifold and a gas receiving chamber with a mounting element of an oxygen control sensor, one of the half-bodies of the exhaust manifold forming the lower part the gas reception chamber is connected to the inlet of the catalyst, and the nozzles of the exhaust manifold are connected at one end to the inlet flange I eat a second gas inlet located in the chamber and are arranged in one plane, characterized in that the catalyst body is disposed under the nozzles and the gas inlet chamber, wherein the longitudinal axis is parallel to the common axis of the catalyst exhaust manifold branch pipes, and the gas inlet chamber is connected to the inlet of the catalyst through the exhaust pipe. 2. The catalytic manifold according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas reception chamber includes a pipe extending along the outlet openings of the first three nozzles.

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