RU180929U1 - RAILWAY DRAINER OF THE RAILWAY TANK - Google Patents

Abstract

Description

The utility model relates to the field of railway transport and can be used as a drain device in railway tanks for the transportation of liquid cargo.

Known drain devices of the railway tank, located in the lower part of the tank and containing a housing in the casing, the main and additional valves, an intermediate valve, which is installed in the housing between the main and additional valves (RU 2267421 C1, publ. 10.01.2006; RU 2182091 C1, publ May 10, 2002). The intermediate shutter in the known drainage devices is made in the form of a detachable body, inside of which stroke limiters and a valve are installed with a stem connected to a rotary device for opening the intermediate shutter, or in the form of a rotary shutter with a lateral spherical surface tightly interacting with a non-metallic sealing seat located in ring insert housing.

It is also known that the drain device of a railroad tank car adopted for the closest analogue contains a body, upper and lower gates and an intermediate shutter located above the lower gate, made in the form of a safety plug, equipped with a sealing ring, ball valve and safety cable and screwed into the housing along the profile thrust thread formed by the protruding ends of the rods that are installed in the holes of the housing (patent RU 110349 U1, publ. 30.08.2011).

The technical problem that cannot be solved using well-known technical solutions is the complexity of the designs of their intermediate valves, which are installed in order to increase the operational reliability of the tank, achieved by improving the tightness of the drain device under various stresses arising from the transportation and discharge of liquid cargo. To do this, the intermediate valves are equipped with seals of one design or another, as well as means for regulating the position of the intermediate valves, performed manually, which complicates the design of the drain devices and the process of their operation.

The technical result of the utility model is to simplify the design of the drain device of the railway tank in part of the intermediate shutter, to reduce the complexity of the operation of the drain device.

The specified technical result is achieved when using the drain device of the railway tank, containing a cylindrical body, lower, upper valves and an intermediate valve installed above the lower valve and made in the form of a lower safety plug, which, in contrast to the closest analogue, is equipped with an intermediate valve installed under the upper shutter and made in the form of an upper safety stopper, while above the lower safety stopper and under the upper safety stopper respectively, lower and upper sealing gaskets made of polymeric material are placed, on the inner surface of the cylindrical body in its lower and upper parts, lower and upper thrust flanges are made respectively with working surfaces along the annular edges for mating in the closed position of the drain device with the corresponding working surfaces, made along the annular edges of the lower and upper gaskets, the lower and upper safety plugs are installed above the lower gate and a top gate through the upper and lower elastic members, respectively.

In particular forms of implementing the utility model, the working surfaces of the lower and upper sealing gaskets and the working surfaces of the lower and upper thrust flanges are made horizontal or inclined for their interfacing.

In particular forms of implementing the utility model, the diameters of the lower and upper sealing gaskets exceed by 2–4 mm the inner diameter of the cylindrical body of the drain device at the level of the lower and upper thrust flanges.

In particular forms of implementing the utility model, compression springs, or articles made of an elastomer in the form of a solid or hollow cylinder, or a ring, can be used as elastic elements.

In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the elastic elements are made with a height that ensures, in the closed position of the drain device, that the working surfaces of the gaskets are tightly mated with the corresponding working surfaces of the thrust collars.

In particular forms of implementing the utility model, the fastening of the lower and upper elastic elements to the surfaces of the lower and upper closures and the lower and upper safety plugs in contact with them can be accomplished by means of a tight fit on cylindrical guides, either brackets and bolted joints, or glued joints.

The proposed utility model is presented in the drawings, where

in FIG. 1 - the main view of the drain device of the railway tank in the closed position;

in FIG. 2a is a partial view A of FIG. 1 with horizontal work surfaces;

in FIG. 2b is a partial view A ’in FIG. 1 with inclined work surfaces;

in FIG. 3a is a partial view B of FIG. 1 with horizontal work surfaces;

in FIG. 3b is a partial view of B ’with inclined work surfaces.

The drain device of the railway tank is installed in the lower part of the boiler of the tank and contains a cylindrical body 1 with sequentially located gates inside it - the lower shutter 2, the lower intermediate shutter 3, the upper intermediate shutter 4 and the upper shutter 5 (Fig. 1). The lower shutter 2 is located at the lower end of the housing 1 of the drain device; the lower intermediate shutter 3 is located above the lower shutter 2, the upper intermediate shutter 4 is located under the upper shutter 5; the upper shutter 5 is located inside the boiler of the tank and is fixed in its drain hole.

On the inner side surface of the cylindrical casing 1, annular stop flanges are made - lower 1.1 (Fig. 2) and upper 1.2 (Fig. 3) as limit stops for the lower 3 and upper 4 intermediate valves. At the level of the lower 1.1 and upper 1.2 of the thrust shoulders, the cylindrical body 1 is made with an inner diameter d. The annular edge in the lower part of the lower thrust shoulder 1.1 is its working surface 1.1.1 and can be made horizontal (Fig. 2A) or inclined (Fig. 2b). When making the working surface 1.1.1 horizontal, it is located on the horizontal surface of the lower thrust shoulder 1.1, made without an angular bevel (chamfer); when the working surface 1.1.1 is inclined, it is located on the surface of an angular bevel made along the lower edge of the lower thrust shoulder 1.1. Similarly, the annular edge in the upper part of the upper thrust shoulder 1.2 is its working surface 1.2.1 and can be made horizontal (Fig. 3a) or inclined (Fig. 3b). When the working surface 1.2.1 is horizontal, it is located on the horizontal surface of the upper thrust shoulder 1.2, made without an angular bevel (chamfer). When the working surface 1.2.1 is inclined, it is located on the surface of an angular bevel made along the lower edge of the upper thrust shoulder 1.2.

The lower intermediate shutter 3 (Fig. 2) is made in the form of a cylindrical safety plug. To the upper surface of the lower safety plug 3 by means of, for example, an adhesive joint, a lower sealing gasket 6 is attached, which is made with a diameter D and made of a polymeric material, for example, rubber, polyurethane, etc. The annular edge in the upper part of the gasket 6 is its working surface 6.1 and can be made horizontal (Fig. 2a) with its location on the horizontal surface of the gasket 6, which does not have an angular bevel (chamfer), or inclined (Fig. 2b) with the location it on the surface of an angular bevel made along the upper edge of the gasket 6. The diameter of the lower safety plug 3 can be equal to or smaller than the diameter D of the lower gasket 6. Similarly, the upper intermediate The shutter 4 (Fig. 3) is formed as a cylindrical tube safety. An upper sealing gasket 7, which is made with a diameter D and made of a polymeric material, for example, rubber, polyurethane, etc., is attached to the lower surface of the upper safety plug 4 using, for example, an adhesive joint. The annular edge in the lower part of the gasket 7 is its working surface 7.1 and can be made horizontal (Fig. 3a) with its location on the horizontal surface of the gasket 7, which does not have an angular bevel (chamfer), or inclined (Fig. 3b) with the location it on the surface of an angular bevel made along the lower edge of the gasket 7. The diameter of the upper safety plug 4 can be equal to or smaller than the diameter D of the gasket 7.

The horizontal working surfaces 6.1 and 7.1 of the gaskets 6 and 7 are mating surfaces for interfacing with the horizontal working surfaces 1.1.1 and 1.2.1 of the pressure flanges 1.1 and 1.2, respectively. Similarly, the inclined working surfaces 6.1 and 7.1 of the gaskets 6 and 7 are mating surfaces for mating with the inclined working surfaces 1.1.1 and 1.2.1 of the thrust shoulders 1.1 and 1.2, respectively.

The annular regions formed when the working surfaces 6.1, 7.1 are mated with the working surfaces 1.1.1, 1.2.1 are limited in width to the diameters D and d. In this case, the following requirements must be observed: the width of the indicated annular regions should provide, in the closed position of the drain device, a sufficiently wide area of mating and overlapping in the radial direction of the gaskets 6, 7 and thrust collars 1.1, 1.2; while the thrust collars 1.1, 1.2 should have a minimum protrusion into the internal cavity of the housing 1 of the drain device in order to ensure the maximum possible clearance of the drain pipe. These requirements are met by the excess of the value of the diameter D over the value of the diameter d by a value from 2 to 4 mm.

Between the lower shutter 2 and the lower safety plug 3 and between the upper shutter 5 and the upper safety plug 4, respectively, the lower 8 and upper 9 elastic elements are installed, which can be used as compression springs, or products made of an elastomer in the form of a solid or hollow cylinder, or rings. The elastic elements 8 and 9 are made with a height that ensures a tight fit in the longitudinal direction of the lower 6 and upper 7 sealing gaskets to the corresponding stop collars 1.1 and 1.2. For basing and tight fit elastic elements 8 and 9, which are compression springs, or hollow cylinders or rings of elastomer, on the surfaces in contact with these elements, namely, on the surfaces of the lower 2 and upper 5 closures and on the surfaces of the safety plugs 3 and 4, made guides with a cylindrical surface. The fastening of the elastic elements 8 and 9 to the contacting surfaces can also be carried out using brackets and bolted joints. The fastening to the contacting surfaces of the elastic elements 8 and 9, which are products of elastomer, can also be carried out using adhesive bonding.

The proposed drain device operates as follows.

Before unloading the tank, the lower shutter 2 and the upper shutter 5 are sequentially opened.

In the process of opening the lower shutter 2, the opening of the lower intermediate shutter 3 is automatic. When the lower shutter 2 is brought down, the lower elastic element 8 (compression spring or elastomer product) is unclenched, the working surface 6.1 of the lower sealing gasket 6 goes out of contact with the working surface 1.1.1 of the stop shoulder 1.1, after which the assembly is made from the lower shutter 2, the lower intermediate the shutter in the form of a safety plug 3, the lower sealing strip 6 and the lower elastic element 8 is removed from the housing 1 of the drain device.

In the process of opening the upper shutter 5 when it is pulled up, the upper elastic element 9 (compression spring or elastomer product) is unclenched, the working surface 7.1 of the upper sealing gasket 7 goes out of contact with the working surface 1.2.1 of the stop shoulder 1.2. And then the assembly, consisting of the upper sealing strip 7, the upper safety plug 4 and the upper elastic element 9, is removed from the housing 1 of the drain device.

Closing the drain device is carried out by sequentially closing the upper shutter 5 and the lower shutter 2.

When closing the upper shutter 5, the elastic element 9, the upper safety plug 4, and the sealing gasket 7 move down along the housing 1 until the working surface 7.1 stops against the working surface 1.2.1 of the stop shoulder 1.2. When closing the lower shutter 2, the elastic element 8, the lower safety plug 3 and the gasket 6 are moved up along the housing 1 until the working surface 6.1 stops against the working surface 1.1.1 of the stop shoulder 1.1. In the closed position of the drain device, these working surfaces are tightly mated, thereby ensuring the tightness of the drain device in the area of the intermediate shutter.

The processes of opening and closing the intermediate valves of the proposed design are simple, quick operations that reduce the complexity of the operation of the drain device of the railway tank.

Intermediate valves of the proposed design are simple structures consisting of a small number of elements. The implementation of the purpose of the intermediate valves, which consists in improving the tightness of the drain device of the railway tank, as well as the achievement of the technical result, which consists in simplifying the design of the drain device in the part of the intermediate valve, are ensured by the manufacture of sealing gaskets 6 and 7 from a polymeric material with elastic and elastic properties; the implementation of the proposed ratio of the diameters D and d; the implementation of the elastic elements 8 and 9 with a height that provides in the closed position of the drain device a tight fit of the gaskets 6 and 7 to the thrust collars 1.1 and 1.2 in the longitudinal direction. Due to the chemical resistance of the polymer material, the gaskets 6 and 7 do not come into contact with the liquid load, thereby ensuring the durability of the intermediate valves. The elastic properties of the materials of the sealing gaskets 6, 7 and the elastic elements 8, 9 increase the operational reliability of the tank drain device under conditions of uneven force loads during transportation of liquid cargo and during its discharge.

Claims (7)

1. A drain device of a railway tank containing a cylindrical body, a lower, an upper gate and an intermediate valve mounted above the lower valve and made in the form of a lower safety plug, characterized in that it is equipped with an intermediate valve installed under the upper valve and made in the form of an upper safety plugs, while above the lower safety plug and under the upper safety plug are placed lower and upper sealing gaskets, made and of the polymer material, on the inner surface of the cylindrical body in the lower and upper parts, respectively, the lower and upper thrust flanges are made with working surfaces along the annular edges for mating in the closed position of the drain device with the corresponding working surfaces made along the annular edges of the lower and upper sealing gaskets, lower and the upper safety plugs are installed above the lower shutter and under the upper shutter through the lower and upper elastic elements, respectively about. 2. A drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that the working surfaces of the lower and upper sealing gaskets and the working surfaces of the lower and upper thrust flanges are made horizontal for their interfacing. 3. The drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that the working surfaces of the lower and upper sealing gaskets and the working surfaces of the lower and upper thrust flanges are made inclined for their interfacing. 4. The drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameters of the lower and upper sealing gaskets exceed by 2-4 mm the inner diameter of the cylindrical body of the drain device at the level of the lower and upper thrust collars. 5. A drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that compression springs, or articles made of an elastomer in the form of a solid or hollow cylinder, or a ring, can be used as elastic elements. 6. The drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic elements are made with a height that ensures that in the closed position of the drain device there is tight mating of the working surfaces of the gaskets and the corresponding thrust collars. 7. A drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening of the lower and upper elastic elements to the surfaces of the lower and upper closures and the lower and upper safety plugs in contact with them is made by tight fit on the cylindrical guides, or by using brackets and bolted connections, or adhesive bonding.

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