RU196558U1 - EXHAUST CATALYTIC COLLECTOR FOR MULTI-CYLINDER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to engine building, in particular to the designs of exhaust systems of internal combustion engines (ICE) equipped with a catalytic converter, and can be used to reduce the toxicity of exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine. An exhaust manifold for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines is formed from the first and second half-bodies made of sheet metal . The half-shells are provided with a plane made along the entire perimeter of the half-shells for a welded joint (see Fig. 2, 3). The half-bodies combine exhaust pipes individually directed from the cylinders and a gas reception chamber into which the exhaust pipes open (see Figs. 1, 2, 3). The exhaust pipes are made shortened and combined by a gas reception pipe belonging to the gas reception chamber. The outlet of the gas inlet chamber is connected to the inlet of the monoblock with a catalytic carrier. The monoblock is connected to the gas mixing chamber. The X-X axis of the gas mixing chamber is displaced relative to the Y-Y axis of the gas receiving chamber towards the exhaust pipe of the first cylinder. The part of the gas receiving chamber, made in the second half-housing, has a funnel shape, tapering to the outlet (see Fig. 3). The part of the gas reception chamber formed by the gas reception pipe in the first half-housing is equipped with an installation element of an oxygen control sensor. The technical result of using all the essential features of the utility model is to increase a number of basic technical characteristics of the catalytic collector, namely, to increase its efficiency in terms of reducing the content of highly toxic components (СО (СН, NOx) in the combustion products of the internal combustion engine and a decrease in gas-dynamic resistance in the exhaust path of the internal combustion engine.

Description

The utility model relates to engine building, in particular to the designs of exhaust systems of internal combustion engines (ICE) equipped with a catalytic converter, and can be used to reduce the toxicity of exhaust gases (exhaust) of ICE.

Known catalytic exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine, comprising a monoblock housing with a catalytic carrier, equipped with a heat insulating casing installed with a gap relative to it, at the outlet of which there is a gas mixing chamber with a connecting flange to the exhaust path of the internal combustion engine, and at the inlet there is a gas reception chamber with supply pipes exhaust gases from the cylinders of an internal combustion engine, the monoblock body with a catalytic carrier, a gas intake and gas mixing chambers are made in the form of half-hulls welded along the longitudinal axial connector (see RF patent for utility model No. 30855, IPC 7 F01N 3/28, 2003).

A known catalytic exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine containing a branched flow pipe composed of separate nozzles, the number of which corresponds to the number of ICE cylinders, the inlet ends of which are fixed in the connecting flange of the catalytic manifold to the ICE body, and the outlet on a common gas reception chamber. The gas reception chamber is equipped with a mounting element of a control oxygen sensor, and is telescopically inextricably interfaced with the housing of the catalytic carrier. The flow line and the gas inlet chamber are made together of two shaped stamped and permanently connected to each other along the longitudinal axis of the halves. The connecting flange for attaching the catalytic collector to the engine body is basically rectangular, and the input ends of the individual nozzles of the flow pipe are fixed in the connecting flange for attaching the catalytic collector to the engine case at the same distance from each other (see RF patent No. 91110, IPC F01N 3 / 28 (2006.01), 2010).

Known catalytic manifold of the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine (ICE) containing a branched flow pipe composed of separate nozzles, the number of which corresponds to the number of ICE cylinders, the inlet ends of which are fixed in the connecting flange of the catalytic manifold to the ICE body and converging at the output in common gas reception chamber. The gas reception chamber is equipped with a mounting element of a control oxygen sensor, and is interfaced with the housing of the catalytic carrier. The flow pipeline is made of two halves shaped and permanently mated to each other, with the formation of when they are mating in the inter-tube space of flat sections that are in close mutual contact, the outer edges of the halves being made in the form of flat flanges, the ends of which at the inlet of the pipes are mated to the connecting the catalytic manifold mounting flange, and at the outlet of the flow pipe, they are permanently attached to the catalytic carrier body. The inlet ends of the nozzles are partially placed and permanently fixed in the corresponding holes of the connecting flange. The longitudinal curvature of the end pipes of the flow pipe exceeds the longitudinal curvature of the pipes located between them. The geometric center of the mounting element of the control oxygen sensor is located at an equal distance from the geometric centers of the through connecting holes of the connecting flange under the extreme pipes of the flow pipe (see RF patent No. 67647 IPC F01N 3/28 (2006.01), 2007).

The disadvantage of all of the above solutions is the lack of efficiency of the collector, caused by increased resistance at the entrance to the catalytic converter. This disadvantage is due to the fact that the side pipes for supplying exhaust gases from the cylinders of the internal combustion engine are located practically on the same line opposite each other. Such a constructive solution leads, first, to the occurrence of turbulence in the gas reception chamber, as well as the penetration of gases from one pipe into another (since the release in different cylinders occurs at different times), which entails a subsequent decrease in engine power.

Known exhaust manifold for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines, which is formed from the first and second sheathing of sheet metal, and the specified first and second sheathing are in a connected state with individually discharged from the cylinders exhaust pipes and a gas reception chamber into which the exhaust pipes open together and lead to an opening connected to an exhaust system or catalyst. The first and second shells are made in the form of castings and are provided with a flat plane for a welded joint. The gas reception chamber has a round or oval cross section. On the hollow embossed side of the second shell, the chamber has a funnel shape, tapering towards the outlet. The exhaust gas sensor is located in the gas intake chamber in the stream of all exhaust pipes (see patent EP1083307, IPC F01N 3/28 (2001.01), 2001). This decision was made as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the prototype is not optimal flow of oxygen sensor gas flows from each individual pipe, which reduces the efficiency of the catalyst and does not allow to provide a high coefficient of uniformity of the flow velocity of the exhaust gas.

The technical problem solved by the utility model is to increase the efficiency of the catalytic reservoir, providing a uniformity coefficient of flow rates of 0.92 or more by optimizing the direction of flow of exhaust gases.

The posed technical problem is solved due to the fact that in the known exhaust catalytic manifold for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines, which is formed from the first and second half-shells of sheet metal, which combine exhaust pipes individually guided from the cylinders and a gas reception chamber into which the exhaust pipes open, the opening of the gas reception chamber is connected to the receiving hole of the monoblock with a catalytic carrier connected to the gas mixing chamber, a half-shell the whiskers are provided with a plane for welding, and the part of the gas reception chamber made in the second half-housing has a funnel shape, and the part of the gas reception chamber made in the first half-housing is equipped with a mounting element of an oxygen control sensor located in the central part of the gas reception chamber, according to the utility model, everything is individually exhaust pipes directed from the cylinders are shortened and combined by a gas reception pipe belonging to the gas reception chamber, and a control sensor oxygen is located at the convergence of the exhaust gas flows from different cylinders immediately before entering the intake cone of the gas reception chamber.

The technical result from the use of all the essential features of the utility model is to increase a number of basic technical characteristics of the catalytic collector, namely, to increase its efficiency in terms of reducing the content of highly toxic components (CO, CH, NOx) in the combustion products of ICE.

Due to the execution of all exhaust pipes individually guided from the cylinders by a shortened and combined gas reception pipe belonging to the gas reception chamber, the optimal direction of exhaust flows from all engine cylinders to the installation site of the oxygen control sensor in the central part of the gas reception chamber is ensured, which makes it possible to best track the change in oxygen concentration in Exhaust gas and, accordingly, provide the most accurate control of the composition of the fuel-air mixture (FA) to achieve the bi functional- catalytic converter unit for achieving Euro 6 exhaust emission regulations and higher.

The location of the installation element of the oxygen control sensor in the central part of the gas intake pipe at the point of convergence of the exhaust gas flows from different cylinders directly in front of the entrance to the intake cone of the gas intake chamber makes it possible to best monitor the change in the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas and, accordingly, provide the most accurate control of the fuel assembly composition to achieve a bifunctional window catalytic converter unit to achieve exhaust emission standards Euro-6 and above.

Figure 1 - General view of the inventive exhaust manifold;

Figure 2 is a top view of the exhaust manifold;

FIG. 3 - section aa of figure 2.

The exhaust manifold for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines is formed from the first 1 and second 2 half-shells of sheet metal. The half-shells 1, 2 are provided with a plane 3 made along the entire perimeter of the half-shells for a welded joint (see Fig. 2, 3). The half-shells 1, 2 combine the exhaust pipes 4, 5, 6, 7 individually directed from the cylinders and the gas intake chamber 8 into which the exhaust pipes open (see Figs. 1, 2, 3). The exhaust pipes 4, 5, 6, 7 are made shortened and combined by a gas reception pipe 9 belonging to the gas reception chamber 8. The exhaust opening 10 of the gas reception chamber is connected to a reception hole 11 of the monoblock 12 with a catalytic carrier. Monoblock 12 is connected to the gas mixing chamber 13.

The axis X-X of the gas mixing chamber 13 is shifted relative to the axis Y-Y of the gas receiving chamber 8 towards the exhaust pipe 4 of the first cylinder while tilting the axis of the monoblock 12 and shifting the outlet of the monoblock towards the exhaust pipe of the first cylinder.

The part of the gas reception chamber 8b, made in the second half-shell 2, has a funnel shape, tapering to the outlet 10-forming inlet cone 8b (see figure 3). Part 8a of the gas reception chamber formed by the gas reception pipe 9 in the first half-housing 1 is provided with a mounting element 14 of an oxygen control sensor located at the point of convergence of the exhaust gas flows from different cylinders immediately before the entrance to the intake cone 8b of the gas reception chamber. The position of the mounting element 14 allows for the installation of a control oxygen sensor in the exhaust gas stream from all exhaust pipes 4, 5, 6, 7, combined in the gas intake pipe 9, which increases the accuracy of measurements by the oxygen sensor, since it is in this zone that the exhaust mixture is most completely mixed ( exhaust gases.

The catalytic manifold operates in the usual manner.

The exhaust gases enter through the exhaust pipes 4, 5, 6, 7 into the cavity of the gas intake pipe 9, which belongs to the gas intake chamber 8, where the exhaust gas flows, and through the exhaust hole 10 connected to the intake opening 11 of the monoblock, pass into the housing of the monoblock 12 with a catalytic carrier. The exhaust gases are cleaned from toxic substances to the level required by the standards and are discharged through the gas mixing chamber 13 to the exhaust system and then to the atmosphere.

This design solution allows you to best track the change in oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas and, accordingly, provide the most accurate control of the composition of the fuel assemblies in order to achieve the window of the bifunctionality of the catalytic converter unit and to achieve the emission standards of exhaust gas Euro-6 and above. Due to the fact that the monoblock is located at an angle relative to the plane of the axial connector of the half-bodies, the x-axis of the gas mixing chamber 13 and the outlet of the monoblock are offset relative to the YY axis of the gas reception chamber 8 towards the exhaust pipe 4 of the first cylinder, which allows to reduce the path of the exhaust gas from the inlet to output flange and, accordingly, reduce the time for heating the catalytic unit to operating temperature and reduce gas-dynamic resistance in the exhaust path of the internal combustion engine.

The claimed utility model can be used for vehicles of any type and will reduce the toxicity of internal combustion engines to the level of Euro-6 standards.

The proposed technical solution can be manufactured industrially, using standard well-known technological equipment using well-known well-established technologies.

Claims (1)

The exhaust catalytic manifold for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines, which is formed from the first and second half-shells of sheet metal, which combine individually guided exhaust pipes from the cylinders and a gas reception chamber into which the exhaust pipes open, the gas outlet of the gas reception chamber is connected to the inlet of the monoblock with a catalytic carrier connected to the gas mixing chamber, the half-shells are provided with a plane for a welded joint, and some of the gas receiving the first chamber, made in the second half-shell, has a funnel shape, and the part of the gas reception chamber, made in the first half-housing, is equipped with a mounting element of an oxygen control sensor located in the central part of the gas reception chamber, characterized in that all exhaust pipes individually guided from the cylinders are shortened and combined by a gas receiving pipe belonging to the gas receiving chamber, and the control oxygen sensor is located at the convergence of the exhaust gas flows from different cylinders directly o before entering the intake cone of the gas inlet chamber.

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