RU191033U1 - FILM CONTROL NODE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the elements of devices designed for distillation and distillation processes, and can be used in alcohol production and other industries. The technical result of the utility model is to increase manufacturability while providing the ability to control the amount of reflux returned to the distillation column due to the use as a unit selection / control and phlegmy accumulation unit of a pipe segment bent into a spiral. The reflux control unit allows you to adjust the strength of the resulting product in wide ranges, and the nozzle of the column allows you to achieve the necessary degree of separation. At the same time, an increase in the degree of purification of alcohol is achieved. The technical result is achieved as follows. A phlegm control unit containing a sampling channel, a return channel with a crane, which ensures the reception and accumulation of phlegm and allows you to control the return-selection of phlegm located in a housing made in the form of a pipe segment with inlet and outlet openings, according to a utility model, the pipe segment is made in the form of one a coil of a spatial spiral, the shape and location of which in the working position provides the possibility of accumulation of condensed reflux in one of the sections of the pipe segment coming through the outlet during operation of the unit , and in which the alcohol withdrawal channel, the phlegm return channel with the phlegm return valve, the return channel provides the communication of the pipe section in which the accumulation of phlegm with the input section of the pipe segment is provided. The upper and lower sections are vertical, the axis of the spiral coil is in the horizontal plane . The phlegm return valve is installed in the part of the spiral coil, which allows the accumulation of phlegm condensed in the refrigerator. Part of the phlegm return channel is made in the form of a removable flexible rachnogo shlanga.Uzel reflux control can be performed in a single housing with a refrigerator.

Description

The utility model relates to devices designed for distillation and distillation processes and can be used in alcohol production and other industries.

Distillation (lat. Distillatio - dripping with drops [1]) - distillation, evaporation of a liquid followed by cooling and condensation of vapor. Distillation is considered primarily as a technological process for the separation and refining of multicomponent substances - among other processes with phase transformation and mass transfer: sublimation, crystallization, liquid extraction, and some others. Distinguish between distillation with condensation of vapor in a liquid (in which the resulting distillate has an average composition due to mixing) and distillation with condensation of vapor in the solid phase (in which the distribution of the concentration of components occurs in the condensate). The product of distillation is a distillate or a residue (or both), depending on the substance to be distilled and the objectives of the process. The main details of the distillation device are a heated container (cube) for distilled liquid, a cooled condenser (refrigerator) and a heated steam pipe connecting them (source https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distillation; [1] Distillation / VL Pebalk // The Great Soviet Encyclopedia: [in 30 vol.] / Ch. Ed. A.M. Prokhorov. - 3rd ed. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978).

Rectification is a distillation method in which part of the liquid condensate (phlegm) constantly returns to the cube, moving towards the steam in the column. As a result of this, the impurities contained in the vapor partially go into reflux and return to the cube, while the purity of the vapor (and condensate) increases ((source https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distillation;).

Known RECTIFICATION COLUMN (GOST R 53684-2009. Column apparatus. Technical requirements) (syn. Rectification column apparatus) is a vertical cylindrical vessel of constant or variable cross section, equipped with internal heat and mass transfer devices and auxiliary units, designed to separate liquid mixtures into fractions , each of which contains substances with a close boiling point. A classic column is a vertical cylinder, inside of which are contact devices - plates or nozzles. Accordingly, distillation columns are tray-shaped and packed. Auxiliary units are designed for input, distribution and collection of liquid and steam. The heated liquid mixture flows from the tank to the distillation column, where the “light” fractions (products having a lower condensation temperature) are concentrated in the upper part of the column, and the “heavy” ones (products having a higher condensation temperature) are concentrated in the bottom.

In a known column, the phlegm flowing down the walls significantly reduces the degree of purification, since the phlegm flows past the contact elements without interacting with the vapors.

Known COLON TYPE DISTRILLER (patent for utility model RU No. 169413; Published: March 16, 2017 Bull. No. 8) containing a stainless steel distillation tank, in which a valve for draining residues is installed, two handles for transportation, a thermometer on the tank. Cooler, arcuate pipe, column and flange are connected in series. A silicone seal is installed between the flange and the distillation tank. A fitting is installed in the column for the through supply of coolant and inside the Panchenkov nozzle. A second thermometer is installed in the arcuate pipe. A three-thread heat exchanger is installed in the cooler by the type of three tubes in the pipe, an inlet fitting and an outlet fitting for circulation of the coolant. The cooler has a pipe for draining the finished product.

The disadvantage is the lack of control over the amount of reflux taken.

The closest technical solution is a COLON TYPE DISTILLATOR WITH CONTROLLABLE INTERNAL FLEM FORMATION (utility model patent RU No. 156382; Published: November 10, 2015 Bull. No. 31), containing a distillation cube connected to it using a flange, a vertical column, which is a straight-through skin, a tubular heat exchanger of the type pipe in pipe, a connecting pipe connecting the column to a second heat exchanger of the same design, located vertically. The second heat exchanger is a condenser. A bimetallic thermometer is installed in the upper part of the column, the thermocouple of which is located in the stream of alcohol vapors. The refrigerant is fed into the annulus of both heat exchangers simultaneously through a bifurcated pipe in the lower part of the heat exchangers. Direct-flow movement of refrigerant and vapor is provided in the column, and counter-flow in the condenser. The flow rate of refrigerant into the annulus of the column is controlled by a valve installed in the bifurcated pipe. The refrigerant drain from both heat exchangers is combined into a single stream with a valve-controlled tube. The technical result is an increase in productivity in the production of alcohol while maintaining the compactness of the device.

The disadvantage is the lack of control over the amount of reflux taken and the degree of separation.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase manufacturability, while providing the ability to control the amount of reflux returned to the distillation column due to the use of a pipe section bent into a spiral as a selection / control unit and reflux accumulation unit. The reflux control unit allows you to adjust the strength of the resulting product in wide ranges, and the nozzle of the column allows you to achieve the necessary degree of separation. At the same time, an increase in the degree of purification of alcohol is achieved.

The technical result is achieved as follows. A phlegm control unit containing a sampling channel, a return channel with a crane, which ensures the reception and accumulation of phlegm and allows you to control the return-selection of phlegm located in a housing made in the form of a pipe segment with inlet and outlet openings, according to a utility model, the pipe segment is made in the form of one a coil of a spatial spiral, the shape and location of which in the working position provides the possibility of accumulation of condensed reflux in one of the sections of the pipe segment coming through the outlet during operation of the unit wherein the set channel selection alcohol, return channel reflux with return crane reflux return channel provides a message portion of the pipe segment, wherein the accumulation is provided with a reflux inlet portion of the tube segment.

The upper and lower sections are located vertically, the axis of the spiral loop is located in the horizontal plane.

The phlegm return valve is installed in the part of the spiral coil, which allows the accumulation of condensed reflux.

Part of the reflux channel is made in the form of a removable flexible transparent hose.

The phlegm control unit can be made in one housing with a refrigerator.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

in FIG. 1 - presents a General view of the site control phlegm;

in FIG. 2 - the principle of operation of the phlegm control unit is presented.

The phlegm control unit includes:

1 - reflux channel;

2 - crane;

3 - channel obor of alcohol;

4 - refrigerator;

5 - aftercooler.

Node control phlegm works as follows. Alcohol vapor rises from the evaporation cube, enters the sampling / control unit, then passes the temperature control point, then spirals down, passes the reflux accumulation point, then up to the refrigerator 4, where it completely condenses and flows into the lower phase in the form of liquid reflux (condensate) part of the spiral is the point of accumulation of reflux (Fig. 2).

And already from the “phlegm accumulation point”, under the control of the user, by means of a crane 2 phlegm is distributed into two parts: phlegm returned to the column for further purification and the residue which is discharged through the selection channel 3. Post-cooler 5 is needed to cool commercial alcohol or distillate output.

Benefits of a utility model relative to existing models:

1. Low cost and ease of manufacture. There is no need to produce a separate device for the accumulation of phlegm, the pipe itself in the lower part of the spiral becomes a drive. No need to weld shelves, walls, rings.

2. More accurate and stable readings of the temperature of the medium inside the column. At the point of temperature measurement, only the temperature of alcohol vapors is measured, cold reflux, which could introduce an error in the measurements, does not fall into this part of the column.

3. In this design, it is possible to control the entire volume of condensate, liquid condensate can get back into the column only through the return channel regulated by the tap. Residues (surplus) will go to the selection site.

Thus, we can control the degree of purification as fully as possible: we send the entire phlegm to the column - the column works for itself without selection, the maximum degree of purification; we block the return of reflux, we send all the condensate to the withdrawal channel, nothing returns to the column, the nozzle is drained - the degree of purification is minimal; middle positions allow you to select the desired degree of cleaning. Thus, we get full control.

In existing columns, “parasitic” phlegm that is not controlled by the operator always enters the column; in this design, “parasitic” phlegm is excluded.

Claims (4)

1. The site control phlegm containing a channel for the selection of alcohol, a channel for returning phlegm, a valve for regulating the return-selection for phlegm located in the housing, made in the form of a pipe segment with inlet and outlet openings, characterized in that the pipe segment is made in the form of a single turn of spatial spiral, while the upper and lower sections are located vertically, and the axis of the coil of the spiral is located in a horizontal plane, as shown in FIG. 2. 2. The phlegm control unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the phlegm return valve is installed in the part of the spiral coil, which allows the accumulation of condensed reflux. 3. The phlegm control unit according to claim 1, characterized in that part of the phlegm return channel is made in the form of a removable flexible transparent hose. 4. Phlegm control unit according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made in one housing with a refrigerator.

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