RU1837358C - Device for displaying information on screen of cathode-ray tube - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: the device can be used to display and process signals in radar and sonar. SUBSTANCE: device comprises a frame memory unit, an addressing unit, a synchronization unit, a television indicator, three code converters, two counters, two frequency dividers, a window border forming unit, an OR element block, an output, seven inputs. 1 C.p. f-crystals, 3 ill., 1 tab.

Description

The invention relates to a data display technique and can be used in sonar and sonar and other signal processing devices iax.

The aim of the invention is to increase the accuracy of the device.

Figure 1 presents the functional diagram of the device; Fig. 2 is a functional diagram of a window forming unit; on .3 is the screen view of the television indicator with the full image (a) and with an enlarged fragment of the image (b).

The information display device comprises a frame memory unit 1, an addressing unit 2, a synchronization unit 3, a telephone indicator 4, a first code converter 5, a second soda converter 6, a third code converter 7, a first counter 8, a second counter 9, first frequency healer 10, second esthete divider 11, window border forming unit 12, OR element block 13. Block 2 addressing contains the first switch 14 and the second switch 15. Block 3 synchronization contains a generator 16 clock pulses, the counter 17 line elements, the counter 18 lines. The displayed information comes from an external device 19, consisting of an information source 20 and an interface unit 21. The device comprises a clock output 22, a first information input 23, a second information input 24, an input 25 of a signal for switching operation modes, a first address input 26, a second address input 27, a third information input 28 and a fourth information input 29.

The window border forming unit 12 comprises first to sixth comparison elements 30-35, first and second triggers 36.37, first and second delay elements 38, 39, OR element 40, AND element 41, output 42, second, third, sixth, the seventh, eighth and ninth inputs 43-48, six elements 49- 54 I. The size of the window 55 is shown in Fig.Z.

The invention is as follows. An image having three coordinates - length, width and amplitude &

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yes (represented as the brightness of the luminescence of the image element or in the form of its color). It is necessary to consider a fragment of this image in an enlarged form, and to ensure the accuracy of measurements of the parameters of objects on the selected fragment, the center codes of the selected fragment at the coordinates X, Y, (X, Y) and the fragment enlargement coefficient codes for each of spatial axes. This makes it possible to carry out exact measurements of dimensions (linear, angular, frequency, time and others, depending on which physical variable is displayed along the axes of the television image) for the selected enlarged fragment of the image.

If the entire image occupies the entire address area of the memory block, then obviously, the device should have means for generating memory polling addresses that vary within specified limits for each of the coordinates, and the part of the memory space containing the selected image fragment is polled. It is convenient for the operator if a video marker is formed on the full image (Fig. 3a), indicating the dimensions of the rectangular zone displayed for magnification and indicating the center of this zone. The center codes Xy, Yy and the magnification scales along the X and Y axis: Mx and Mu are entered into the device from the outside, for example, from a control panel. Based on these data, it is necessary to determine the following: 1) the coordinates of the beginning of the zone along both axes, i.e. Xnach and YHa4 (FIG. 3a); 2) the coordinates of the end of the zone along both axes, i.e. Hkon and YKOH; 3) address change frequencies on both axes fx and fy. The definition of Xnach, Xkon, Unach, YKOH according to the given Xts, Yts, Mx, My is performed as follows: if the number of elements per line is equal to X0, then the size of the area displayed along the X axis is X0 / MX, and half of it is X0 / 2MX ;

Obviously, Xnach X0 / 2MX, Hkon Xz +

+ X0 / 2MX. Similarly, Unach Uc is Y0 / 2My, YKOH Yu + Y0 / 2My, where Y0 is the number of lines in the forward frame scan. Since Xnach, Xkon uniquely depends on Xc, Mx for a given X0, the calculation results can be tabulated and the table written to a read-only memory block, the same applies to Uyach, YKOH. Further, if the selected area for enlargement includes X0 / MX image elements horizontally, then the formation of the address should begin with Xnach and the address should change MX times slower than for the full image, then on the screen X0 / MX of the information layers of the memory block will take all

string. Consequently, the horizontal polling rate fx should be MX times less than the clock frequency when polling the full image. The same applies to the frequency fy, which should be a factor of Mu less than the frequency of the line changes (i.e., the frequency of the pulses of the SGI, the line damping pulses).

A device for displaying information operates as follows. The information source 20 provides information signals in analog or digital form to the input of the interface unit 21, which converts the information, generates

5 address codes. Information is recorded in the memory unit 1 during the horizontal line retrace, i.e. over the duration of the GIS pulse so as not to interfere with the image of the television On-C Indicator 4. For this, the GIS pulse from the third output of the synchronization unit 3, i.e. from the output of the counter 17 elements of the line is fed to the input WR of the write-read control of the memory unit 1, on

5, the input of the interface unit 21 and the control input W of the second switch 15 (the seventh input of the addressing unit 2), where the addresses from input B, i.e. write addresses from the output of block 21 of the interface, arriving at the sixth input of block 2 addressing. Thus, during the SGI, the memory unit 1 is transferred to the recording mode of information received at the information input D from the interface unit 21 at the addresses

5 records to the address input A of the memory unit from the interface unit 21 through the addressing unit 2.

There are two modes of reading information: 1) normal playback mode

0 information on the screen of the television indicator and with the indication of the window 55 - Fig.Za; 2) an enlargement mode in which an enlarged size reproduces a portion of the image highlighted by the window - Fig. Zb. The modes are switched from input 25, with the first mode corresponding to logical 1 at input 25, and the second - logical O at input 25.

In the first mode, as addresses

0 readings of memory unit 1 are used: horizontally - address codes of the counter 17 line elements from the output of the synchronization block 3, vertically address codes of the counter 18 lines from the fourth output

5 synchronization unit 3, received at the first and second inputs of addressing unit 2 or at the first input A of the first switch 14, in which the input W is controlled from input 25. In this mode, the addresses from input A go to the output of the first commutator of agor 14 . To the direct input of the horizontal scan and (in the absence of the SGI) the second switch 15 passes these addresses from its input A to the output and further to the address inputs A of the memory block 1, Information from the memory block 1 through the block 13 elements OR, code converter 5 is fed to television indicator 4, synchronizer measured at the second and third inputs by pulses of the SGI and GI. The block 13 of the OR elements serves to combine the information signal from the memory block and the window signal from the block 12 forming the boundaries of the window 55 (its operation will be described below) so that the one-bit window goan signal (logical 1) overlaps with all the bits I will give it an information signal, as a result of which the window 55 has the maximum possible brightness (FIG. 3A), which allows it to be clearly perceived on the s-tap of the television indicator 4.

In the second mode, the read codes of the memory unit 1 are: the horizontal address codes of the first address counter 8, the vertical address codes of the second address counter 9. The size of the counter 8 (k) is equal to the size of the counter 17 (k), i.e. k1 k, the counter bit Ј (t1) is equal to the counter bit 18 (t), i.e. m gl. It was indicated above that the range i of the woods run through the line from the first counter 8 of the address from

Xnach - Xc - Ho / 2Mx DO Xkon Xz + XO / 2MX,

since this range is Mx times smaller, i is the range of addresses covered by the counter 17 (О ... Хо) during the line, then the clock frequency 1 for counter 8 should be Mx times smaller than that of counter 17. Therefore, the clock the frequency for the counter 17 (the output of the generator is 16 clock pulses) is fed to 1 act input of the frequency divider 10, for which the division coefficient is set by the Mx code from input 28, from the output of the divider 10, the frequency pulses of the frequency Тact / MX are fed to clock input counter 8 addresses. The initial value of the XNach code is recorded in the address counter 8 by the information (D path from the second output of the second converter 6 by the code of the pulse pulses sent to the write enable input W of Counter 8 from the third output of synchronization block 3, the address counter 9 works in the same way with the difference that the frequency divider 1 divide My times the frequency of the pulses of the current transmissions arriving at its clock input C, and the code is written to the counter 9 by the pulses from the fourth output of the synchronization block I. The codes of the counters 8 and 9 are sent to the third and fourth first addressing inputs 2, i.e. at the inlet of the first switch 1 to 4, which passes in a second mode

to its output, codes from input B, which then, in the absence of an SGI pulse, pass through the second switch 15 to the address input of memory unit 1,

Converters 6, 7 store conversion tables of input codes (Xh, Mx for converter 6; УC, My for converter 7) into boundary codes of the magnified image area, i.e. video marker border codes 49; Khnach, Khkon - for converter 6; Initially, YKOH is for converter 7. Tables are calculated using the formulas:

Xnach - Xc - Ho / 2Mu; Hkon Unech U c- Y0 / 2My; YKOH UZ + U0 / 2Mu,

Xc + X0 / 2MX;

however, there may be times when Xnach 0 or Xkon X0 appears (respectively for Unach, YKOH). If you pay attention to Fig. 3a, then it is obvious that the window dimensions, i.e. the size of the enlarged zone does not depend on Xc, Uz, t, k, Khkon - Xnach Ho / Mx and YKOH - YHa4 Yo / My, therefore, for given Mx, Mu, there are restrictions on the values of Xnach, Xkon and Unach, UKON - For As an example, imagine a fragment of a table recorded in a converter for X0 100 (a figure is received for readability).

Similar considerations are taken into account when constructing a table with the Y coordinate for transducer 7. When these boundary considerations are taken into account, window 55, selected to enlarge the zone, when moving around the screen reaches its boundary to the screen and stops even if you continue to change the coordinates Xt, Ut.

Turning to the construction of a window border forming unit 12 (Fig. 2). As seen in Fig. 3a, the window contains the boundaries of the area selected for enlargement — four lines forming a frame and two lines forming a crosshair within the frame. The intersection lines intersect at a point with coordinates Xc, Yu, and the frame is formed by the coordinates Xnach, Xkon, Unach, UCON. Thus, six constant codes converge to block 12 of forming the borders of window 55: Xc to the fourth input 26, Uc to the fifth input 27, Xnach to the seventh input 46, Hcon to the sixth input 45, Unach to the ninth input 48, YKOH - to the eighth input 47 and two variable codes: the addresses of the elements on the line from the counter 17 - to the third input 44 the addresses of the lines from the counter 18 - to the second input 43. The six elements 30-35 for comparing codes compare variable address codes with six constant codes: the first element 30 of the comparison of codes generates at its output A B pulse at X X,

the second code comparison element 31 is generated at the output; And on impulse at Y Yn, then the third code comparison element 32 - at X Xnach, the fourth code comparison element 33 at Y Initially, the fifth code comparison element 34 - at X Xcon and the sixth code comparison element 35 is for Y YKOH.

Triggers 36 and 37 define temporary gates for the selected zone. Trigger 36 is triggered at the S-input by the pulse X XNach, and is reset at the R-input by the pulse X XKon (but with a certain delay, the role of which will be explained below) and generates a pulse that occupies part of the line within which the zone selected for increasing is located. Similarly, flip-flop 37 is triggered at the S-input by a Y-UNAch pulse, and is reset at the R-input by a Y-YKOH pulse (also with a delay) and generates a pulse that occupies the part of the frame within which the zone selected for enlargement is located. The pulses of these triggers are gated in six elements 49-54 AND, element 40 OR, the output pulses of the code comparison elements 30-35 according to the following rule: pulses X Xnach, X Xts, X Xkon, the duration of which is equal to one element per line and which without strobe vani would look on the screen as three narrow stripes from top to bottom, gated by the trigger pulse 37 and therefore are limited vertically by the zone VNach ... Ukon, respectively, pulses Y Unach, Y YHa4, Y YU, Y YKOH, each of which occupies one line of the image and who watched without gating Referring to the screen as a three narrow stripes from the right edge of the screen to the left, 36, strobed pulse trigger and therefore limited horizontal area HNach ... HKon.

The delay elements 38, 39 are necessary in order to highlight the lines corresponding to X Khkon and Y YKOH, or, if the trigger 36 is reset at the moment of the start of the pulse X Khkon, then the line corresponding to X Khkon, then the line corresponding to X Khkon, is not displayed on the screen by wits. The same applies to resetting the trigger 37. It is obvious from this that the delay time of the element 38 is equal to one image element per line, and the delay time of the element 39 is equal to one line.

Six gated pulses corresponding to the six segments that make up window 49 of Fig. 3a are combined in the same AND 40 element. From the output of the OR 40 element, the signals of the window 55 go to the input of the And 41 element, which is opened only in the first mode by a signal logical 1 from input 25. Therefore, window 55 appears on

screen only in the first mode. From the output of AND element 41, the window signal in the OR block 13 is combined with the video signal of the image from memory unit 1.

The operator's work with the described information display device is as follows. By changing the coordinates Xc, Yu (for example, using a two-dimensional control knob), the operator moves the window 49 on the screen so that the crosshairs of the video marker bring to the desired point on the screen (for example, impose it on (some point object). Then the operator selects the required magnification factors Mx , Mo. In this case, the frame size of window 55 is automatically changed. When the frame size is sufficient to cover the desired area, the operator switches the display device from the first mode to the second mode. of the indicator, an enlarged image of the selected area appears - Fig. Zb. Since the magnification factors Mx and Mu are integer, the scale along the X and Y axes of the enlarged image is known exactly, and the coordinates of the center of the image of Fig. Zb are also known, which allows each point of the enlarged image to the coordinate system of the main image. Such a problem arises, for example, in radio locators, when there is a group target in the ordinary image of Fig. For each image, you can consider each of the targets and determine divide the distance between them and the absolute coordinates of each of the targets.

The described device is compact, does not require configuration and software, all window movements and zooming are processed almost instantly. It is possible to work with two video monitors - one in the first mode, the other in the second.

Claims (2)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. A device for displaying information on a television indicator screen, comprising a frame memory unit, the information input of which is the first information input of the device, the address input of the frame memory unit is connected to the output of the addressing unit, the first and second information inputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second outputs of the synchronization unit, the third output of which is the device sync output connected to the write-read control input of the frame memory unit, with the first the corresponding input of the addressing unit and the first clock input of the body (sultry indicator, the video input of which) is connected to the output of the first code converter, the second clock input of the audit indicator is connected to: the solid output of the synchronization unit, the 1st information input of the address block is the second information : one device, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy of the device), it contains the second and third code converters, the first and second counters, the first and second frequency dividers, the window border shaping unit and the elec - OR gate, the output of which is connected to the information input of the first code converter, the first input is to the output of the frame memory lock, the second input of the pement block OR is connected to the output of the window border forming unit, the first information input of which is the input of the mode switching angle operation of the device, connected to the second control of the address block input, the second information input of the window forming and window boundaries is connected to the second output of the synchronization block, the first output is connected to the third information input of the unit As for the formation of boundaries on, the fourth information input of which is the first address input of the device connected to the first information-ion input of the second converter of the ode, the first output of which is connected to that information input of the window border decoration unit, the sixth information input of which is the next address input of the device, connected to the first information passage of the third code converter, the first output of which is connected to the seventh information input of the window border decoration unit, the eighth information the ion input of which is connected to the second output of the second converter of the odes, connected to the information ode of the first counter, the recording control input of which is connected to the third output of the synchronization unit, connected to the act input of the second frequency divider, the output of which is connected to the clock stroke of the second counter, the input of which is connected to the fourth information passage of the addressing unit, the fifth information input of which is connected to the output of the first counter, the clock input of which is connected to the output of the first clock divider, the information input of which is the third information input of the device connected to the second information input of the second code converter, the clock input of the second divider connected to the fifth output of the synchronization unit, the fourth output of which is connected to the recording control input of the second counter, the information input of which is connected to the second output of the third code converter, connected to the ninth information input of the window border forming unit, the second information input of the third code converter is the fourth information input of the device connected to the information input of the second frequency divider. 2. The device according to claim 1, with the exception that the window border forming unit contains first to sixth comparison elements, first and second triggers, first and second delay elements, seven AND elements, and an OR element, the first inputs of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth code comparison elements are fourth, sixth, respectively. the eighth, ninth, fifth and seventh information inputs of the block, the second inputs of the first, third and fifth elements of comparison are the third information input of the block, the second inputs of the second, fourth and sixth comparison elements are the second information onnym input unit, outputs of first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth comparing elements are connected to first inputs of the first through sixth AND gates, whose outputs are connected to inputs of the OR gate, the output the third comparison element is connected to the S-input of the first trigger, the output of the fourth comparison element is connected to the S-input of the second trigger, the output of the fifth comparison element through the first delay element connected to the R-input of the first trigger, the output of the sixth comparison element through the second delay element is connected to the R-input of the second trigger, the output of the first trigger is connected to the second inputs of the second, fourth and fifth elements AND, the output of the second trigger is connected to the second inputs of the first, third and p of the first AND element, the output of the OR element is connected to the first input of the seventh AND element, the second input which is the first information input of the block, and the output of the seventh AND element is the output of the block. 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