RU1787839C - Part wear measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: transport engineering, namely; in devices for testing brake devices, can be used to measure the wear of rotating parts. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: comprises a linear wear sensor 1, a rotating part 2, a friction lining 3, optical fibers 4, a light source 5, a screen 6 optical fibers 7, a photoconverter 8, an amplifier 9, a VRC circuit 10, indicators 11. 5-6- 3-1 -7-8-9-11. 1 ill.

Description

The invention relates to transport engineering, namely, devices for testing brake devices and can be used to measure the wear of rotating parts,

Contactless devices for transmitting and processing information from rotating parts are known, based on radio telemetric measurement methods.

However, these devices have a number of disadvantages: they require the location of rotating parts of the measuring equipment, including active elements with primary measuring transducers, which leads to a complication of the equipment and, consequently, to a decrease in reliability, as well as to a decrease in the noise immunity of the measuring devices.

The most widely used non-contact intermediate reactors of the reactive type: capacitive and inductive. Capacitive type transmitters have a limited measurement range. In addition, all methods of transmitting and processing signals from rotating parts using reactive non-contact intermediate converters have low measurement accuracy, since the transmitted signal, in addition to the fields of the (informative) component, also contains an uninformative component due to changes in the parameters of the primary and intermediate converters .

Known devices for reading information from punch cards, a device containing a guide, a photoelectric sensor, two optical fibers, one of whose ends are connected together, and the others are spaced apart from each other, a linear optical fiber and a radiation source. And a device containing a rotating disk with holes mi, input optical fibers with radiation sources, and output optical fibers. The ends of both optical fibers are located in the plane of rotation of the disk, the input ends of the first optical fiber are connected together and installed opposite the radiation source, the output ends of the second optical fiber are opposite the photodetectors.

These devices cannot be used to measure the wear of rotating parts for the following reasons:

The information carrier in these devices is a part with holes (card or disk) and it is practically impossible to use this principle when measuring the wear of parts, since with a small range of wear the hole size will be comparable with the pitch of their location, i.e. all openings will be a continuous cut and, therefore, the principle of discrete measurements will no longer be realized; with a large thickness of the measured part, it is technologically difficult to make holes and illuminate them;

when a part beats exceeding the transverse size of the fiber, the device will be inoperative, since the fibers should be located at a close distance from the corresponding holes due to the divergence angle and during beating

5, the correspondence between the hole and the light guide is broken.

Closest to the invention ow -. a friction pad wear measuring device comprising a sensor

0 linear wear, made in the form of a block of optical fibers, the input and output ends of which are connected together and installed in a plane parallel to the plane of the normal section of the friction lining and

5 instrument that measures the constant component of the signal proportional to the amount of wear.

However, this device cannot be used to measure and wear rotating parts, since its design is made on a fixed part, and when such a design is performed on a rotating part, the transparency of the medium and the speed of rotation of the part will affect the measurement result, since photoconverters record the integral flux from the pulses of the light source radiation, which in turn depends on the duration of the recording, except

Moreover, the accuracy of the measurements will be affected by the mixing of the optical axes of the optical fibers due to the manufacturing technology of the sensor.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the field of use by measuring the wear of a rotating part.

This goal is achieved in that in a device containing a linear wear sensor, which is control fibers located in the plane of the normal section of the part, one end of which is connected and all ends are brought to the surface of the part, and in the middle part of the control fibers are located under

5 by a controllable surface, one below the other parallel to it and to each other, a light source mounted opposite the connected ends of the control fibers, and photodetectors connected optically to other ends of the control fibers.

between the light source, photodetectors and optical fibers, a screen with additional optical fibers is installed, through one of which the light source is optically connected to the connected ends of the optical fibers, and through other photodetectors connected to other ends of the control optical fibers, a screen with an additional fiber is installed between the light source, photodetectors and optical fibers optical fibers, through one of which the light source is optically connected to the connected ends of the optical fibers, and through other photodetectors connected to the other ends of the control lights odes that are spaced from each other at a distance determined from the ratio

 ,, where R is the radius of the light spot:

L is the distance between the screen and the ends of the optical fibers;

GVi is the angle of divergence of the radiation.

The goal is achieved in that the device for measuring the wear of rotating parts, made in the form of a set of optical fibers installed in the plane of wear of the rotating parts, does not contain dummy elements of the measuring circuit, the spatial arrangement of the output ends of the sensor allows you to convert the amount of wear into a logical combination of binary signals, which eliminates the influence of a non-informative component (pimekh) on the measurement result, and the peak detectors at the output of the amplifier block allow excluding the effect on the result tat measuring registration duration, and, consequently, varying the rotational speed and misalignment of optical axes of the corresponding light guides.

The drawing shows a device for measuring and monitoring the wear of rotating parts.

The linear wear sensor 1 is made in the form of a set of optical fibers parallel to the wear plane in the channel of the rotating part 2, opposite which a movable friction pad 3 is installed. The input ends of the sensor 1 are connected together and installed at the level of the output end of the fiber 4 from the light source 5, which can serve for example a laser

The output end of the optical fiber 4 is located on the fixed screen b at one distance from the axis of rotation 00 with the input ends of the optical fibers of the linear wear sensor 1. The output ends of the optical fibers of the sensor 1 are spaced along the radial line

0

5

along the plane of the rotating part 2 at a distance h from each other.

The distance between the optical fibers h is determined from the condition for the exclusion of mutual illumination

 Oh, where R is the radius of the light spot;

L is the distance between the ends of the optical fibers;

© h is the angle of radiation divergence, determined by the formula 6b arcsln Vn - n2

where pt and p2 are the refractive indices of the fiber core and sheath, respectively.

The input ends of the optical fibers 7 are located on the fixed screen 6 at the same equal distance from the axis of rotation 00 as the output ends of the optical fibers of the sensor 1. The output ends of the receiving optical fibers 7 are installed opposite the photoconverters 8, which convert the light flux into electric current pulses. Electric current on

5, the output of the photoconverter is amplified by the amplifier unit 9, the VRC circuit 10 at the amplifier outputs serves to store the amplitude of the output current pulse. The outputs of the peak detector unit 10 are connected to the inputs of the logic circuit with an indicator 11, which converts the logical combination corresponding to a certain amount of wear to digital the code.

The device operates as follows.

When rotating the part 2 once during the rotation period, the output ends of the linear wear sensor 1 coincide with the input ends of the receiving optical fibers 7 and the luminous flux from the source 5 through the optical fibers of the sensor 1 is transmitted through the receiving optical fibers 7 to the converters 8, where they are converted into a photoconferen then to the amplifier unit 9 and is converted to a constant

5 voltage in the peak detector unit 10. V

the result at the outputs of the peak detectors 10

there is a high voltage level,

corresponding to a logical unit.

In the process of operation of the brake device, the friction lining 3 clamps the rotating part 2, as a result of which the surface of the parts 2, 3 is worn out, which leads to the grinding of the optical fibers of the sensor 1.

5, the light guide is not received by the converter 8; therefore, there is no output signal at the output of the corresponding amplifier 9 and the peak detector 10. Thus, when working at the outputs of peak-det0

5

0

tori 10, a logical combination of ones and zeros is formed, which is fed to the input of logic circuit 11. where it is converted into a digital code corresponding to the wear rate of part 2.

The introduction of a device for measuring and controlling the wear of rotating parts as part of automated systems for scientific research of components and assemblies of transport vehicles shortens the life of the test by eliminating the disassembly and assembly of components and assemblies, and, consequently, reduces the development time of new designs of transport vehicles ... .-. Formula A device for measuring the wear of a part, comprising a linear wear sensor, which is control fibers located in the part in the plane of its normal section, one ends of which are connected and all ends are brought out on the surface of the part, and in the middle part, the control fibers are located under the controlled surface parallel to it and parallel to each other, one below the other, a light source installed opposite the first ends of the control fibers, and

photodetectors coupled optically to other ends of the control fibers, characterized in that, in order to expand the field of use by measuring wear of the rotating part.

between the light source and photodetectors and optical fibers there is a screen with additional optical fibers, through one of which the light source is connected optically to one end of the first optical fibers, and through

others, photodetectors are connected to the other ends of the first optical fibers, which are spaced apart from each other by a distance h, determined from the ratio 6U,

where R is the radius of the light spot;

L is the distance between the screen and the ends of the optical fibers;

Fg is the angle of divergence of the radiation.