RU1810432C - Ground-taking device - Google Patents

Abstract

Purpose: the invention relates to hydraulic engineering reclamation. SUBSTANCE: a ski with a cutting element is installed on the guide casing with the possibility of movement on its Bottom. Milling auger cultivators are placed in the casing to form pairs with counter-rotating augers mounted obliquely to the bottom of the ski, which is freely movable and wedge-shaped. In the upper part of the cultivators there are opposing elements made in the form of rings with plates that form sectors among themselves. The skis, having deepened into the upper layer of the deposit, are cut and moved from the fence zone by sapropel screws. As a result of the lateral pressure of the device on the deposit, the screws enter the soil by the required amount and are cut with knives. The cut off sapropel layer is moved by screws to the level of the rings, where it is ground by knives and counter plates. The upper part of the augers acts as pumps, creates a support to the soil, and ensures transportation of sapropel. 5 ill.

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering reclamation, in particular to soil excavation devices, and can be used to develop sapropels and other bottom sediments.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the soil sampling device and to improve the quality of mined sapropel.

Figure 1 shows the main view of the soil. sectional sampling device; figure 2 is a view In figure 1; in Fig.Z - section bB in Fig.1; figure 4 is a section bb in figure 1; figure 5 is an axonometric image of the ski.

The soil intake device is a working body of a catamaran-type floating unit and is a structure comprising a prefabricated casing 1, screws 3 having double winding 4 placed on it in angular contact bearings 2, the cross section of the turns having the shape of an inclined trapezoid along the outer generatrix screws 3 are located interchangeable knives 5, as well as a gear motor located above the casing b. The upper ends of the winding 4 screws 3 are equipped with movable knives 7 located in the unloading visor 8, consisting of a conveyor for mined sapropel 9, a gear motor 10, a spring-loaded scraper

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11. Between the upper end of the winding 4 of the screws 3 and the visor are placed rings 12 with opposing plates 13. Moreover, the plates 13 are made in the form of sectors to reduce the cutting force. The prefabricated casing 1 is provided with guides 14 in which a ski 15 is mounted in the form of a wedge with the possibility of free movement in the horizontal plane, the cutting elements 16 in the form of plates are attached to the working walls 22 of which, the working walls 22 of the ski 15 and the cutting elements 16 are arranged so that their working surfaces form grooves between themselves. A ski 15 installed in a soil intake device serves as a cutter for water and aquatic vegetation for its intended purpose. The entire soil sampling device is attached to the floating unit by means of rails 17. To move along the height relative to the body 19 of the floating unit, the soil sampling device contains hydraulic cylinders 18. In order to avoid the heel of the floating unit, the soil sampling device is attached to its body by hinges 20.

Soil intake device operates as follows.

In the initial position of the floating unit, the soil sampling device along the guides 17 is lowered by the action of the hydraulic cylinders 18 and its own weight on the top layer of sapropel. At the same time, the ski 15 along the guides 14 is lowered to the lower position. They include 10.6 gear motors and give a stroke (see Fig. 1). The ski 15, having penetrated into the top layer behind the hedgehogs, cuts and moves it along the walls of the ski from the fence zone by sapropel with screws 3, and also prevents water from entering this zone. As a result of the lateral pressure of the device on the reservoir, the screws 3 enter the soil to the required depth and cut it

knives 6. The cut-off layer of sapropel due to the rotation of the screws and the pressure of the deposit moves up to the level of the rings 12, where it is crushed by moving knives 7 and opposing plates 13. The upper part of the screws 3 acts as pumps, creates a support to the soil, transporting sapropels to the zone of action blades 21, the latter Discard the soil onto the walls of the visor 8, breaking off them the sapropel falls onto the conveyor 9 and unloads no barge (last not shown). The conveyor belt 9 is cleaned by a spring-loaded scraper 11.

Claims (1)

The advantage of the proposed soil sampling device as compared with the prototype is to increase work efficiency, increase productivity, increase pulp consistency, and prevent vegetation from getting into the extracted sapropel. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An earth pick-up device for a dredger, including ski mounted in guides with the possibility of movement along the casing and having a cutting element on its bottom, and a milling auger cultivator located in the casing, in the upper part of which there are opposing elements, characterized in that that, in order to improve the quality of the produced sapropel by reducing the possibility of the plant layer getting into it, it is equipped with additional milling screw rippers with the formation of pairs with about anti-directional rotation screws installed obliquely to the bottom of the ski, and the latter is located with the possibility of free movement and has the shape of a wedge, while the opposing elements are made in the form of rings with plates located in them, which form sectors among themselves ..