RU180487U1 - RAILWAY DRAINER OF THE RAILWAY TANK - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of railway transport and can be used as a drain device in railway tanks for the transportation of liquid cargo. The drain device of the railway tank contains a housing, upper, lower and intermediate valves. The intermediate shutter is made in the form of a safety plug made of a polymer material and mounted on the lower shutter through an elastic element. A working surface is made along the annular edge of the upper part of the safety plug. To interface with the working surface of the safety plug in the closed position of the drain device, a stop collar is made on the inner surface of the housing with the working surface along the annular edge of its lower part. The technical result of the utility model is to simplify the design of the drain device of the railway tank in part of the intermediate shutter, reducing the complexity of the operation of the drain device. 6 c.p. f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of railway transport and can be used as a drain device in railway tanks for the transportation of liquid cargo.

Known drain devices of the railway tank located in the lower part of the tank and containing a housing in the casing, the main and additional valves, an intermediate valve, which is installed in the housing between the main and additional valves (see RU 2267421 C1, publ. 10.01.2006; RU 2182091 C1 , published May 10, 2002). The intermediate shutter in the known drainage devices is made in the form of a detachable body, inside of which stroke limiters and a valve are installed with a stem connected to a rotary device for opening the intermediate shutter, or in the form of a rotary shutter with a lateral spherical surface tightly interacting with a non-metallic sealing seat located in ring insert housing.

It is also known that the drain device of a railroad tank car adopted for the closest analogue contains a body, upper and lower gates and an intermediate shutter located above the lower gate, made in the form of a safety plug, equipped with a sealing ring, ball valve and safety cable and screwed into the housing along the profile thrust thread formed by the protruding ends of the rods that are installed in the holes of the housing (patent RU 110349 U1, publ. 30.08.2011).

A technical problem that cannot be solved by the known drain devices is the complexity of the design of the intermediate valves, which are designed to increase the operational reliability of the tank by improving the tightness of the drain device under various impacts of power loads that arise during transportation and discharge of liquid cargo. For this purpose, the intermediate valves are equipped with seals of one design or another, as well as means for regulating the position of the intermediate valves, performed manually, which complicates the design of the drain devices and the process of their operation. So, when operating the drain device according to the closest analogue, it is necessary to additionally spend time on screwing-unscrewing the safety plug, in the form of which the intermediate shutter is made, and on servicing the ball valve with which the safety plug is equipped.

The technical result of the utility model is to simplify the design of the drain device of the railway tank in part of the intermediate shutter, reducing the complexity of the operation of the drain device.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the drain device of the railway tank containing a cylindrical body, upper, lower valves and an intermediate valve installed above the lower valve and made in the form of a safety plug, characterized in that on the inner surface of the housing of the drain device there is a stop collar with a working surface along the annular edge of its lower part, for interfacing with the working surface of the thrust flange in the closed position of the drain device along the annular edge erhney safety stopper portion is formed the working surface, wherein the safety plug is made of a polymer material and is positioned above a bottom-gate via an elastic element.

In private forms of implementation, the working surfaces of the thrust shoulder and the safety plug are made horizontal or inclined for their interfacing.

In private forms of implementation, the diameter of the safety plug exceeds the inner diameter of the housing of the drain device, measured along the inner surface of the thrust collar, by (2 - 4) mm.

In particular forms of implementation, a compression spring or an article made of an elastomer in the form of a solid or hollow cylinder or a ring can be used as an elastic element.

In a preferred form of implementation, the elastic element is made with a height that provides in the closed position of the drain device a tight fit of the working surfaces of the thrust collar and the safety plug.

In a preferred embodiment, seats on the surfaces of the lower shutter and the safety plug for contacting the elastic element are provided with seats, for example ring recesses in the form of fillets.

The proposed utility model is illustrated by the drawings, which show: in FIG. 1 - the main view of the drain device of the railway tank in the closed position; in FIG. 2 is a partial view A in FIG. 1 with a horizontal shape of the working surfaces; in FIG. 3 - the same with an inclined shape of the working surfaces.

The drain device of the railway tank is installed in the lower part of the boiler of the tank, contains a housing 1 and three sequentially located shutters - the upper shutter 2, the lower shutter 3 and the intermediate shutter (Fig. 1). The upper, main, shutter 2 is placed inside the boiler of the tank and fixed in the drain hole. The lower shutter 3 is located on the lower end of the housing 1 of the drain device. The intermediate shutter is located above the lower shutter 3.

On the inner side surface of the cylindrical body 1, an annular stop flange 1.1 is made as a limiter for the stroke of the intermediate shutter, at the level of which the body 1 is made with an inner diameter d measured along the inner side surface of the stop flange 1.1. The annular edge in the lower part of the thrust shoulder 1.1 is its working surface 1.1.1. Variants of the execution of the shape of the working surface 1.1.1. In one embodiment, the working surface 1.1.1 is made horizontal, located on the annular edge of the immediately lower surface of the thrust collar 1.1, which does not have an angular bevel (chamfer) (Fig. 2). In another embodiment, the working surface 1.1.1 is made inclined, located along an annular edge on the surface of an angular bevel, made in the lower part of the thrust shoulder 1.1 (Fig. 3).

The intermediate shutter incorporates a safety plug 4, made in the form of a cylinder with a diameter D. The annular edge in the upper part of the safety plug 4 is its working surface 4.1. Variants of the execution of the shape of the working surface 4.1. In one embodiment, the working surface 4.1 is made horizontal, located on the annular edge of the directly upper surface of the safety plug 4, which does not have an angular bevel (chamfer). The horizontal working surface 4.1 is responsive for interfacing with the horizontal working surface 1.1.1 (Fig. 2). In another embodiment, the working surface 4.1 is made inclined, located along an annular edge on the surface of an angular bevel made in the upper part of the safety plug 4. The inclined working surface 4.1 is responsive for interfacing with an inclined working surface 1.1.1 (Fig. 3).

The annular interface between the working surface 4.1 and the working surface 1.1.1 is limited in width to diameters D and d. On the one hand, the width of the indicated annular region should provide, in the closed position of the drain device, a sufficiently wide area of mating and overlapping in the radial direction of the safety plug 4 and the stop collar 1.1; on the other hand, the thrust collar 1.1 should have a minimum protrusion into the internal cavity of the housing 1 of the drain device in order to ensure the maximum possible clearance of the drain pipe. These requirements are met by the excess of the value of diameter D over the value of diameter d by a value of (2 - 4) mm.

The safety plug 4 is made of a polymeric material, for example, rubber, polyurethane, etc.

Between the lower shutter 3 and the safety plug 4, an elastic element 5 is installed, for which a compression spring can be used, or an article made of an elastomer in the form of a solid or hollow cylinder, or a ring. The elastic element 5 is made with a height that provides in the closed position of the drain device a snug fit in the longitudinal direction of the safety plug 4 to the stop shoulder 1.1. For stable basing of the elastic element 5 on the surfaces in contact with this element, namely, on the upper surface of the lower shutter 3 and the lower surface of the safety plug 4, seats are made, for example, annular recesses in the form of fillets.

The proposed drain device operates as follows.

Before unloading the tank, the lower shutter 3 and the upper shutter 2 are opened in series. In the process of opening the lower shutter 3, the intermediate shutter 4 automatically opens. When the lower shutter 3 is pulled down, the elastic element 5 (compression spring or elastomer product) is unclenched, the working surface 4.1 is safety plug 4 comes out of contact with the working surface 1.1.1 of the stop collar 1.1, and then the assembly of the lower shutter 2 and the intermediate shutter, consisting of a safety plug 4 and elastic lementa 5, the housing 1 is removed from the drain device.

Closing the drain device is carried out by sequentially closing the upper shutter 2 and the lower shutter 3. When closing the lower shutter 3 with this shutter with an intermediate shutter installed on it, they lock the bottom 1 of the drain device 1. In this case, the safety plug 4 moves up along the housing 1 until the stop of the working surface 4.1 in the working surface 1.1.1 of the thrust shoulder 1.1. The elastic element 5 is pressed from below by the upper surface of the lower shutter 3. In the closed position of the drain device, these working surfaces are tightly mated, thereby ensuring the tightness of the drain device in the region of the intermediate shutter.

The processes of opening and closing the intermediate shutter are simple, quick operations that reduce the complexity of operating the drain device of the railway tank.

The intermediate shutter of the proposed design, made in the form of a safety plug 4, which is mounted on the lower shutter 3 through an elastic element 5 and in the closed position of the drain device reliably and tightly fits from the bottom to the stop shoulder 1.1, made inside the body 1 of the drain device, is a simple, low-element construction. The manufacture of a safety stopper on which the working surface is made of a polymer material having the properties of elasticity and resilience helps to increase the reliability of said fit. Improving the reliability and density of the specified fit is also achieved due to the proposed ratio of the diameters D and d, as well as due to the implementation of the elastic element 5 with a height that ensures that the drain plug 4 is tightly attached to the stop collar 1.1 in the longitudinal direction in the closed position of the drain device. Due to the chemical resistance of the polymeric material, the safety plug 4 does not come into contact with the liquid load, thereby ensuring the durability of the intermediate shutter. The elasticity properties of the intermediate shutter 4 and the elastic element 5 increase the operational reliability of the tank drainage device under conditions of uneven force loads during transportation of liquid cargo and during its discharge.

Thus, when implementing the utility model, simplification of the design of the drain device of the railway tank in terms of its intermediate shutter is achieved, and the laboriousness of the operation of the drain device is reduced.

Claims (7)

1. A drain device of a railway tank containing a cylindrical body, upper, lower gates and an intermediate gate mounted above the lower gate and made in the form of a safety plug, characterized in that on the inner surface of the cylindrical body there is a stop collar with a working surface along the annular edge of its lower parts, for interfacing with the working surface of the thrust collar in the closed position of the drain device, a slave is made along the annular edge of the upper part of the safety plug Tea surface, the safety plug is made of a polymer material and is positioned above a bottom-gate via an elastic element. 2. A drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that the working surfaces of the thrust shoulder and the safety plug are made horizontal for interfacing. 3. The drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that the working surfaces of the thrust shoulder and the safety plug are made inclined for interfacing. 4. The drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the safety plug exceeds the inner diameter of the cylindrical body at the level of the thrust shoulder by 2-4 mm. 5. A drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that a compression spring or an article made of an elastomer in the form of a solid or hollow cylinder or a ring can be used as an elastic element. 6. The drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic element is made with a height that ensures that in the closed position of the drain device there is a tight coupling of the working surfaces. 7. A drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that on the surfaces of the lower shutter and the safety plug in contact with the elastic element, the seats, for example annular recesses in the form of fillets, are made for basing the elastic element.

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