RU190836U1 - STRUCTURE ROOF CONSTRUCTION - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model refers to the structural elements of roofing flat or low-sided coatings with roll roofing from bitumen-polymer or polymeric materials, arranged on flat reinforced concrete surfaces. The design of the team roof contains a metal frame of bearing support brackets having an L-shaped profile and three stiffening ribs connected to the support bracket of horizontal connections in the form of a T-shaped profile mounted with a slope to form a ridge and endy roofs to which the crate is attached for devices of a coupler from a U-shaped hat profile. The design of a prefabricated roof includes a vapor barrier layer sequentially laid on the foundation, a thermal insulation layer, an air gap, a screed from a flat rigid sheet and a roofing carpet made of coiled material, while the thermal insulation is made in the form of a mineral wool or glass wool insulation, and the screed is made of reinforced fiber cement sheets. The proposed solution increases the bearing capacity of the roof, increases the rigidity of the base under the roofing, increases the heat and waterproofing properties of the ventilated roof, increases its durability. 3 hp f-ly, 2 fig.

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to the device of the so-called soft roofs for coatings of precast or monolithic reinforced concrete slabs for buildings of various purposes.

The level of technology

Roofing flat or malokonlon coatings with roll roofing from bitumen-polymer or polymeric materials, arranged on flat reinforced concrete or other grounds, have a multi-layer structure, having, as a rule, vapor barrier, heat-insulating, compensating, waterproofing layers and screed layers. Such roofs have both advantages and disadvantages. The disadvantages of such roofs is their lack of durability due to destruction under the influence of moisture. The generally accepted causes of moisture formed inside the roofing carpet are climatic, technological factors and properties of materials used in one or another case. Such disadvantages as reliability and durability can be avoided by constructive solutions, the use of reliable heat-insulating and waterproofing materials, observance of technological methods in the process of roofing, taking into account the climatic conditions of localities during their construction and operation.

Known multilayer roofing, including consistently laid on the base of the vapor barrier and thermal insulation layers, screed, waterproofing and protective layers. The vapor barrier and waterproofing layers of the coating are made of rolled bitumen-polymer materials, and the thermal insulation layer is made of plates made of thermal insulation materials produced by KrovTreyd Company LLC, while the waterproofing layer is made of upper and lower layers (Patent RF №57777, IPC E04D 5/00 ; E04D 3/24. - Published on October 27, 2006) [1].

Known flat roof, made of multilayer material, including laid on the base of the slope-forming cement-sand screed, vapor barrier, insulation, consisting of at least two layers of mineral wool plates of high rigidity, a cavity in the form of an air gap, the upper screed from a flat pressed asbestos cement sheet carpet (Patent RF №95704, IPC E04D 5/00; - Publ. 10.07.2010) [2].

Known design has a slope-forming cement-sand screed, laid on the base under the vapor barrier layer. Such a screed makes the roof structure heavier and during deformation of the insulation does not always fulfill its slope-forming function. Vapor barrier insulation, often can lead to undesirable temperature and humidity conditions and worsen the condition of the internal surfaces of the room.

Known flat roof, made of multilayer material, including successively laid on the base, a vapor barrier layer, a slope-forming backfill of expanded clay gravel, insulation of mineral wool of increased rigidity and mounted at least in two layers, the cavity in the form of an air layer, the upper screed of flat pressed asbestos cement sheet, located between the layer of insulation and roofing carpet and roofing carpet (Patent RF №95704, IPC E04D 5/00; - Published. 07/10/2010) [2].

Backfill of expanded clay gravel as a construction for the formation of roof slopes cannot serve as a reliable basis for the construction of an effective roof, the task of which is to effectively protect the premises from seasonal precipitation and to create an optimal temperature and humidity conditions in it. Even minor fluctuations can cause changes in the geometric parameters of the roof, disrupt the paths needed for drains, lead to stagnation of water on the surface of the roofing carpet, lead to moisture ingress into the lower layers of the roofing covering and penetrating it into the room.

A roof covering is known that contains a skeleton of metal profiles, a vapor barrier layer, a heat insulation layer, an air gap, a flat asbestos cement rigid sheet screed, and a roofing carpet successively laid on the base. The coating has a metal frame with a telescopic fastening system with fastening and fitting elements. All composite fasteners have the possibility of mutual movement. Flat asbestos cement sheets are mounted on the bearing guide profiles of the frame (Patent RF №95703, IPC E04D 3/35; - Publ. 10.07.2010) [3].

Regulating the shape of the surface of the roof and repair it by telescoping its movement is very problematic in practice. Systems of telescopic movement in general cases of their application require constant technical control and care. To provide free access to such systems in conditions of multi-layer coating is impossible without violating the integrity of the roof, which leads to high material costs.

During operation in real conditions, waterproofing carpet is inevitably exposed to climatic and mechanical influences, which leads to the occurrence of cracks through which water enters the room, forming leaks. The device of reliable slope-forming surfaces for the smooth flow of water for soft flat roofs is an important task.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the carrying capacity of the roof, increase the rigidity of the base under the roof covering, increase the heat and waterproofing properties of the ventilated roof, increase the durability of the roof.

To solve the technical problem and provide a technical result, the ventilated roof contains a metal frame, including metal profiles, successively laid on the base in the form of a reinforced concrete slab, vapor barrier layer, thermal insulation layer, air gap, screed from a flat rigid sheet and roofing carpet of rolled material.

The metal frame consists of supporting support brackets, horizontal links in the form of a T-shaped carrier profile, installed with a slope to form a ridge and endy roofing, and a sheathing of an U-shaped profile. Bearing support brackets have an L-shaped profile. Thermal insulation is made in the form of plate or blown insulation placed between the bearing support brackets. The coupler is made team of fiber cement reinforced sheets.

The bearing support bracket has three stiffening ribs and is fastened with its lower short part to the base in the form of a reinforced concrete slab with the help of anchor dowels. In the upper part it has a rigid connection with a supporting T-shaped profile.

Insulation is carried out in the form of one or more mineral wool, glass wool and other insulating plates.

Insulation can be made of blown mineral wool, for example, ISOVER KV-050.

Fiber cement screed has a necessary margin of safety and resistance to moisture and is the basis for the roofing of rolled materials.

The presence in the roof structure of an air-ventilated layer eliminates over-wetting of the roof components, facilitating its operation, ensures the reliability and durability of the roof covering.

Brief Description of the Drawings

For an unambiguous understanding of the proposed solution and an explanation of the description attached drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a cross-section of the roof structure;

FIG. 2 - roof construction in longitudinal section.

The design of the roof is designed for coatings of prefabricated or monolithic reinforced concrete slabs. On the surface of the coating plate 1 there is a vapor barrier layer 2. Bearing support bracket 3 has the appearance of an L-shaped element with three stiffeners. On the cover plate 1, the supporting support bracket 3 is installed with a short shelf through a heat-insulating gasket 4 and has a rigid connection with the cover plate 1, for example, using anchor dowels 5. The supporting T-shaped profile 6, which forms the necessary slopes for the ridge and endy roofs, has rigid connection with the upper vertical part of the support brackets 3, for example, using rivets. The required roof slopes are obtained by installing the required small slope of the carrier T-shaped profile 6. For this, the length of the vertical part of the support brackets 3, to the upper part of which the T-shaped profile 6 is attached, is cut to the required level. The crate 7 of the U-shaped profile is rigidly connected to the horizontal carrier T-shaped profile 6.

In the space of the frame is one or more layers of insulation 8, which can be used plate insulation from insulating materials: foam glass, mineral wool, polyurethane foam and others that perform the insulating function of materials.

ISOVER RV-050 blown mineral wool can be used as a thermal insulation layer.

Screed 9 of rigid fiber cement sheets in 2 layers attached to the crate 7, forming the basis for waterproofing carpet 10.

Waterproofing carpet 10 are rolled bitumen-polymer or polymer materials.

Formed under a rigid tie 9 air gap 11 is ventilated to prevent the occurrence of excessive moisture of the roofing.

Implementation of the utility model

The device of the proposed construction of the roof includes the following sequence of works.

Before starting work on the roofing device, its base, the reinforced concrete slab of coating 1 are cleaned and the irregularities of the reinforced concrete surfaces are monolithic. When laying the vapor barrier layer 2 on the slab of coating 1, they control the tightness of the joint between the vapor barrier panels at the overlap points and their tight fit at the points of junction with the existing vertical surfaces: parapets, ventilation shafts, walls of expansion joints.

The metal frame device begins with the installation of a supporting support bracket 3 made in the form of an L-shaped element with three stiffeners, the material of which can be galvanized carbon steel. On the base, the slab 1, bearing support bracket 3 is installed fifth or short shelf on the insulating gasket 4 and attached to the base with anchor dowels 5. Located horizontally with the necessary slope (1.5-3.0%) T-shaped profile 6 are rigidly connected to the upper part of the support brackets 3, while to ensure a given roof slope, the upper parts of the brackets are trimmed. The slope is necessary for the formation of the ridge and roof end.

Completes the device of the metal frame installation of crates 7, made of U-shaped hat profile. The crate 7 is rigidly attached to the horizontal bearing T-shaped profile, for example, using self-tapping screws.

After installation of the metal frame is completed, its space from the vapor barrier layer almost to the lower edge of the horizontal T-shaped horizontal profile 6 is filled with insulation 8, slab or blown. On the crate 7 stack tie 9 of flat extruded fiber cement reinforced sheets. Sheets ties 9 fasten together. The air gap 11 between the upper surface of the heater 8 and the hard tie 9 is necessary for ventilation of the roof. The device of a coupler made of fiber cement sheets increases the resistance of the roof to bending and compensates for tensile deformation forces. Modifying additives and special fillers used in the production of fiber cement sheets, allow products to retain their properties under the influence of negative temperatures and high humidity.

Before laying the surfacing material, waterproofing carpet 10, the surface of the screed 9 is primed with a bituminous primer. The waterproofing carpet 10 made of rolled bitumen-polymer or polymer materials is laid with a sufficient quality overlap. On the ridge and endovoe the roof is reinforced with an additional layer of waterproofing carpet.

The proposed design of the ventilated roof with a rigid frame, provides non-deformable necessary slopes of the roof structure for timely draining of the generated streams, eliminates dampness of the roof materials, eliminates significant fluctuations in the humidity of the air in the room, prevents the formation of excessive humidity in the ceilings and walls, which significantly prolongs its service life.

The proposed construction of the roof has significant advantages and solves the tasks: it increases the carrying capacity of the roof, increases the rigidity of the base under the roofing, has a positive effect on the heat and waterproofing properties of the ventilated roof, increases its durability.

The above description should not be limited to the presented images and their description, which are given for a better understanding of the claimed design. The scope of this utility model is determined only by the attached claims, taking into account possible equivalents.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. RF patent №57777, IPC E04D 5/00; E04D 3/24. - Publ. 10.27.2006.

2. RF patent №95704, IPC E04D 5/00; - Publ. 07/10/2010. Bul No. 19

3. RF patent №95703, IPC E04D 3/35; - Publ. 07/10/2010. Bul No. 19

Claims (4)

1. Construction of a prefabricated roof containing a metal frame made of metal profiles, a vapor barrier layer, a thermal insulation layer, an air gap, a flat rigid sheet coupler and a roofing carpet made of rolled material, which is different in that the metal frame consists of supporting support brackets, successively laid on a reinforced concrete base. having an L-shaped profile, carrying a horizontal T-shaped profile, installed with a slope and connected to the support brackets, and an I-sheath connected to it a different profile for the device of a coupler, at the same time thermal insulation is made in the form of plate or blown insulation, and the coupler is made of fiber-cement reinforced sheets. 2. The design of the team roof according to claim. 1, characterized in that the bearing support bracket has three stiffening ribs, is installed with its fifth on the covering plate and is rigidly connected to it, in the upper part it is connected to the supporting T-profile located horizontally with the necessary slope to which the crate is attached from the U-shaped hat profile. 3. The design of the precast roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulation is one or more layers of mineral wool or glass wool. 4. The design of the team roof according to claim. 1, characterized in that the insulation is blown mineral wool, for example, ISOVER KV-050.

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