RU192617U1 - The unit of landing and evacuation of astronauts - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to safety and emergency devices of spacecraft, namely, devices for landing and evacuation of astronauts during the implementation of manned missile launches. The technical result is to reduce the load from the rotary cockpit, increase the options for the direction of the evacuation gallery, ensure a given level of security during evacuation from any zone when the crew moves from elevators to the spacecraft (SC), increase the safety and reliability of the evacuation gallery in the event of an emergency. The astronaut’s landing and evacuation unit contains the tower metal structure, elevators located on it, the landing booth with a hall, pre-cleaning zones and a clean zone, a rotary cabin that is mounted on the tower metal structures, a hydraulic drive, a stationary cover with rotary sections, an evacuation gallery that is attached directly to the evacuation gallery tower metal structures away from the spacecraft. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to safety and emergency devices of spacecraft, namely to units for landing and evacuation of astronauts during the implementation of manned missile launches.

A known unit of landing and evacuation of astronauts from a spacecraft (SC) (RU 2660180), containing stationary installed on the launch site:

- a tower with elevators, with a platform-cabin of purity pivotally mounted on the tower with a swivel hydraulic cylinder with a soft inflatable adapter for landing the crew in the spacecraft;

- a protective structure with an inclined elevator, air conditioning, braking device, blocks of protective doors, rooms for preparing for the landing of the crew and receiving evacuated;

- an inclined hermetic metal gallery with a pedestrian staircase, an evacuation trench and a rail track for the delivery of an inclined crew lift calculated from a protective structure to the spacecraft to the cockpit site for clean landing of the crew and their evacuation back, if necessary, to the protective structure, while the gallery the lower part is connected to the protective structure, and the upper part - to the platform-cabin of clean landing crew near the spacecraft landing hatch.

Characterized in that the evacuation gutter is made of sections of gutter-sklizi and gutter-roller conveyors interconnected in series.

The disadvantages of the known unit are:

- the set safety level during evacuation is reduced, as the entrance to the gallery is located near the space complex;

- reduced the reliability and security of the evacuation gallery in the event of an emergency, because the upper part of the gallery is connected to a turntable close to the spacecraft.

Close to the functional features of the proposed utility model is a ground-based astronaut landing and evacuation unit (see patent RU 2641576) containing a tower, a lifting device, an evacuation gallery, power supports, a protective structure, a crew boarding cabin, a rotary cabin, a stationary cover with rotary sections and hydraulic drive. Moreover, the evacuation gallery is functionally connected to the rotary cab. Evacuation is carried out with a rotary cabin with a gallery of evacuation to the head part of the spacecraft. The entrance to the evacuation gallery is located in close proximity to the head part of the spacecraft.

The disadvantages of the design are:

- an increase in the mass of the rotary cab, because the upper part of the evacuation gallery is mounted on a rotary cab;

- limited angle of direction of the evacuation gallery;

- reduction of the set safety level during evacuation from the boarding booth, as in order to enter the evacuation gallery, the crew and maintenance personnel must move to the epicenter of the emergency;

- reduced the reliability and security of the evacuation gallery in the event of an emergency, because the upper part of the gallery is connected to a turntable close to the spacecraft.

A positive result that can be achieved by using the proposed technical solution is expressed in ensuring the specified level of safety during evacuation from any zone when the crew and personnel move from elevators to the spacecraft due to the fact that the evacuation gallery is connected directly to the tower on the opposite side from the spacecraft, This provides access to the evacuation gallery from any zone between elevators and spacecraft and the movement of the crew and personnel from the epicenter of the emergency.

APEK (Fig. 1) consists of a tower metal structure (1) containing elevators (2), a landing booth (3) with a hall (4), pre-treatment zones (5) and a clean zone (6), a rotary cabin (7) fixed on the metal structures of the tower (1), hydraulic drive (8), a stationary cover (9) with rotary sections, which is mounted on a rotary cabin (7), evacuation gallery (10). The evacuation gallery (10) is attached directly to the metal structure of the tower (1).

In the initial position, the rotary cab (7) is retracted, the elevators (2) are at the lower level. After the QC is installed at the starting position, the rotary cab (7) is hydraulically driven (8) to the QC, the rotary sections of the stationary cover (10) cover the head of the QC. A crew arriving with maintenance personnel is lifted by elevators (2) to the level of the landing booth (3). Through the hall (4), pre-treatment zones (5) and cleanliness zone (6), the crew goes to the spacecraft.

In a normal situation, the crew sits in the spacecraft, the rotary sections of the stationary cover (9) are opened, the rotary cabin (7) is retracted to a safe distance.

In an emergency, the crew and personnel located in any zone between the elevator and the spacecraft are evacuated through the evacuation gallery (Fig. 1), located far from the emergency epicenter.

Claims (1)

An astronaut landing and evacuation unit containing the tower metal structure, elevators, a landing booth with a hall, pre-cleaning zones and a clean zone, a rotary cabin fixed to the tower metal structure, a stationary cover, an evacuation gallery, characterized in that the evacuation gallery is attached directly to the tower with the opposite sides of the spacecraft, thereby providing access to the evacuation gallery from any zone between the elevators and the spacecraft and the movement of the crew and personnel from the accident epicenter Noah situation.

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