SU79721A1 - Continuous heating furnace - Google Patents

Description

The currently used room heating furnaces are batch heating devices of high or medium heat capacity. This circumstance determines the overall dimensions of the furnaces, which, in addition to the inconvenience associated with their location in heated premises, causes a significant increase in the cost of building construction due to the cost of the device itself, as well as the need to reinforce interfloor structures or special bases under the furnace.

The efficiency of room furnaces, when operating under normal conditions, is extremely low and amounts to no more than 30-40%. The large dimensions and weight of the furnaces exclude the possibility of their factory production and delivery in finished form to construction objects, and the absence of cheap refractory and sufficiently strong materials suitable for the manufacture of individual furnace elements makes it difficult to organize the production of prefabricated heating furnaces from standard elements.

In order to reduce the cost of furnace design and improve the conditions of the exploit41

Svol. Release, Part I, 1950

The TI offers a new-type room furnace, which is a continuous heating device with a slow process of burning fuel. The design of the stove firebox provides for the possibility of burning coal in it, as well as firewood, peat, and wood waste of high humidity, since it is equipped with a tailless shaft firebox of lower combustion. The presence of a hermetic furnace headset allows the possibility of maintaining a delayed process of burning fuel, as well as long breaks in the furnace without re-igniting it.

The application of the principle of continuity of the furnace provides the possibility of obtaining the highest temperatures allowed by hygienic standards on the external surface of the furnace, namely 80-EO С, which increases the heat transfer from the furnace surface compared to the heat output of large and medium heat capacity furnaces with periodic heating them once or twice day. Thus, with equal hourly heat dissipation, the continuous burning furnace will have a heating surface & less than 641

shuya than the furnace of a periodic dei; twi. In addition, with continuous burning of the furnace, the hourly consumption of fuel burned in the drink (and hence the volume of combustion products) will be less than in a large, heat capacity of the periodic action at the same heat transfer; As a result, in the continuous combustion furnaces, the cross sections of all gas ducts can be reduced accordingly. Thus, the use of the continuous burning furnace technique allows a drastic reduction in the size of the heating furnaces and the cost of their device.

FIG. I - image of the proposed furnace front; in fig. 2 - vertical section of the furnace; in fig. 3 cross sections of the furnace in different planes.

The furnace consists of an internal shaft furnace 2 located at the full height of the furnace, and three smoke channels, of which one 4 is lifting and the other 3 are drain.

In the upper part of the fuel shaft there is a loading opening 7, and in the lower part there is an ash door 5 and a heating door 5 with a hermetic valve for controlling the entry of air into the furnace and a mica eye to observe the combustion process.

The fuel shaft in its lower part has special slopes in the form of an nt cylindrical vault, arranged in such a way that the strongest narrowing of the shaft occurs at the height of the inlet, below which the fuel shaft goes to ash. The idea of this design is to avoid the formation of slag by the rapid gasification of the fuel.

For these considerations, the combustion of fuel in the proposed construction of the firebox is limited to a very small space and does not occur on the grate, but only on the surface of the roof formed by the hot fuel itself, thus eliminating the possibility of coal sintering.

At the height of the loading opening, the top mine is connected to a multi-flow duct by means of an opening 8, which serves to divert the water vapor formed in: the mine, during the drying process, the fuel in it. The products of fuel combustion enter the furnace's ascending duct through an opening located in the lower part of the fuel shaft, and through it rise to the top of the furnace and in the space formed by stopping the furnace and stopping the fuel shaft, go into two drain channels, which are diverted into the smoke pipe through the hole located at the bottom of the furnace.

In the case of operation of the furnace with insufficient air intake, the products of incomplete combustion and the generator gas also flow into the lifting duct, which in this Case serves as the afterburner, and for this purpose through the duct system 9 located in. an array of firebox nozzles, heated secondary air is supplied.

Continuous burning furnace can

to be a composite structure of ready-made standard elements (plates) 25-30 mm thick, prepared from special heat-resistant Miaccbi or a gasket of the same mass along a metal frame.

The required surface of the continuous furnace is determined by the maximum hour heat loss of the room. From the rest of the furnace elements, if necessary, their dimensions are to be calculated: the capacity of the fuel shaft, the cross-sectional area of the blower aperture, as well as the dimensions of the sections of the lifting and descending furnace ducts. These elements are calculated according to generally accepted standards, and it is only necessary to take into account that the presence of a shaft combustion chamber equipped with a perfect combustion furnace of hermetic action allows, according to the author, to reduce the excess air ratio: from 2 to 1.25.

In the case of the gas velocity of less than 0.2 m / s in the descending channels of the furnace, it is necessary to foresee, in order to improve: the coefficient of heat absorption, the air. the possibility of artificial turbulence of gases by arranging special inclined plane guides in the lowering ducts.

In order to industrialize the production of kiln works, a method of factory-made kilns is recommended by assembling from stoves made from special refractory Miaccbi. Of these plates, both the external surface of the furnace and its internal lining are constituted. Finished furnace elements

FIG. one

W

after molding and drying, they are joined (glued together) between a solid B solid monolithic structure.

subject matter

A continuous furnace with a shaft furnace, characterized in that the mine firebox has in its lower part above the ashpit (below the outlet to the channel) a narrowing with inclined slopes, designed to form and maintain a roof of a layer of burning fuel.

FIG. 2

4i

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