RU1836001C - Hydroponics installation - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in agriculture, in particular in facilities for growing if o o o Qn ty. plants by hydroponics. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: the installation includes movable frames of frames on which brackets 2 are mounted with pivoting holders 3 of the plant trays 4. Under the trays 4 strips 6 of reflective material are pivotally fixed. Light sources 7 are located between the frames on the side of the trays 4. Inside the frames, trays 9 for growing mushrooms of the oyster mushroom are placed. as well as containers 15 and pumps for preparing and supplying the nutrient solution to trays 4 and 9. When growing plants, their illumination is controlled by turning the holders 3, as well as reflective strips b and 8. For cleaning and maintenance of the greenhouse, the frames are moved in pairs, combining vertical frames. 1 C.p. f-ls .3 b ill. , 00 from about about about about CA "1 Figure 1

Description

The invention relates to devices for growing plants in greenhouses using hydroponics.

The aim of the invention is to increase the ease of maintenance and the efficiency of growing agricultural crops by optimizing the light distribution in the installation.

A specific installation example is shown in FIG. 1-6.

On Fig, 1 shows a diagram of a hydroponic installation. The hydroponic installation comprises movable frames of pairwise connected crossbars 1 forming triangular frames located in the edges of a straight triangular prism. Moreover, as can be seen from Fig. 1, the vertical bases of the prism are made in the form of frames forming a right triangle, one of the legs of which is located horizontally. Brackets 2 are fixedly mounted on the crossbar x 1 of a rectangular inclined frame. The brackets 2 are fixedly mounted on them. rotatable holders 3 rotatable in planes parallel to the planes of the prism bases. Vegetation trays 4 for growing plants are suspended on holders. Reflective strips 6 are pivotally mounted on the outer surfaces of trays 4 using brackets 5.

The installation contains lighting devices - artificial light sources 7. The indicated light sources are located between each pair of frames from the side of the vegetation vessels on the line of intersection of planes perpendicular to the inclined rectangular frames of each pair of frames and passing through the middle of the crossbars, forming hypotenuses of triangular bases of prisms.

The installation contains reflective strips 8, pivotally connected and mounted above the frames.

Inside the frames there are trays 9 for growing oyster mushrooms, under the frames there are air channels 10 and channels 11 in which conveyors 12 for growing mushrooms are placed. On the horizontal rectangular frame of each frame, in space 13, there is a tank 14 for preliminary preparation of the nutrient solution, a tank for the mother liquor 15, metering pumps 16 connected by hoses 17 with containers 15, In the planes of the crossbars 1 on the indicated crossbars x transparent plastic film 18 is fixed. The installation contains flexible radial feed pipes 19, drain radial pipes 20. K

base of casings attached rollers

21. Rollers are placed on rails

22, The arrows indicate the direction of the light rays, as well as the direction of movement

nutrient solution.

Figure 2 shows in detail the power supply system of a hydroponic plant. It contains a feed pipe 29 connected to a feed tank 30 at

0 help pump 31, which can be driven by a drive 32.

Tank 14 for the preliminary preparation of nutrient solution using hoses and metering pumps 33 is connected to

5 containers 15 for stock solutions of fertilizers. Dosing pumps are connected to electric drives 34, which are electrically connected to the regulator of the concentration of mineral fertilizers

0 35, concentrate meter 36, temperature sensor of nutrient solution 37, humidity sensors 38, air temperature 39, level of solar radiation or artificial radiation sources 40, carbon dioxide concentration 41. plant phase adjuster 42 located on the operator’s control panel

The pump 16 can be driven by an associated actuator 43. a container

0 14 is connected via pump 16 of hose 44 with a capacity of 30.

Fig. 3 shows in detail an embodiment of the telescopic holder with the possibility of moving each of

5 elements relative to other elements in the direction of its axis. The holder is fixed to the bracket 2 by a hinge 45. The movable elements of the holder 46 are interconnected by rods 47. The trays are suspended on suspensions mounted on hinges 48.

Figure 4 shows in detail reflective strips 6 mounted on trays using hinges 49 and brackets 5.

5 Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of telescopic crossbars 1 of a hydroponic installation. The crossbars are connected by means of hinges 50. The movable elements of the crossbars 51 are interconnected by means of rods 52. The crossbars are also interconnected by means of an arm 53 and hinges 54.

Figure 6 shows a General view of a hydroponic installation. 55 indicates

5 a door providing access to power system components.

The installation is maintained as follows.

Tomato seedlings are planted in plastic vessels placed in trays 4, or

cucumbers, and in trays 9 and conveyors 12 - spores of oyster mushrooms and champignons, respectively. By moving the movable elements 51 of the telescopic crossbars 1, the distance between the brackets 2 of the PFD is controlled by a specific type of culture. Using the rollers 21, the frames are installed in such a position that the planes of the frames with inclined beams are facing each other,

By rotating the holders 3 on the hinges 45, due to their length by moving the movable elements 46, as well as rotating the reflective strips 6, adjusting the position of the strips 8, optimum illumination of each tray is achieved. With the help of these same elements, the illumination is changed after the required time.

| Periodically, after a predetermined period of time, an electric circuit is closed that feeds the ifacoca 31 electric motor 32. A pump 31 from the tank 30 transfers the nutrient solution through the pipe 29 to the radial feed pipes 19, from where the solution moves to the entrances of the trays 14 and 9 The solution flowing through the trays is absorbed by the soil in the pots and is kept for a predetermined period of time by feeding the root system of the plants.

{Next, the solution, reaching the outlet openings of the trays 4.9, enters the drain radial pipes 20, closing the exits of the trays. From the pipes 20, the solution enters the tank 30. In this way, the feed-discharge cycle of the pit-solution is closed. After a certain time interval, the electric circuit supplying the electric motor 32 of the pump 31 is opened. The supply of the nutrient solution is stopped. After a certain time interval, the electric circuit supplying the electric motor 32 of the pump 31 is closed again, if the nutrient solution is again fed into the trays 4 and 9. Thus, the nutrient solution is periodically supplied.

Fertilizer fertilizer mother liquors are supplied from the tanks 15 to the tank 14 for the preliminary preparatory solution by means of pump dispensers 33, driven by electric drives 34, from the tanks 15. The operation of this solution supply unit is monitored by sensors 36-41, as well as the plant phase shutter 42. As necessary, the solution from the tank 41 is sent through the hose 44 to the tank 30 by a pump 16, driven by an electric actuator 43.

Ј the process of plant development changes the orientation of the reflective bands 8 and 6, holders 3, the length of the holders 3. and the crossbars 1, achieving optimal illumination of the plants.

To clean and maintain the greenhouse, the frames by means of rollers 21 are moved in such a way that the planes are brought together with vertically mounted crossbars 1. almost to full contact. In the space between the inclined crossbars of two adjacent frames, maintenance personnel can work. After the maintenance is complete, the frames are reset.

Thus, the proposed hydroponic installation allows to increase the convenience of service, the efficiency of growing agricultural crops.

Claims (2)

1. Hydroponic installation comprising a system for supplying and preparing a nutrient solution, lighting devices, and mobile frames mounted from crossbars forming frames located in the edges of a straight triangular prism, the bases of which are arranged in the form of triangular frames vertically, and one of the faces in the form of the angular frame is arranged horizontally and provided with rollers for moving the frame along the guides, while vegetative vessels on pivoting holders are mounted on inclined rectangular frames of the frame This is due to the fact that, in order to increase the convenience of maintenance and the efficiency of growing agricultural crops by optimizing the light distribution in the installation, as well as reducing the useful area occupied by the installation, the vertical bases of the prism are made in the form of frames forming a right triangle, one of which legs is located horizontally, and a rectangular inclined frame of the frame is equipped with bracket .ins for mounting the rotary holders of the vegetation vessels, while the lighting devices are located They are placed between each pair of frames from the side of the vegetation vessels on the intersection line of planes perpendicular to the inclined rectangular frames of each pair of frames and passing through the middle of the crossbars forming the hypotenuses of the triangular bases of the prisms, and containers for nutrient solution are installed on the horizontal rectangular frame of each frame, pumps for its preparation and supply to the vegetation vessels, as well as the unit control unit, and reflective strips are mounted above each frame, articulated with interconnected. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that trays for growing oyster mushrooms are installed inside the frames. .Fig. 1 No. No. ti Fig.Z # Phage 5 "ABOUT evj. H S