RU181751U1 - HARVESTER HEAD - Google Patents

Abstract

The device relates to the field of logging, to delimbing mechanisms, namely to harvester heads. The harvester head along with felling, cutting of knots, and cutting trees into assortments allows them to be rough debarked (sifted). The essence of the proposed device lies in the fact that on the frame below the rotary lower delimbing knives and above the saw mechanism mounted rotary levers with debarking cutters, which are equipped with individual hydraulic drive of their rotation, debarking mills are equipped with individual hydraulic motors, and the direction of rotation of debarking mills is opposite to the direction of rotation of pulling rollers that specify the direction of movement of the tree trunk relative to the frame.

Description

The device relates to the field of logging, to delimbing mechanisms, namely to harvester heads. The harvester head along with felling, trimming of knots, bucking of trees into assortments allows their rough debarking (clearing).

Known working body of the feller-delimbing-and-cutting and cutting machine for producing assortments, which includes a housing [Description of the patent for utility model RU 117259, priority of January 25, 2012, published on June 27, 2012] on which the cutting-cutting mechanism, delimbing knives attached, are mounted to the housing by means of axes, a pulling mechanism in the form of a non-rotating roller and rotary rollers fixed coaxially to the axis of the hydraulic motor of the rotary roller drive. A cutting device for cylinder sorting is mounted in the body of the working body, with each rotary roller and its drive hydraulic motor mounted on a rotary frame mounted on an axis connecting it to the working body body and equipped with a frame rotation mechanism relative to the named axis, and the non-driving roller of the pulling mechanism and a cutting device for rounding assortments is connected to the body by means of hydraulic cylinders.

A disadvantage of the known working body of the feller-delimbing-and-cutting machine for producing assortments is its inability to carry out the injection of the resulting assortments. The scrub consists in removing the bark in several stripes. Sling helps to improve the quality of assortments due to the fact that it contributes to better drying of timber to protect them from rotting, insect damage. According to paragraph 28 g) of the “Growing Standing Rules for Standing Timber in the Forests of the Russian Federation” forest users, when harvesting hardwood in the spring and summer, are obligated to do so 10 days after logging, and when harvesting in autumn and winter, by the time the trunk period begins pests, sprinkle it. Otherwise, according to Clause 72 p) of the "Standing Standing Rules for Standing Timber in the Forests of the Russian Federation" penalties are applied to forest users for leaving deciduous wood in the forest for the summer without spelling [On approval of the Standing Standing Rules for Standing Timber in the Forests of the Russian Federation. - Electronic resource. - Access mode: http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102053325& rdk = & backlink = l, accessed July 11, 2017].

Known working body, mounted on the manipulator of the feller-delimbing-cutting and cutting machine [Description for utility model patent RU 121467, priority of 05/10/2012, published October 27, 2012] comprising a frame and a mechanism for turning the frame relative to the manipulator, a pulling mechanism, movable and fixed delimbers knives, saw mechanism. In the lower part of the frame, a stump grinding device is additionally mounted, located opposite the saw mechanism and made in the form of a body of revolution with cutting elements mounted on it, and a protective casing, and the grinding device is driven by a hydraulic motor, while the rotation mechanism is from vertical to horizontal the position at the point of articulation with the manipulator of the feller-delimbing-cutting and cutting machine is equipped with a locking device.

A disadvantage of the known working body, mounted on the manipulator of the feller-delimbing-and-cutting machine, is its inability to implement sorts of the resulting assortments.

Known feller-delimbing-cutting and cutting head of a forestry machine [Description of the invention to patent RU 2053648, priority from 05.27.1992, published 02.10.1996] containing delimbered, gripping, dragging and shearing devices mounted on the frame. The delimbing device comprises side rotary knives movably mounted on the hollow axes, which are rigidly connected to the torsion bars installed inside the hollow axes, and movably mounted on the hollow axes. The gripping device comprises gripping arms connected to each other, mounted on shafts, connected to the hydraulic cylinder, and through rods and torsion bars, with lateral rotary knives.

A disadvantage of the known feller-delimbing-cutting and cutting head of a logging machine is its inability to implement the sorts of the resulting assortments.

The closest in nature and taken as a prototype is the well-known harvester head [Harvester head - the main part of the harvester - Harvester with high technological characteristics. - Electronic resource. - Access mode:

http://lesotehnika.com/statya/st_4_harvesterhead.html, accessed July 11, 2017] including a frame, a frame rotation mechanism connected to it, traction rollers mounted on pivoting levers, a delimbing knife fixedly installed in the upper part of the frame, rotary upper and lower delimbing knives, travel roller, length meter wheel, saw mechanism, individual sensors.

A disadvantage of the known harvester head is its inability to implement the harvesting of the resulting assortments.

The technical result of the proposed harvester head is to improve the quality of the obtained assortments by the operation of their sprinkling, contributing to better drying of timber to prevent rotting, insect damage.

The technical result is achieved in that in the harvester head including the frame, the frame rotation mechanism, pulling rollers mounted on the swing arms, the upper fixed delimbing knife mounted on the frame, the rotary upper and lower delimbing knives, the travel roller, the length meter wheel, the saw mechanism, frame below the rotary lower delimbing knives and above the saw mechanism mounted rotary levers with debarking cutters, which are equipped with an individual hydraulic drive for their rotation, debarking cutters are equipped ndividualnymi hydraulic motors, the direction of rotation of debarking cutter is opposite the direction of rotation drags the rollers defining the direction of movement of the trunk relative to the frame.

In FIG. 1 shows a main view of a harvester head. In FIG. 2 shows a side view of a harvester head. In FIG. Figure 3 shows a section AA from a general view of a harvested head during the interaction of additional pivoting levers with debarking mills with a tree trunk.

The harvester head includes a frame 1, a rotation mechanism 2 of a frame 1, pulling rollers 4 mounted on rotary 3 levers, an upper fixed delimbing knife 5 mounted on a frame 1, rotary upper 6 and lower 7 delimbing knives, a roller 14 of the stroke, a wheel 8 of the length meter , the saw mechanism 9. On the frame 1 below the rotary lower 7 delimbing knives and above the saw mechanism 9 are mounted rotary levers 10 with debarking cutters 11, the rotary levers 10 are equipped with an individual hydraulic drive 12 for their rotation. Debarking cutters 11 are driven by individual hydraulic motors 13. The direction of rotation of the debarking cutters 11 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the pulling rollers 4, defining the direction of movement of the tree trunk 15 relative to the frame 1.

The harvester head works as follows.

Harvester pulls up to a tree, which is subject to a tumble. The operator points the harvester head to the tree, grabs it by clamping it between the frame 1 with the fixed upper delimbing knife 5 and the rotary upper 6 and lower 7 delimbing knives, cutting, felling.

When the tree is clamped between delimbing 5, 6, 7 knives, 15 rotary levers 10 with debarking cutters 11 are pressed against the tree trunk, while the pressing force is selected depending on the diameter of the tree trunk 15 and the thickness of the bark on it. The pressing force of the pivoting levers 10 with debarking cutters 11 to the trunk of the tree 15 can be automatically adjusted by the on-board computer of the harvester depending on the diameter of the tree 15 captured by the harvester head and the dependences of the thickness of the bark on the diameter and species of the tree embedded in the on-board computer software.

When dragging a tree trunk 15 along the frame 1 of the harvester head, branches 16 are cut from it and, at the same time, rotated debarking milling cutters 11 are cut.

An individual hydraulic actuator 12 for turning the rotary levers 10 provides control of the pressing force of the debarking mills 11 to the tree trunk 15 and thereby allows you to control the thickness of the bark layer removed from the surface of the tree trunk 15, which ensures complete removal of the bark layer in the zone of interaction of the debarking mills 11 with the tree trunk 15 and minimizes damage to the wood of the tree trunk 15 debarking mills 11.

The location of the rotary levers 10 with debarking cutters 11 on the frame 1 below the rotary lower 7 delimbing knives removes the bark from the surface of the tree trunk that has already been cleared of the knots 15. And the location of the rotary levers 10 with debarking cutters 11 above the saw mechanism 6 allows the tree 15 to be sifted assortment.

Hydromotors 13 provide rotation of the debarking mills 11. The direction of rotation of the debarking mills 11 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the pulling rollers 4 (Fig. 4). Since the pulling rollers 4 specify the direction of movement of the tree trunk 15 along the harvester head, the direction of rotation of the debarking cutters 11 in the opposite direction reduces the speed necessary for cutting the bark layer by the speed of the trunk of the tree 15 along the harvester head specified by the pulling rollers 4.

The proposed harvester head allows, in addition to its traditional operations of grabbing a tree, cutting, felling, cutting branches, bucking logs to carry out an operation to remove part of the bark - sprinkling with minimal damage to the trunk wood.

The implementation of sorts of assortments improves their quality due to the fact that the best drying is provided, which helps to prevent rotting, damage by insects.

Implementation of the harvesting by the harvester head during the development of assortments from the trunk of a fallen tree will allow forest managers without the use of additional equipment to fulfill the requirements of paragraph 28 g) of the "Standing rules for standing timber in the forests of the Russian Federation" consisting in the fact that when harvesting hardwood during spring and summer they are obligated to do so within a 10-day period after logging, and during autumn-winter harvesting, by the time the stem pest colonization period begins, they must be injected and thereby avoid sanctions for failure to comply with this requirement.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Description of the patent for utility model RU 117259, priority date 01.25.2012, published 06.27.2012

2. On approval of the Rules for the supply of standing wood in the Forests of the Russian Federation. - Electronic resource. - Access mode: http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102053325&rdk= & backlink = l, accessed July 11, 2017

3. Description of the patent for utility model RU 121467, priority dated May 10, 2012, published October 27, 2012.

4. Description of the invention to patent RU 2053648, priority from 05/27/1992, published 02/10/1996.

5. Harvester head - the main part of the harvester - Harvester with high technological characteristics. - Electronic resource. - Access mode http://lesotehnika.com/statya/st_4_harvesterhead.html, accessed July 11, 2017.

Claims (1)

Harvester head including a frame, a mechanism for turning the frame, pulling rollers mounted on the swinging levers, an upper fixed delimbing knife mounted on the frame, rotary upper and lower delimbing knives, travel roller, length measuring wheel, saw mechanism, characterized in that the frame is lower than the rotary lower delimbing knives and above the saw mechanism mounted swivel levers with debarking mills, which are equipped with an individual hydraulic drive for their rotation, debarking mills are equipped with individual hydrom tori, the direction of rotation of debarking cutter is opposite the direction of rotation drags the rollers defining the direction of movement of the trunk relative to the frame.

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