RU1791673C - Method for processing and annihilation of slime when cleaning residual oil in separators - Google Patents

Abstract

SUBSTANCE: dispersing-stabilizing or multifunctional additive is introduced into the sludge tank filled up to 30% of its volume. The resulting mixture is heated to 90-100 ° C and pumped by a regular pump into the boiler fuel supply tank, pre-filled with heated fuel oil in an amount exceeding 5-10 times the amount of sludge. The mixture with fuel oil is passed 1-2 times through the module dispersant with the addition of 10-20% fresh water. The resulting water-fuel emulsion is fed through a standard system to the furnace of an auxiliary steam boiler. 1 tablet, 1 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to the ecology and operation of marine power plants.

In marine power plants (diesel engines and auxiliary steam boilers), 20–40 m fuel oil is used daily, often with a high content of asphaltenes, carbenes and carbides (up to 10–18%), high coking properties (up to 14–22%) and insufficient stability.

In order to prevent fast pollution of fuel filters, coking of nozzles of nozzles of nozzles, deterioration of operating parameters, failure of parts of fuel equipment and other components of boilers and especially diesel engines, fuel oil is subjected to single-stage or two-stage cleaning in self-discharging fuel separators. The coefficient of sludge separation of these fuel oils reaches 1.5-5%, i.e. 300-2000 kg of sludge is discharged daily in the separators, discharged into regular (provided by the vessel's design) tanks for collecting sludge with a capacity of 0.1-1.0 m3. This sludge is then pumped into the marine environment, causing significant harm to it, especially in areas of heavy shipping. In recent years, in the USSR and abroad, one of two measures has been used to reduce the fuel sludge removal coefficient:

1) the introduction of dispersing-stabilizing or polyfunctional additives in stock tanks or slop tanks of fuel oil;

2) installation of homogenizers of fuel oil in the pipeline for its supply to a diesel engine or boiler, which makes it possible to limit one-stage sl

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indirect separation for cleaning fuel oil from unbound sea and fresh water, catalytic dust, sand, and rust.

However, these measures have drawbacks.

First of all, they do not completely eliminate the sludge separation of fuel oil, but only reduce its coefficient by 3-4 times, i.e. to 100-500 kg / day. Thus, the need to eliminate sludge remains. In addition, the combustible part of the fuel oil is lost, since 97-99% of the sludge consists of organics (paraffin-naphthenic and aromatic hydrocarbons, resins, asphaltenes, carbenes and carboids).

In world practice, methods for burning sludge in auxiliary steam boilers are not known, which leads to the need to allocate a special tank (in addition to the standard ones) for dumping and storing sludge, the minimum capacity of which depends on the presence of a homogenizer, daily consumption of fuel oil, and the duration of the vessel’s sailing between those ports where shore points should be organized for the collection and disposal of sludge. According to estimates, the minimum capacity of special tanks should be 35-100 m.

In turn, this leads to a decrease in the autonomy of the vessel’s navigation in fuel reserves by 1.0-3.5 days .; the complexity of the technical equipment of a special slurry tank and a system for delivering sludge to the shore; The need to create landfall sites for receiving and destroying sludge. The object of the invention is to prevent pollution of the marine environment by sludge and to obtain fuel economy on board.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of processing and destroying sludge generated during the cleaning of fuel oil in separators by burning it in the furnace of a ship's boiler plant as part of a water-fuel emulsion, a dispersant-stabilizing or multifunctional fuel additive is introduced into the sludge, then it is heated to 90- 100 ° C and mixed in a ratio of 1: 5 - 1:10 with heated fuel oil, the resulting mixture is passed 1-2 times through a dispersing module with the addition of 10-20% fresh water.

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a plant for the processing and disposal of sludge.

It consists of a standard tank for collecting sludge 1, a strainer coarse 2, a regular or additional pump for transferring sludge 3, a filter ton

cleaning 4, a standard supply tank of boiler fuel 5 and a dispersant module.

The method is carried out as follows.

A dispersing stabilizing additive is introduced into the sludge tank 1. In the slam tank the sludge is heated with an additive to a temperature

10 providing a slurry viscosity in the range of 700-1200 mm / s, sufficient for pump 3 to transfer it to the boiler fuel supply tank 5. A mixture is prepared in the consumption tank from the calculation of 5-10

15 parts of fuel for 1 part of sludge, depending on the type of fuel. For example, for imported 1FO 40 fuel oil, the slurry concentration in the mixture should be about 10%.

In order to intensify combustion, an additional 10-20% of fresh water from the total volume of the mixture is introduced into the discharge tank, after which the mixture is passed through dispersant 6 to create a finely dispersed water-fuel emulsion.

25 The prepared water-fuel emulsion from the supply tank through the heater is directed to the boiler nozzle. The heating temperature in front of the nozzle must ensure the viscosity of the fuel in

30 limits 15-27 mm2 / s (cSt).

The table shows examples of the implementation of the method of disposal of sludge in steam boilers of vessels of the fleet of the fishing industry,

35 As fuel, imported fuel oil 1FO 40 was used. Sludge-fuel oil mixtures depending on the sludge content corresponded to fuel oils 1FO 180 at 16.7% sludge and 1FO 100 at 10% sludge, Minimum

40, the temperature of heating the fuel in front of the nozzles was 93 and 84 °, respectively, with a maximum injection viscosity of 27 mm2 / s.

Thus, this method 45 prevents the contamination of seawater with sludge and provides fuel economy.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 50 A method for processing and destroying sludge generated during the cleaning of fuel oil in separators by burning it in the furnace of a ship's boiler plant as part of a water-fuel emulsion is distinguished by the fact that, in order to prevent environmental pollution and to save fuel on board the vessel, a dispersant-stabilizing or multifunctional fuel additive is introduced into the sludge, then heated to 90-100 ° C and mixed in a ratio of 1: 5-1: 10 with heated fuel oil, the resulting mixture is passed 1-2 times through a dispersant module with the addition of 10-20% fresh water.