RU177060U1 - Pendulum ship indicator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to aeronautical engineering, mainly to naval aviation, and can be used to provide a visual approach to the landing of a helicopter at a ship's take-off and landing site (runway) day and night, with airborne and keel pitching, in simple and difficult weather conditions. The technical result is achieved. the fact that three groups of optical light emitters based on superbright LEDs of the same color, with the help of which three light beams with aperture angles in the horizontal plane of γ degrees are formed left and right the middle and γ degrees are average and everything with an aperture angle α in the vertical plane and a range of visibility Lkm at night are structurally combined into a single block of lights for the heading indicator of the BOIC. Two identical blocks of lights of the heading indicator of the BOIC are installed in the Ick, shifted relative to each other in the horizontal plane by the heading angle, equal to ϕ deg, and each is set at an angle β to the horizontal plane equal to the angle of the helicopter descent trajectory — the glide path angle when the helicopter approaches the landing. To fix the pendulum in its initial position, a di The station-controlled pendulum lock and mounting bolts are installed on the lower power panel to install the IKMK on the foundation, rather than hanging it from it.

Description

The utility model relates to aeronautical engineering, mainly naval aviation, and can be used to provide a visual approach to helicopter landing on runways on the runways in difficult weather conditions day and night.

A known course indicator pendulum ship (IKMK) NKUG.462519.001, a design sketch of which is shown in FIG. one.

The main elements of the ICMK are the body (pos. 1), the pendulum (pos. 2) and the gimbal (pos. 3).

The pendulum is a suspended mounting frame (pos. 2.1), which is attached to the gimbal (pos. 3). A block of heading indicator lights is installed inside this frame (item 2.2).

The housing of the IKMK consists of a welded frame (pos. 1.1), light panels that are mounted in the left, rear and right planes of the frame, and upper and lower power panels that are attached to the frame in its upper plane and, respectively, in the lower one.

Mounting bolts (pos. 4) are placed on the upper power panel (pos. 1.1) and a gimbal suspension (pos. 3) is attached to it from below, and a pendulum (pos. 2) consisting of a suspended mounting frame (pos. 2.1) is attached to it. ) and the block of indicator lights BOIK courses (item 2.2).

The gimbal is a cross, one of the axes of which is fixed in the bearings of the bearing housing of the gimbal, and the mounting frame is suspended on the bearings on the second axis (pos. 2.1). BOIK is installed inside the pendant mounting frame (pos. 2.1) with its face directed to the front panel of heavy-duty glass (Fig. 1, pos. 5).

The block of lights of the BOIK heading indicator (pos. 2.2) consists of a frame (pos. 2.2.1) and three light blocks (pos. 2.2,2, 2.2.3, 2.2.4), which are placed vertically one after another in this frame.

Structurally, all the light blocks are made according to one scheme: to the circuit boards 2.2.2.1, 2.2.3.1, 2.2.4.1 of the light blocks 1 (pos. 2.2.2) and 2 (pos. 2.2.3) and 3 (pos. 2.2. 4) two groups are mounted (the first at the top pos., 2.2.2.2, 2.2.3.2 and 2.2.4.2 and the second below the positions 2.2.2.3, 2.2.3.3, 2.2.4.3) of optical light emitters (AIS) based on superbright LEDs ( SSD). In all light blocks installed OSI of the same color, such as blue. The AIS of the first and third light blocks have the same aperture angles equal to γ _1.3 = 5 degrees in the horizontal and α = 6.1 degrees in the vertical planes.

In light unit 2 (pos. 2.2.3), AISs are installed with aperture angles γ ₂ = 10 degrees in the horizontal and α = 6.1 degrees in the vertical planes. On the boards in the light blocks, the SSDs are installed in such a way that the light rays formed with their help have the same opening angles as those installed in these blocks.

In each group of AXLs, in the light blocks, an AXL is set in an amount sufficient to provide a given visibility range, for example, equal to L = 3 km.

As shown in FIG. 2, front view, the AIS of the first groups are installed perpendicular to the mounting plates of the light blocks, and the second using special wedges (pos. 2.2.2.4, 2.2.3.4, 2.2.4.4) - at an angle ϕ = 10 ° equal to the given heading angle of the helicopter for landing.

Light blocks 1, 2, 3 (pos. 2.2.2, 2.2.3, pos. 2.2.4) have rotation axes. By turning around their axes, these blocks are installed and fixed using fixation units (pos. 2.2.5, 2.2.6 and 2.2.7) so that the adjacent light beams of the blocks touch each other tangentially, as shown in FIG. 3B.

BOIK has its own axis of rotation, which is mounted in a suspended mounting frame of the pendulum. BOIK (pos. 2.2) is installed and fixed using the fixation unit for the angular position of the BOIK (pos. 2.2.8) so that the angle of the optical axis of the central light unit 2 (pos. 2.2.3) is equal to the angle of inclination of the glide path of the helicopter landing.

The light blocks installed in accordance with the method described above and the BOIK as a whole make it possible to form two light fluxes (positions 7 and 8 in Fig. 1), one of which is directed to the front plane of the IKMK, and the second - at an angle to it, for example, at an angle of 10 hail, as in the prototype.

In IKMK the classical scheme of a pendulum suspension is applied. When the body is swinging, the pendulum will swing. During the trips of the ships on which the IKMK are installed, pitching is present almost constantly. With a large pitching, helicopter flights are not performed and, therefore, IKMK is not used. In this case, the pendulum should be fixed. In the prototype under consideration, the pendulum is fixed using the locking mechanism (pos. 6) in the form of a bolt with a thread on it and in the lower power board, which is screwed into the pendulum until it stops.

IKMK works as follows. Electric power is supplied to the IKMK and, depending on the course angle of approach of the helicopter, the left group (pos. 7) or the right group (pos. 8) is turned on, with the help of which the first or second light streams are formed.

The disadvantages of the well-known ICMC include: the great complexity of manufacturing BOIK, the impossibility of using the redundancy of optical light emitters, which is embedded in the design of light blocks in the event of failure of one of the groups of optical light emitters, the difficulty of performing the operation of fixing the BOIK under operating conditions and the distortion of the direction of the rays of the second light flux in space with the adopted scheme for installing wedges on the circuit boards of light blocks.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the above indicator.

The technical and economic effect of the utility ICMK model is to increase operational characteristics and reduce the complexity of its manufacture.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to increase the reliability of the IMSC due to the introduction of two identical BOIKs, each of which includes light blocks, with which it is possible to form one light stream. The luminous flux of one of the BOIK is directed to the front panel of the IKMK, and the second - at an angle to it in accordance with the given course of the helicopter landing approach, the introduction of a remotely controlled mechanism for fixing the pendulum in the initial position.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in IKMK,

containing:

• indicator case;

• right, left, back light panels, upper and lower power panels that are attached to the frame;

• front panel based on heavy-duty glass, mounted in the frame;

• gimbal, which is attached to the upper power panel;

• pendulum, which consists of:

ο pendant mounting frame, which is attached to the gimbal from below,

ο the block of lights of the BOIK course indicator, which is built into the pendant mounting frame, consisting of the BOIK frame and the first left, second central and third right light blocks of optical light emitters based on superbright LEDs of the same color, with which the formation of the first and second light fluxes with visibility range ₁ km L day and L ₂ kilometers at night, each of which has three (first, second and third) light beams, the first of which the left - beam generated by optical light emitters of the first left light unit, the second central one is the beam formed by the optical light emitters of the second central light unit, the right one is the beam formed by the optical light emitters of the third light unit, and the first and third beams and their corresponding optical light emitters have opening angles of α degrees vertical plane and γ _1.3 degrees - in the horizontal, and the second beam and the corresponding optical light emitters - α degrees in the vertical plane and ₂ degrees γ - in horiz ntal, and the optical axes of the second central light beam of the first and second light streams are directed at an angle β to the horizontal and the first stream is directed directly to the front panel of the IKMK, and the second one is directed at the directional angle ϕ to it, and there are nodes for fixing the angular position in the horizontal the plane of the first and third light blocks relative to the first light block so that the total aperture angle of each light flux in the horizontal plane is equal to the sum of the aperture angles of their light rays in the horizontal plane, and fixing the angular position BOIK generally suspended in pendulum mounting frame;

• mechanism for fixing the pendulum in the initial vertical position;

• bolted connections for mounting the indicator;

characterized in that

- the pendulum is made in the form of a suspended mounting frame, inside of which the upper and lower shelves are horizontally mounted, on which two BOIK upper and lower are installed;

- BOIK is made in the form of a welded housing with a base in which the first, second and third light blocks are installed with the number of optical light emitters in each, sufficient to form the first, second and third rays of one light stream, while the light blocks are installed so that the optical the axis of the second beam was parallel to the base of the BOIC and the total aperture angle of the rays in the horizontal plane was equal to the sum of the aperture angles of each ray in the same plane,

- wedges are introduced into the pendulum for installing the BOIK on the shelves at an angle β to the horizontal and one of them is installed along the axis perpendicular to the front plane of the ICMK, and the second at the directional angle ϕ to the first;

 - the pendulum fixation mechanism is made in the form of a remotely controlled electromechanical device;

- the front plane of the housing ikmk is divided into lower and upper parts, each of which is built ultra-strong glass having anti-reflective coating,

- bolted connections for mounting the indicator are installed on the lower power panel for installation on the foundation.

Comparison of the proposed solution with the known technical solution shows that it has a new set of essential features that, together with the known features, can successfully achieve the goal.

The following figures show:

in FIG. 1 is a sketch of the design of the prototype indicator of the course of the pendulum ship ICMK,

in FIG. 2 is a diagram of an arrangement of optical light emitters in light blocks;

in FIG. 3 - geometry of the light flux in the vertical plane, side view - Fig 3A and front view - Fig. 3B,

in FIG. 4 is a sketch of the design of the proposed indicator ship pendulum courses - ICMK,

in FIG. 5 is a design of a block of lights indicator indicator course BOIK.

Designations for figures

The following notation is used in the figures:

1. Indicator housing

1.1. Lower power panel

1.2. Power panel top

2. The pendulum

2.1. Pendulum pendant mounting frame

2.2. Heading Indicator Lights - BOIK

2.2c. The block of lights indicator indicator course BOIK (top)

2.2n. Block of indicator lights BOIK courses (lower)

2.2 on Top shelf

2.2np. Bottom shelf

2.2.1. Frame BOIK

2.2.2. Light block 1

2.2.2.1. Light block circuit board 1

2.2.2.2. Optical light emitters for beam forming 1 light flux 1

2.2.2.3. Optical light emitters for beam forming 1 light stream 2

2.2.2.4. Wedge for installing optical light emitters 2.2.2.3 at an angle β

2.2.3. Light block 2

2.2.3.1. Light block circuit board 2

2.2.3.2. Optical light emitters for beam forming 2 light flux 1

2.2.3.3. Optical light emitters for beam forming 2 light flux 2

2.2.3.4. Wedge for installing optical light emitters 2.2.3.3 at an angle β

2.2.4. Light block 3

2.2.4.1. Light block circuit board 3

2.2.4.2. Optical light emitters for beam forming 3 light flux 1

2.2.3.3. Optical light emitters for beam forming 3 light flux 2

2.2.4.4. Wedge for installing optical light emitters 2.2.4.3 at an angle β

2.2.5. The fixation unit of the angular position of the light unit 1 in the frame BOIK (2.2.1)

2.2.6. The fixation unit of the angular position of the light block 2 in the frame BOIK (2.2.1)

2.2.7. The unit for fixing the angular position of the light block 3 in the frame BOIK (2.2.1)

2.2.8. The unit for fixing the angular position of the BOIK (2.2) in the movable mounting frame (2.1)

2.2.9c. Wedge installation top

2.2.9n Wedge installation lower

2.2.10. BOIC Foundation

3. Gimbal

4. Fixing bolts

5. Front panel made of heavy-duty glass

5c. Heavy duty glass front panel top

5n Heavy-duty glass front panel bottom

6. The mechanism of fixation of the pendulum (2) in the initial position

7. Optical light emitters of a light stream 1

8. Optical light emitters of a light stream 2.

9. Cross bar

The design scheme of the IMSC is similar to the prototype scheme and is explained by sketches. Its main elements are the indicator housing (pos. 1), the pendulum (pos. 2), the gimbal (pos. 3).

The pendulum consists of a suspended mounting frame of the pendulum (pos. 2.1), made in the form of a closed frame with two horizontally mounted shelves: upper (pos. 2.2vp) and lower (pos. 2.2np).

On the shelves, at an angle β to the horizon, the upper BOIC (pos. 2.2c) is installed using the upper installation wedge (pos. 2.2.9c) and the lower BOIC (pos. 2.2n) using the lower installation wedge (pos. 2.2.9n). In this case, one of the BOIK, for example, the lower one (pos. 2.2n), is installed with the front panel parallel to the front plane of the IKMK case, and the second (pos. 2.2c) at an angle ϕ to the first in the horizontal plane.

BOIK is a prefabricated structure consisting of a welded body (pos. 2.2.1 in Fig. 5) and a base (pos. 2.2.10). In the welded case (2.2.1), light blocks 1 (pos. 2.2.2), 2 (pos. 2.2.3) and 3 (pos. 2.2.4) are installed on the basis of the AIS in an amount sufficient to form one three-beam light flux , and not two (pos. 7 and 8 in Fig. 1), as in the prototype.

The central light unit 2 (pos. 2.2.3 of Fig. 5) is installed in the BOIK front panel parallel to its front plane. Adjustment (adjustment) of the position of the LED blocks (pos. 2.2.2 and 2.2.4 of Fig. 5), located to the left and to the right of the central light block (pos. 2.2.3), relative to block 2 (pos. 2.2.3) is performed using nodes for fixing the angular positions of light blocks, i.e. using BOIK means during assembly of the product, which subsequently significantly reduces the complexity of manufacturing and debugging ICMK as a whole.

In the proposed IKMK fasteners are located on the lower power panel, which allows you to install IKMK on the foundation, and not under it, as in the prototype. If necessary, shock absorbers can be installed on the housing of the IKMK for its vibration protection in operating conditions. At the same time, shock absorbers are installed under the lower power panel and on the rear wall of the housing at the top.

IKMK works as follows.

The power supply is supplied to the IKMK and, depending on the course angle of approach of the helicopter, the upper (pos. 2.2c, Fig. 4) or lower (pos. 2.2n of Fig. 4) BOIK is switched on. When approaching, the pilot is guided by the lights that he perceives while in the range of the indicator light rays shown in FIG. 3.

In case of failure of one of the BOIK, the approach may be provided with the help of another BOIK.

Upon termination of operation, the IKMK is brought to its initial position by issuing a command to the remotely controlled mechanism for fixing the pendulum in its original position (pos. 6 of Fig. 4) and turning off the power.

An advantage of the invention is to increase the reliability of the IMSC due to the introduction of two identical BOICs, to reduce the complexity of manufacturing and debugging (adjustment) BOIK, to significantly reduce the service time of IKMS due to the use of the remotely controlled locking mechanism of the IKMK pendulum, to increase the service life of the IKMK pendulum in operating conditions by using the mechanism of its fixation.

The technical and economic effect of the utility model is to increase the technical and operational characteristics of the product.

Claims (17)

Course indicator pendulum ship (ICMK), containing:  - indicator housing;  - right, left, back light panels, upper and lower power panels that are attached to the frame;  - a front panel based on heavy-duty glass installed in the frame;  - gimbal, which is attached to the upper power panel;  - a pendulum that consists of:  - a suspended mounting frame that is attached to the gimbal from below, - the block of lights of the BOIK course indicator, which is built into the pendant mounting frame, consisting of the BOIK frame and the first left, second central and third right light blocks of optical light emitters based on superbright LEDs of the same color, with which the formation of the first and second luminous fluxes with a range of visibility of L ₁ km during the day and L ₂ km at night, each of which consists of three (first, second and third) light rays, the first of which is the left - a beam formed by optical light emitters of the first left light unit, the second central one is the beam formed by the optical light emitters of the second central light unit, the right one is the beam formed by the optical light emitters of the third light unit, and the first and third beams and their corresponding optical light emitters have opening angles of α degrees vertical plane and γ ₁ degrees in the horizontal, and the second beam and its corresponding optical light emitters - α degrees in the vertical plane and γ ₂ degrees in the horizontal total, and the optical axes of the second central light beam of the first and second light fluxes are directed at an angle β to the horizontal and the first flux is directed directly to the front panel of the IMSC, and the second one is directed at the directional angle ϕ to it, and there are nodes for fixing the angular position in the horizontal the plane of the first and third light blocks relative to the first light block so that the total aperture angle of each light flux in the horizontal plane is equal to the sum of the aperture angles of their light rays in the horizontal plane, and the node iksatsii BOIK angular position overall in the suspension mounting frame of the pendulum; - the mechanism of fixation of the pendulum in the initial vertical position; - bolted connections for mounting the indicator, characterized in that: - the pendulum is made in the form of a suspended mounting frame, inside of which the upper and lower shelves are horizontally mounted, on which two BOIK are installed - the upper and lower, - BOIK is made in the form of a welded housing with a base in which the first, second and third light blocks are installed with the number of optical light emitters in each, sufficient to form the first, second and third rays of one light stream, while the light blocks are installed so that the optical the axis of the second beam was parallel to the base of the BOIC and the total aperture angle of the rays in the horizontal plane was equal to the sum of the aperture angles of each ray in the same plane, - wedges are introduced into the pendulum for installing the BOIK on the shelves at an angle β to the horizontal and one of them is installed along the axis perpendicular to the front plane of the ICMK, and the second at the directional angle ϕ to the first, - the mechanism of fixation of the pendulum is made in the form of a remotely controlled electromechanical device, - the front plane of the housing ikmk is divided into lower and upper parts, each of which is built ultra-strong glass having anti-reflective coating, - bolted connections for mounting the indicator are installed on the lower power panel for installation on the foundation.

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