RU1836000C - Hydroponics installation to groo plants - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in agricultural, domestic mechanical engineering, in particular, in devices for growing plants in green soil and protected soil. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: the installation includes racks 1 on cantilever brackets in which trays (with plants) 5 are pivotally connected to a piping system for supplying and draining the nutrient solution. Swivel reflective strips 7 are mounted under the trays 5. When the unit is in operation, the plants are optimally illuminated by changing the position of the trays 5 and strips 7. 4 ill. ate with soooooooooo CJ

Description

The invention relates to devices for growing plants in greenhouses, in particular by hydroponics.

An object of the invention is to enable optimal light distribution in the growing volume.

Figure 1-4 presents a specific example of the installation.

Figure 1 shows the installation diagram.

The hydroponic installation includes pivotally mounted in the upper part of the frame of the rack 1, the folding mechanism 2 is installed in the lower part of the frame. The posts 1 form a triangular frame. The cantilever brackets 3 are symmetrically mounted on the uprights of the triangular frames, on the brackets 3 the telescopic rocker arms 4 are mounted pivotally with their central part and can be rotated in planes parallel to the planes of the triangular frames 4. plants. Under the trays 5, on their outer surfaces with the help of brackets 6, rotary reflective strips 7 are suspended.

The folding mechanism 2 has a hook 8. The frames are provided with rollers 9 with drives 10 (e.g., an electric motor) and are mounted on rails 11 with the possibility of moving relative to each other. Microswitches 12 are installed on the rails 11 in appropriate places, which are in contact with the hooks 8. The folding mechanism also includes a drive 13 connected via an adapter 14 to the wheel 15. The wheels 15 are interconnected by a chain transmission

16. Wheels 15 are fixed on screws

17, Nuts 18 are located on the screws 17. A piping system for feeding and

the discharge of the nutrient solution contains flexible radial feed pipes 19 with openings of a given diameter. Using the pipes 19, the entrances of the trays 5 are connected to the collectors 20, which are located in the upper part of each frame (from the solution supply side). The collectors 20 are connected to the pipe 21 and the feed tank 22 using flexible hoses 23 and a pump 24. The pump 24 is equipped with an electric motor 25.

The feed tank 22 is connected via hoses 26 and metering pumps 27 (each with a different type of fertilizer) to the tanks 28 for the mother liquor of the fertilizer. The metering pumps 27 are connected to electric drives 29, which are electrically connected with the regulator of the concentration of mineral fertilizers 30, a concentration meter 31 and a temperature sensor of the nutrient solution 32 (placed in the tank 22), air temperature sensors 33, humidity 34, the level of solar radiation or artificial sources of radiation 35, carbon dioxide concentration 36 (located in the greenhouse), and a plant development phase adjuster 37 located on the operator’s control panel.

Under the guides 11, trunk trays 38 are installed, which are connected through a pipe 39 to a container 22.

5 Hoses 40, designed to discharge the nutrient solution from the outlet openings of the trays 5, are fixed on the racks 1 so that their drain holes fall into the slot of the main tray

0 38. Arrows 39 indicate the path of the rays from the light source 40.

Figure 2 shows in detail the design of the telescopic holder-rocker 4. mounted on the console

5 to the bracket 3 by means of a hinge 41. The movable elements of the holder 42 are interconnected by rods 43.

Fig. 3 shows in detail rotary reflective strips 7 fixed to the trays with brackets 6 and hinges 44. The trays are suspended on the holders using a suspension 45 fixed to the holders x by hinges 46.

Figure 4 schematically shows a part

5 of the hydroponic installation, where for details some details are omitted. It can be seen that each of the trays 5 is mounted on a pair of holders-rocker arms 4. Moreover, these holders 4 are mounted on racks of neighboring triangular frames. Hinges 41 enable rotation of the holders 4 in planes parallel to the planes of the triangular frames; the axes of this possible rotation are perpendicular to the given plane of 5 sts. On each pair of holders 4, two trays 5 are suspended, and the fixing points in the hinges 46 are located on different sides from the axes of the possible rotation of the holders. Swivel reflective strips 7 are fixed on the outer surfaces of the trays. Hinges. 44 enable the strips 7 to rotate around an axis perpendicular to the planes of the triangular frames;

5 Installation works as follows. In plastic vessels placed in the lids of the trays 5, seeds or seedlings of plants are planted.

Periodically after a specified period of time, close the electric

the circuit feeding the electric motor 25 of the pump 24. The pump 24 from the tank 22 moves the nutrient solution through the pipe 21 through the flexible hoses 23 to the collectors 20. From the collector 20, the solution is moved through radial pipelines 19 to the entrances of the trays 5. The solution flowing through the trays is absorbed by the soil in pots and for a predetermined period of time holds it, pita the root system of plants. Further, the solution reaches the outlet openings of the blocks 5. It enters the drain radial pipes 40, closing the exits of the trays. From the pipes 40, the solution enters the main trays 38, from which it enters the tank of the nutrient solution 22 through the pipeline 39. Thus, the cycle of feeding the nutrient solution is closed. After a certain period of time, the electric circuit supplying the electric motor 25 of the pump 24 is opened. The supply of the nutrient solution is stopped. After a certain period of time, the electric circuit supplying the electric motor 25 of the pump 24 again closes, and again the nutrient solution is fed into the trays 5. Thus, the nutrient solution is automatically fed.

Through the hoses 26 from the containers 28, mother fertilizer solutions are fed into the tank 22 by means of metering pumps 27, driven by electric drives 29, through hoses 26. The operation of this solution supply unit is monitored by sensors 30-36, as well as by the plant phase adjuster 37.

To perform technological operations, such as tying plants to a trellis, harvesting, removing plant debris, a passage is used that is located between the side fence and the frame or between the frames. For this rack 1 with trays 5 mounted on them, they are moved to a predetermined position, approaching the vertical, for which they close the electric circuit supplying the electric motor 13. The electric motor 13 drives through the adapter 14

rotation of the chain gear 16, which rotates the screw 17 by means of gears 15. The screw 17 moves the posts 1 to or from a predetermined position. An asynchronous electric motor is installed as the electric motor 13. The hook 8 and the microswitch 12 limit the operation of the folding mechanism 2. If necessary, the frame is moved along the guides 11 on the rollers 9 using the drives 10.

In the process of growing plants, trays 5 are moved to a position that provides the necessary light regime. Moreover, for one tray 5 mounted on a pair of holders 4, a shading mode is provided, and for the other, a maximum illumination mode is provided. After the required time, the trays are interchanged by rotating the holders 4 in the hinges 41. To create the desired lighting mode, the movable elements 42 of the holders 6 are moved apart or shifted by the rods 43. In addition, the reflective strips 7 are oriented by rotating in the hinges 44, thus so that the rays 39 from the light source would fall into the trays 5.

Thus, the proposed installation allows to increase the yield of cultivated crops and the efficiency of its use due to the possibility of creating optimal light distribution in the growing volume.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A hydroponic plant growing plant, comprising a frame in the form of uprights with cantilevered brackets symmetrically positioned on them, on which trays are used for installing corrugators, characterized in that, in order to enable optimal light distribution in the BereYauw-on volume , on the brackets, with their central part, telescopic rocker-arms are pivotally mounted, to the ends of which are trays-spreaders with rotary reflective strips mounted under them mi W 33 J4 35 36  thirty figure 1 fat, g. Oh - 3tr -h  it