RU187134U1 - VEHICLE TRANSMISSION TRANSMISSION - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to vehicles and can be used in the design and manufacture of the power transmission of wheeled all-terrain vehicles.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is the possibility of turning an all-terrain vehicle with an on-board turn with a zero radius (in place). The technical result is achieved by the fact that the transmission of an all-terrain vehicle with an onboard turn containing a gear change box, two final drives connected to the corresponding wheels (located along the respective sides) is characterized in that the first final drive is connected to the engine output shaft without the possibility of changing the direction of rotation of the wheels connected to the first final drive, relative to the direction of rotation of the engine output shaft, the second final drive is connected via a reverse gear with the possibility of changing the direction of rotation of the wheels connected to the second final drive, relative to the direction of rotation of the output shaft of the engine.

The reverse gear may have one input shaft connected to the output shaft of the engine, and two output shafts, one without the possibility of a reverse connected to a two-stage row of gears, the other output shaft connected to a sliding gear connected to the shift fork, the sliding gear has the ability to mesh alternately both with a two-stage and with a three-stage row of gears. The engine can be equipped with an automatic transmission, and the output shaft of the automatic transmission is located perpendicular to the direction of movement, the shafts of the reverse gear are also located perpendicular to the direction of movement. The transmission may contain two intermediate gears, the driving star of each intermediate gear is connected to one of the output shafts of the reverse gear, the driven star of each intermediate chain gear is fixed to the ring gear of the corresponding planetary gear, the brake disc is fixed to each sun gear, the carrier of each satellite is connected to the corresponding output shaft of the planetary gearbox. The number of drive wheels of an all-terrain vehicle can be equal to four, on the output shaft of each planetary gearbox there can be two sprockets connected by a chain transmission of wheels with driven sprockets, and each driven sprocket is located on the wheel hub.

The claimed design and technical solution can be successfully applied for the manufacture of all-terrain vehicles with increased controllability and the possibility of a turn on the spot.

Description

The utility model relates to vehicles and can be used in the design and manufacture of the power transmission of wheeled all-terrain vehicles.

Known "POWER TRANSMISSION OF A LIGHT WHEEL ATV WITH A SKID STEER" RU 144178 [2] having a power transmission consisting of an engine, a clutch, a gear box, a chain drive, two brakes, two half shafts, four final drives, a driven final drive sprocket is installed on the axis of the wheel, supported by two ball bearings, on the other end of which is the sun gear of the planetary gear, the carrier of which is connected to the wheel, and the ring gear is inhibited.

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to turn with a small radius and the interdependent control of the wheel drive, due to the presence of a differential.

The closest technical solution is "ATV" RU 53226 [1], which includes an engine with a gearbox, two final drives connected to the corresponding wheels located along the sides.

The known solution has the independence of wheel control, which allows to reduce the turning radius.

The disadvantage is the impossibility of turning with a zero radius when one pair of wheels moves in the opposite direction, compared with the direction of movement of the other pair of wheels.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is the possibility of turning an all-terrain vehicle with an on-board turn with a zero radius (in place).

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the transmission of an all-terrain vehicle with an onboard turn containing a gear change box (for connecting to the engine), two final drives connected to the corresponding wheels (located along the respective sides), is characterized in that the first final drive is connected to the engine output shaft without the possibility of changing the direction of rotation of the wheels connected to the first final drive, relative to the direction of rotation of the engine output shaft, the second final drive is connected ene via the reverse gear with the possibility of changing the direction of rotation of the wheels connected to the second board transfer direction of rotation relative to the engine output shaft.

The reverse gear may have one input shaft connected to the output shaft of the engine and two output shafts, one without the possibility of a reverse connected to a two-stage row of gears, the other output shaft connected to a sliding gear connected to a shifting fork, the sliding gear can be engaged alternately as with a two-stage and a three-stage row of gears. The driving gears of the two-stage and three-stage series are connected to the input shaft of the reverse gear, one output shaft is connected to the driven gear of the two-stage series. The input gear of a three-stage row of gears is engaged with the intermediate gear, and the second output shaft is rotationally connected (rotates synchronously) with a sliding gear that can be engaged with both the driven gear of the two-stage row of gears and the intermediate gear.

The gearbox can be automatic, the output shaft of the automatic transmission is perpendicular to the direction of movement, the shafts of the reverse gear are also located perpendicular to the direction of movement. This solution will allow the use of industrially produced engines with automatic transmission in the manufacture of an all-terrain vehicle.

The transmission may contain two intermediate gears, the driving star of each intermediate gear is connected to one of the output shafts of the reverse gear, the driven star of each intermediate chain gear is fixed to the ring gear of the corresponding planetary gear, the brake disc is fixed to each sun gear, the carrier of each satellite is connected to the corresponding output shaft of the planetary gearbox. The use of a planetary gear will increase the controllability of the all-terrain vehicle due to the ability to control the torque transmitted to the wheels of the all-terrain vehicle.

The number of drive wheels of an all-terrain vehicle can be equal to four, on the output shaft of each planetary gearbox there can be two sprockets connected by a chain transmission of wheels with driven sprockets, and each driven sprocket is located on the wheel hub. Implementation of an all-terrain vehicle with four driving wheels will allow to achieve good controllability of the all-terrain vehicle at minimal cost.

The transmission of an on-board cross-country vehicle is shown in FIG. (diagram), where:

1 - engine;

2 - automatic gearbox;

3 - swivel;

4 - the drive shaft of the reversing gear;

5 - a sliding gear;

6 - a switching plug;

7 - the first intermediate chain transmission;

8 - spline swivel;

9 - planetary gear;

10 - ring gear;

11 - a sun gear;

12 - a brake disk;

13 - drove satellites;

14 - brake caliper planetary gear;

15 - chain gears of wheels;

16 - driving wheels;

17 - brake disks;

18 - brake caliper;

19 - second chain intermediate gear.

The device operates as follows: Engine 1, automatic gearbox 2, the secondary shaft of which is connected by a swivel 3 to the drive shaft of the reversing gear 4. The gearbox 4 contains two rows of gears; one-stage and two-stage with the same gear ratio, sliding gear 5 and shift fork 6. On one side of the gearbox, a star of the first intermediate chain transmission 7 is fixed to the driven shaft, on the other hand, the second driven shaft is connected by a telescopic splined joint 8 with a hub on which the star is mounted second intermediate chain gear 19. The first and second final drives, each of which includes an intermediate gear, planetary gear, chain gears of wheels, mirrors are located but symmetrically. The first onboard planetary gear 9. The driven star of the intermediate chain gear is rigidly fixed with the ring gear 10, the brake disk 12 is fixed on the sun gear 11, the carrier of the satellites 13 is in engagement with the shaft of the gear 9. The brake caliper with the power accumulator 14, with plate free springs compressing brake pads. Chain drives of wheels 15. Driving wheels 16. Brake disks 17 with installed brake calipers 18.

The torque generated by engine 1, through an automatic gearbox 2 and swivel 3 is transmitted to the drive shaft of the reversing gearbox 4, where it is divided into two equal streams into two driven shafts. When meshing the sliding gear 5 with a single-stage series, two driven shaft gear rotate in the same direction. When gear 5 is engaged with a two-stage row, the driven shaft of this gear rotates in the opposite direction from the second output shaft. In this case, the torque on the sides is the opposite, which allows you to rotate the all-terrain vehicle with a zero turning radius - in place. From the first intermediate chain transmission 7, the torque is transmitted to the ring gear 10 of the final planetary gear 9. In the absence of hydraulic fluid in the caliper 14, leaf springs compress the pads and the disk 12 - the sun gear 11 is stationary. Torque is transmitted from the ring gear 10 through the satellites 13 and drove to the shaft of the planetary gear 9. Then, through the chain drives of the wheels 15 to the drive wheels 16. The second final drive acts similarly.

When the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in one of the calipers 14 increases, the piston compresses the leaf springs and releases the brake pads and the disc 12. At the same time, the torque is redistributed to the sun gear, which has minimal rotation resistance. On the second side, the disk 12 is clamped and the torque continues to rotate the wheels 16, which leads to the turning of the all-terrain vehicle over a large radius. To reduce the turning radius, it is enough to create hydraulic fluid pressure in the brake caliper 18, the caliper piston will compress the brake pads and disc 17, which will slow down the rotation of the wheels of the inner turning radius.

EFFECT: obtaining the possibility of a turn with a zero radius (in place) and, accordingly, improved controllability is achieved due to the possibility of switching the reverse gear of the second final drive and the gears of the gear connected to it in the direction of rotation opposite to the direction of rotation of the first final gear and gear connected wheels to it, which will lead to multidirectional rotation of the wheels and a turn of the all-terrain vehicle in place.

Industrial applicability. The claimed design and technical solution can be successfully applied for the manufacture of all-terrain vehicles with increased controllability and the ability to turn on the spot.

Claims (5)

1. Transmission of an all-terrain vehicle with a final drive, comprising a gear change box, two final drives connected to the respective wheels, characterized in that the first final drive is connected to the engine output shaft without the possibility of changing the direction of rotation of the wheels connected to the first final drive relative to the direction of rotation engine output shaft, the second final drive is connected through a reverse gear with the ability to change the direction of rotation of the wheels connected to the second final drive e, relative to the rotational direction of the engine output shaft. 2. The transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the reverse gear has one input shaft connected to the output shaft of the engine, and two output shafts, one without the possibility of reverse, connected to a two-stage row of gears, the other output shaft is connected to a sliding gear, connected to the shift fork, the sliding gear has the ability to mesh alternately with both a two-stage and a single-stage series of gears. 3. The transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the gearbox is automatic, the output shaft of the automatic transmission is perpendicular to the direction of movement, the shafts of the reverse gear are also located perpendicular to the direction of movement. 4. The transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains two intermediate gears, the driving star of each intermediate gear is connected to one of the output shafts of the reverse gear, the driven star of each intermediate chain gear is attached to the crown gear of the corresponding planetary gear, on each sun gear the brake disk is fixed, the carrier of each satellite is connected to the corresponding output shaft of the planetary gearbox. 5. The transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that the number of wheels of the all-terrain vehicle is four, on the output shaft of each planetary gearbox there are two sprockets connected by a chain transmission of wheels with driven sprockets, and each driven sprocket is located on the wheel hub.

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