RU18097U1 - SHELL-TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER - Google Patents

Description

2001101320

SHIRRRRiMR,, p 28D 1/04

SHELL-TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER

The utility model relates to shell-and-tube heat exchangers of viscous liquids, can be used in energy, oil refining and petrochemical industries and is aimed at intensifying heat transfer, reducing metal consumption and labor intensity in manufacturing, increasing operational reliability and cleaning the internal surfaces of heat exchange tubes.

Known shell-and-tube heat exchanger consisting of a housing with tube parts, fixed to two tube plates, bottoms with flange connections, ed. St. USSR, No. 1239502, cl. F28D 7/16, F28f 1/02, 01/04/1985 To intensify heat transfer in such heat exchangers, as a rule, designs of tubular elements with various configurations are used.

Their disadvantage is the low energy efficiency, the complexity of manufacturing and the inability to clean the tubing tubes from any kind of deposits.

The closest, in technical essence, to the proposed utility model are heat exchangers, ed. St. USSR, No. 1239502, cl. F28D 7/16, F28f 1/02, 01/04/1985, ed. St. USSR, No. 1081405, cl. F28D 7/02, containing bundles of oval-shaped tubes twisted in a spiral or helical.

Their disadvantage is low energy efficiency, especially when used for heating viscous fluids, the complexity of manufacturing and the inability to clean the heat exchanger tubes from deposits.

The proposed utility model is aimed at intensifying heat transfer, reducing metal consumption and labor intensity in manufacturing, increasing operational reliability and safety, and self-cleaning the inner surfaces of the tubes.

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This is achieved by using in tube bundles of the proposed shell-and-tube heaters, pipes in which an oval section, with a narrowed middle part, is made on separate lengths, in adjacent of which, separated by cylindrical) astes, the major axis of each subsequent oval is angled to the previous one, forming a helical direction, and in the construction of buildings using welded bottoms of distribution chambers.

Figure 1 shows the proposed four-shell and shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a General view with cuts; figure 2 is a variant of a three-shell leatherette bran tenloobmennik, General view with cuts; in Fig.Z-version of two-corn leather) bran heat exchanger, General view with cuts; figure 4-variant of a single-shell shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a General view with cuts; figure 5-used pipe elements in the tube bundles of the proposed heat exchangers; Fig. b-profiles of oval sections with a narrowed middle part and schipschdric zastkov heat transfer tubes.

The shell-and-tube heat exchanger shown in Fig. 1 consists of four bodies 1-4, pipe knots 5 with tubes 6, tube sheets 7 and partitions 8, input 9, bypass 10 and output 11 pipes of a heated medium; input 12, non-transferring 13 and output 14 coolant nozzles; motionless 15 and movable 16 supports; supporting inter-pillar racks 17. At the opposite ends of each case there are distribution chambers of a heated medium 18, with partitions 19, seals 20 and 21, one on top A. Distribution chambers are closed welded with bottoms 22.

The shell-and-tube heat exchanger shown in Fig. 2 consists of three bodies 1-3, tube bundles 5 with tubes 6, tube sheets 7 and partitions 8, inlet 9, non-outlet 10 and outlet 11 nozzles of a heated medium; input 12, bypass 13 and output 14 coolant pipes; motionless 15 and movable 16 supports; supporting interbody racks 17. At the opposite ends of the housings there are distribution chambers of a heated medium 18 with partitions 19, seals 20 and 21 shown on high A. Distribution chambers are closed by nestar bottoms 22.

The shell-and-tube heat exchanger shown in Fig. 3 consists of dvzhgh corsuses 1 and 2, tube bundles 5 with tubes 6, tube sheets 7 and partitions 8, inlet 9, bypass 10 and outlet 11 of the medium to be heated; input 12, bypass 13 and output 14 coolant pipes; fixed 15 and mobile 16 supports; deflected inter-frame racks 17. At the opposite ends of the housings are located the separation chambers of the heated medium 18 with partitions 19, seals 20 and 21 shown on the leader A. Distribution chambers are closed by welded bottoms 22.

The shell-and-tube heat exchanger shown in Fig. 4 consists of one casing 1, a tube bundle 5 with tubes 6, tube sheets 7 and partitions 8, input 9 and output 11 pipes of a heated medium; input 12 and output 14 coolant pipes; motionless 15 and movable 16 supports. At the opposite ends of the housing there are distribution chambers of the heated medium 18 with partitions 19, seals 20 and 21 shown on high A. Distribution chambers are closed by welded bottoms 22.

Leather) bran heat exchanger having four bodies, operates as follows:

The annulus-heat transfer medium flows through the nozzles 12 to the upper bodies 3 and 4 and, moving across the tube bundles 5 with tubes 6 and partitions 8, enters through the bypass nozzles 13 into the lower bodies 1 and 2, where it moves across the tube of the tube nubs 5 with tubes 6 and non-partitions 7, condensing is discharged through nozzles 14. In this case, heat transfer from

 7 medium moving through tubes 6.

The medium of the tube space enters through the pipe 9 into the distribution chamber 18 with partitions 19 and seals 20-21 separating the strokes of the multi-way housing 1, then passing through the tubes 6 of the tube bundle 5, the bypass pipe 10, the distribution chamber 18 with the partitions 19 and the multi-way seals 20-21 case 2, tube pipe 5), the bypass pipe 10, the distribution chamber 18 with partitions 19 and the seals 20-21, separating the passages of the multi-way housing 3, the bypass pipe 10, the distribution chamber 18 with partitions 19 and pplotnitelyami 20-21 changeover body 4 is output through the pipe 11. In this case, the heat exchange medium tube space with coolant.

A shell-and-tube heat exchanger having three bodies operates as follows:

The annulus-heat transfer medium enters through the nozzle 12 into the upper housing 3 and, moving across the tubes of the tube bundle 5 with tubes 6 and partitions 8, the bypass tube 13, across the tubes of the tube bundle 5 with tubes 6 and partitions 8 of the housing 2, the next bypass tube 13 and across the tubes of the tube bundle 5 with tubes 6 and partitions 8 of the housing 1, condensing is discharged through the nozzle 14. In this case, heat exchange of the heat carrier with the medium moving through the tubes 6 takes place.

The medium of the tube space enters through the pipe 9 into the distribution chamber 18 with partitions 19 and seals 20-21 separating the passages of the multi-way housing 1, then passing through the tubes 6 of the tube bundle 5, the bypass pipe 10, the distribution chamber 18c with partitions 19 and seals 20-21, separating the strokes of the multi-way housing 2, tube tube bundle 5, the next bypass pipe 10, a distribution chamber 18 with baffles 19 and seals 20-21, separating the strokes of the multi-way housing 3, is outputted through the pipe 11. In this case, the heat exchange of the pipe-tube medium with the coolant descends.

Shell-and-tube heat exchangers having two shells and one shell work similarly to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with three shells, with the coolant entering the annulus through the nozzle 12 and the outlet through the nozzle 14, and the tube medium, respectively, through the nozzles 9 and 11.

The tube bundle pipe shown in FIG. 5, has oval sections 1-6 with a narrowed middle part, in adjacent of which, separated by cylinder sections 7-11, the major axis of each subsequent oval is located at an angle to the previous one. Koshch tubes have 1 cross-section.

The near-wall layers and cold cores formed in the cylindrical sections 7–11, sharply accelerating in oval sections 1–6, with a helical rotation in the direction of travel, collapse and mix with each other, intensifying heat transfer, and the resonance effect created by an abrupt change in the angle of motion of the heated fluid helps to reduce viscosity fluid and self-cleaning the inner walls of the tubes from deposits.

Thus, the use of the proposed shell-and-tube heat exchangers, in comparison with the prototype, will intensify the heat transfer due to more active mixing of the cold core with a hot liquid layer and the use of the resonance effect for self-cleaning of heat transfer tubes.

Claims (2)

1. Shell-and-tube heat exchanger having at least one body, mainly for heating highly viscous liquids, with tube bundles attached to tube sheets, characterized in that the heat exchanger tubes have oval sections, with a narrowed middle part, made in separate sections along length, in adjacent of which, separated by cylindrical sections, the major axis of each subsequent oval is located at an angle to the previous one, forming a helical direction. 2. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that welded bottoms are used in the distribution chambers of the housing.