RU1822399C - Mix composition for manufacturing heat-insulating blocks - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: the production of building materials, in particular the production of heat-insulating piece materials based on organic binders and aggregate for civil and agricultural construction. Essence: a mixture for the manufacture of thermal insulation products includes sapropel with a relative humidity of 70-75% 60,, 3%, hydrated lime 19.1-22.1 wt.% Sodium silicofluoride May 2.0, wood fiber - the rest. The mixture is prepared by treatment in a wood fiber mixer with hydrated lime and sodium silica, followed by the addition of sapropel. The mixture is used to produce trescent-resistant, non-shrinking heat-insulating products, characterized by a density of 2.2-2.9 MPa when removed. 3 tab. Yo

Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials and is intended to produce thermal insulating piece materials based on organic binders and aggregates that can be used in civil and agricultural construction.

A known mixture for the manufacture of arbolite, comprising the following components, wt.h .:

Chopped wood2, 0 - 2.2 Besalit 3.6 - 3.8 Hydrated lime (mineralizer) 0.1 - 0.66 Water 3.3 - 3.6

physical and mechanical characteristics of the obtained products: Density in the dry state

Compressive strength bending strength

Thermal conductivity with humidity not 20%

500-7 0 kg / m3 0.3-3.5 MPa

Oh MPa

0, r-0.12W / m

° C

00

yoo

CA)

The main disadvantage of thermal insulation products from this mixture is the relatively high cost of manufacturing due to the high consumption of cement (360-380 kg / m1), high density and, as a consequence, a high coefficient of thermal conductivity.

The closest to the claimed invention in technical essence and the achieved result is a mixture for the manufacture of insulating products, including, wt.%: Sapropel with a relative humidity of 97-99% 82 - 90

Expanded perlite sand 9.7 - 15.5 Wood fiber 0.3 - 2.5 Sapropel with a relative humidity of 97-99% is an organic, cementitious liquid mass, for example a colloidal solution.

physical and mechanical characteristics of the obtained products: Density (volumetric mass), products, kg / m3210

Volumetric shrinkage,% 1.7 Water absorption,

wt.%

112

0,052

Thermal conductivity kcal / m-h-grad A disadvantage of the known mixture is the low strength and biostability of thermal insulation products.

The aim of the invention is to increase the strength and biostability of non-shrink thermal insulation products.

This is achieved in that the mixture for the manufacture of insulating products, including wet sapropel and wood fiber contains sapropel with a relative humidity of 70-75% and additional hydrated lime and sodium silicofluoride in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Sapropel with a relative humidity of 70-75 % 60.5 - 62.3

Hydrated lime 19.1 - 22.1 Sodium silicofluoride2, 0 Wood fiber

The use of sapropel with a relative humidity of 70-75% and sawdust and trickle mineralized with lime paste ensures the adhesive properties and plasticity of the mixture, the uniformity of the mixture with stirring, and satisfactory rheological properties during molding. Relative humidity of sapropel 70-75% in combination with lime paste, wet0

5

0

5

0

5

which 0% provides additional plasticization of the mixture.

Hydration of lime in the mixture binds part (up to 20%) of the water of this mixture into chemical compounds, reducing the proportion of free moisture, accelerating the drying process.

The use of sapropel with a relative humidity of 70-75% eliminates volume shrinkage of products from the inventive mixture.

The use of sapropel with a relative humidity of 70-75% became possible due to the use of a mineralizer in the form of a lime paste, which has a plasticizing effect on the mixture. If we take the lower limit of the relative humidity of sapropel less than 70%, then to ensure plasticity and uniformity of the molding material, it is necessary to increase the consumption of lime paste, which ultimately leads to an increase in thermal conductivity. An increase in the upper limit of the relative humidity of sapropel above 75% will not have a significant negative effect on homogeneity of the mixture, but worsen the molding properties of the mixture and lengthen the drying process of products from the mixture.

Characteristics of sapropel are given in table. 1.

Table 1

Ash content

Calcium oxides

Iron oxides

Phosphorus oxides

Sulfur

Total nitrogen

Metabolic acidity (pH)

5.7-7.3

Sawdust and shavings f 2.0-20 mm were used as a filler. Thin filings increase the total

51

surface and require an additional flow rate, therefore, in the claimed mixture, sawdust and shavings of the Fraction f 2.0–20 mm are taken. Coarse sawdust of 20 mm is difficult to mineralize, which reduces the strength of the products.

The density of sawdust and shavings with a moisture content of 35-40% is 250-350 kg / m3

Sawdust must meet the requirements of TU 13-538-80 Sawdust: no visible signs of mold and rot are allowed, and in winter, ice and snow impurities.

0

5

Hydrated lime is introduced into the inventive mixture in the form of a lime paste, showing the properties of a mineralizer for a filler of plant origin and a plasticizer for a molding mixture.

The calcareous paste in the form of a paste-like concentrated aqueous suspension (density about IOO kg / m3) contains about 50% water.

Examples of specific compositions and properties of the insulating material are given in Tables 2 and 3, respectively.

table 2

Density (bulk density), kg / m3

Appearance (presence of cracks)

Volumetric shrinkage,%, at t 100 ° С

Absorption, May 5

Compressive strength, MPa

290

1 (70 (80

477

482

Complete absence of shrinkage cracks

1.7 No shrinkage 68-112 95.7-104 84.3-88 95.5-98.6 95.4-102

2.2 2.8

2.2 2.9

The process of manufacturing insulating boards from the inventive mixture includes the following basic operations: processing the sawdust in the mixer with a mineralizer and antiseptic, preparing the mixture by adding sapropel, forming the plates, and drying (hardening).

Thermal insulation boards are formed in Molds with a size of 1000 mm using vibropresso

290

1 (70 (80

477

482

Complete absence of shrinkage cracks

2.2 2.8

2.2 2.9

Vani (pressure up to 1 kg / cm2). The formed heat-insulating plates harden in drying chambers at 80-120 ° С with intensive air recirculation for 24 hours.

The plates are dried in two stages. First, in the mold, after the main part of the moisture has been removed, when the boards become more durable, they must be dismantled and subjected to a second drying step.

The resulting material in structure refers to cellular insulating materials, in shape and appearance - to piece, in type of raw material - to organic, in density - to group T, in strength - grade LLOO - up to DBOO, compressive strength 0.0 - 0.02 MPa.

The resulting heat-insulating mixture of sapropel with a relative humidity of 70-75% and mineralized material of natural origin has a high & high strength, high strength, three (foreign resistance, biostability and durability, formula shade

A mixture for the manufacture of thermal insulation products, including wet

sapropel and wood fiber, which is explained by the fact that, in order to increase the strength and biostability of non-shrinking heat-insulating products, it contains sapropel with a relative humidity of 70-75% and additionally hydrated lime and sodium silicofluoride in the following ratio of components , wt.%:

Sapropel with a relative humidity of 70-75

Hydrate Lime Flint Sodium Atorium Wood Fiber

60.5 - 62.3 19.1 - 22.1

2.0 Else