RU1806311C - Furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: In a furnace with a brick body, there is an exit channel from the furnace and a lower heating channel with lower and elevated sections. These channels are made with dimensions of the passage section of a rectangular shape that are constant over their entire length. The aspect ratio of this section is 40: 7. 2 s.p. f-ly, 7 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction of domestic stoves, and can be used, for example, in the arrangement of a residential building in a garden and summer cottage.

The aim of the present invention is to increase the heat transfer efficiency of the fuel combustion products to the furnace to the furnace by choosing the optimal shape of the cross section of the lower heating channel, as well as making the lower heating channel constant in shape and cross section over the length.

The essence of the invention is as follows.

A brick is used for the laying of household stoves, the length of which is two of its widths plus the clearance for the mortar.

Taking into account the standard dimensions of the brick (250x120x65), and also taking into account the fact that the furnace has the shape of a parallelepiped, at the base of which whole bricks are laid, the possible standard sizes of furnaces in the plan are presented in the textbook.

According to the invention, a furnace design with a plan size of 890x640 mm is provided. Moreover, the volumes of the furnaces, and consequently, the heat output of the known and proposed furnaces are equal to each other. Of two equal-sized figures - a square and a rectangle, the latter has a larger perimeter value, and the larger, the greater the ratio of the larger side to the smaller side. In relation to a furnace, a rectangular channel is preferable to a square one from the point of view of heat transfer efficiency, since the heat transfer of combustion products in smoke channels occurs over a larger area.

According to the invention, there is provided a furnace design in which, taking into account the standard brick sizes, the lowering and lifting sections of the lower heating channel have rectangular sections with absolute values of sides of 400 and 70 mm. . , 175.

Reducing the aspect ratio to a value of 26: 7 leads to a decrease in the heat transfer efficiency, as well as to an increase in the occupied useful area of the living room (to increase the mass and size characteristics of the furnace and the greater expenditure of building materials).

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An increase in the size ratio of one hundred; Riding a rectangle to the nearest value 530: 70 implies the design of a furnace with dimensions in terms of 890x770 mm. The disadvantage is the large occupied useful area and the cost overrun of building materials.

The second significant drawback of this aspect ratio of the smoke channel is a sharp increase in gas-dynamic resistance, since the value is 175. on the graph of the gas-dynamic resistance of the channel. The rectangular shape on the aspect ratio is on an exponential section, while the graph of the dependence of the perimeter of the rectangle on the aspect ratio at given values it is linear.

Thus, when laying a brick kiln, the best option is to make a cross-sectional shape of the smoke channels in the shape of a rectangle with an aspect ratio of 40: 7. The thickness of one row of masonry in furnace construction is assumed to be 70 mm (65 mm is the thickness of the brick and 5 mm is the thickness of the mortar). For this reason, furnace heights are always a multiple of 70 mm.

The lower heating channel contains three sections - lowering, lifting, and the channel connecting them - the undercut section.

According to the invention, all three sections of the lower heating channel are made constant in cross-section with dimensions of 400x70 mm, which reduces the gas-dynamic resistance of the channel and contributes to an increase in the furnace thrust.

The channel connecting the furnace to the first chimney sweeper (hailo) according to the invention also has a section equal to the lower heating channel of the molds, equal to 400x70 mm.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a household oven; in FIG. 2 - section aa; in FIG. 3 - horizontal section-furnace BB; in FIG. 4 is a diagram of the smoke exhaust circuits of the furnace; in FIG. 5 is a table of values of the perimeter of the rectangle depending on the aspect ratio of the rectangle A: B; in FIG. Figure 6 shows a graph of the perimeter of the rectangle versus the aspect ratio of the rectangle A: B using the data from the table; in FIG. 7 also lists drawings 1-33 of each row of the furnace masonry.

 The household oven contains an ash pan with door 1, cleaning 2, and a grate 3 installed in the furnace containing door 4. The furnace is blocked by a stove 5 with the formation of a cooking chamber above it, a closed door of the cooking chamber 6.

The cooking chamber is equipped with an exhaust channel 7. Above the cooking chamber, a samovar 8 is installed, as well as a water heater box 9 and an oven 10. In the upper

parts of the furnace are installed valves of winter 11 and summer 12 moves. To remove soot after cleaning the pipe, use cleaning 13. Before entering the pipe, a central heating system is installed to reduce heat loss.

0 gate valve 14.

. The furnace operates as follows.

Atmospheric air through the ash door 1 enters through the grate 3 into the furnace equipped with door 4, where

5 is heated by burning fuel. Then the hot gases pass under the stove 5 and enter through the outlet channel from the furnace to the lower part of the lower heating channel, in the lower part of which cleaning is installed in the underfloor area 2. Partially cooled, the hot gases go to the region along the lifting section of the lower heating channel installing the summer valve 12. Then, depending on the operating mode of the furnace, or

5 immediately enter the pipe through the open valve of the summer stroke 12 (furnace furnace in the summer way), or they bend around the oven 10 from above, lower them at the back and side of the oven 10, pass the second overturn in the area

0 installation of the samovar 8, after which, through the lifting channel, making a loop-like movement, they pass the winter-gate valve, bypass along the perimeter of the furnace and also go into the pipe through the open

5 central valve 14 (firebox in winter).

The proposed furnace design contains 112 bricks less than the prototype furnace. Given less occupied

0 of the useful area of the room on the laying of the foundation for the stove is also saved up to fifty bricks. With a high heat exchange efficiency, the brick in the gas channels warms up to a higher

5 temperature, which increases the heat capacity of the furnace.

Taking into account the mass construction of houses in summer cottages (up to two million a year), as well as modern prices for the purchase and transportation of building materials to summer cottages, the economic effect of the implementation of this invention amounts to several tens of millions of rubles. To date on

In the territory of the former USSR, there are more than 25 million furnaces that are in disrepair due to the limitation of construction. For this furnace design, a special 540x430 mm plate is required.