SU486754A1 - Distillation unit - Google Patents

Description

down the distillation column; general view; FIG. 2 - an inert carrier vapor injection unit directly into the cube of a distillation column; FIG. 3 - a condensation head assembly, a second-stage settling tank and a device for outputting products from the 1C installation of the H1 main regulators controller.

The distillation column / placed in the space of lateral heating 2 with the casing 3 has a tube 4 for the input of raw material heated in the furnace 5.

To control the consumption of raw materials from the tank 6, device 7 serves. A distillation column is connected by a pipe 8 to a cube 9, inside the iKOTOporo there is a device 10 for stabilizing the liquid level.

The cube 9 has a heater L with a casing 12, a bleeder 13 and a nozzle M connected at one end to the device 10, and the other through the cooler 15 to the distillation residue receiver 16. The laboratory steam generator 17 is connected to the bottom of the device 18 (for example, thin section) of a distillation column / or a cube 9. To supply liquid from the tank 19 through the regulating device 20 to the laboratory steam generator 17, a pipe 21 serves. To drain excess liquid from the steam generator 17, there is an onboard pipe 22 connected through a refrigerator 23 to a receiver 24, which It is located at such a height that the liquid level in the nozzle 22 does not go below the bottom of the steam generator steam generator chamber 17.

On top of the column 1, by means of a connecting device 25 (e.g., ground), is connected to a condensing head consisting of a condenser 26, a settling tank / stage 27 separated from the hot steam nozzle

28 air space of the capillary 29 and the vertical tube 30 with division, connecting the top of the sump 27 through the cup

29 with the internal cavity of the steam pipe 28, the pipe 31 with a refrigerator 32 and the pipe 33 with a refrigerator 34, in which the con. densate, respectively, of rectified vapors and the kings of the inert carrier enters the second-stage settling tank 55.

At the top and bottom of the second stage settler 35, there are —gauge-nenge contractions 36 and 37, which include 38 yi 39 needles with a small angle (2-3 °) of sharpening, manually or automatically controlled by the temperature of the vapors in the nozzle 28 and by the level phase separation in the sump 35.

Receivers 40 and 41 are available for collecting rectificate and condensate of the carrier (water of the Eugo steam).

When the installation is operated under vacuum, the receivers 16 /, 24, 40 and 41 are sealed and connected to a vacuum device (not shown in the Fig.). The installation includes devices for measuring temperatures at all necessary points and recording these temperatures (not shown in Fig.).

The proposed package works as follows.

The raw material to be crossed (for example, heavy oil) from the tank 6 through the flow regulator 7 and nech 5, heated to the desired temperature, is introduced into the feeding tube 4 and through it enters the column.

Electric heater 2 compensates the heat losses of the column / and creates adiabatic conditions in it. An inert carrier agent, for example, distilled water, from the tank 19 through the regulating device 20 enters the steam generator / 7 in such an amount that a small part of its constant

5 and in equal amounts through the pipe 22 and the cooler 23 entered the receiver 24. The remaining main part of the water evaporates in the steam generator 17, and the resulting steam is superheated to the required temperature and enters the bottom of the column 9 or the cube 9. The liquid residue of the raw material flowing into the cube 9 is partially iaryar in it due to the heat supplied by the heater, and the remaining part (the rest

5) through the device 10, the pipe 14, and the refrigerator / 5 is removed from the installation to the receiver 16. The mixture of vapors formed in the cube 9 and coming from the steam generator 17 passes upstream of the nozzle 1, and the pipe 28 enters the condenser 26. The condensate that forms is drained along the walls of the condenser, sludge of their first stage 27, which, in order to prevent re-boiling up of at least one of the components of this condensate, is separated from the pipe 28 by air space. Part of the rectified from the upper layer of the liquid in the settling tank 27 through the vertical tube 30 and the capillary 29 returns to the column /

0 irrigation (the capillary p 29 is pre-calibrated by the flow rate of the liquid and the corresponding division is applied to the tube 30). The rest of the rectified through the pipe 31 (its mouth is located slightly below the mouth of the pipe 5) 30, cooled in the refrigerator 32, enters the second-stage sump 35, where the lower layer of liquid enters through the nozzle 33, from the sump 27, preliminarily cooled in the refrigerator 34. In the sump

0 3-5 liquid phases exfoliate and are output, respectively, through calibration constrictions 36 and 37, the passage opening of which is controlled by needles 38 and 39, to receivers 40 and 41.

five

Subject invention

Claims (3)

1. A rectification unit containing a hitch column, a condensation head, a device for producing and dosing a carrier, heating and introducing raw materials into the column, a device for regulating the supply of raw materials and the output of distillation products, in order to improve the quality of products and intensify the process five the rectification unit, the device for producing and metering the carrier is rigidly connected to the bottom of the column; the condensation head is equipped with two stages for the separation of the liquid phases with their separate output devices. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the devices for the separate output of liquid phases are made in the form of a capillary flow meter and a cooler with needle valves. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the column in the upper part is provided with coaxially mounted cylinders forming an annular air chamber connected by nozzles with a capillary flow meter and a refrigerator. ; W / 77 iodffH-oao nof / a