RU176652U1 - EYE ACCOMMODATION SIMULATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to ophthalmology, in particular, to devices for training the muscles responsible for accommodating the lens, relieving eye fatigue and correcting visual defects with the help of moving light stimuli. accommodation of the eyes by discrete sequential presentation of characters at a fixed distance from the eye with the ability to change the speed of switching stimulus c, automation of the duration of the treatment session. The result is achieved by the fact that the eye accommodation simulator comprises an outer tube, in which an inner hollow tube is located coaxially, one end of which is an eyepiece. Moreover, the inner pipe is mounted with the possibility of rotational-reciprocating motion relative to the outer pipe. In this case, the eye accommodation simulator differs from the prototype in that a lens is installed in the outer tube. In the inner hollow tube there is an electronic board, in the end part of which, beveled at an angle of 45 degrees, there are stimuli, on the outer surface of which there is a stencil with images. In this case, the stimuli are established with the possibility of removing each stimulus in the queue from the eye or approaching it, depending on the direction of the sequence of stimuli activation. Moreover, the use of software allows you to select the number of simultaneously luminous stimuli, the speed of switching stimuli, automating the duration of a treatment session.

Description

The utility model relates to ophthalmology, in particular, to devices for training the muscles responsible for accommodating the lens, relieving eye fatigue, and correcting visual defects using moving light stimuli.

The prior art portable simulators in the form of a visual tube, convenient for use at home, for example, described in the following patents: RU No. 12918, RU No. 29658, JP application No. 2006296892, including devices in the form of a kaleidoscope, described in the following patents : CN No. 2084203, CN No. 2190984.

Known apparatus for training accommodation "Brook - TAK - 6.1", which can be used both clinically and at home, including children, starting from 3-4 years of age (Accommodation. Manual for a doctor edited by L.A. Katargina, M. 2012). The device contains a set (line) of light emitters, a screen for training oculomotor functions, located directly behind the remote emitter. In the center of the screen there is a table for controlling visual acuity, while the device contains a set of lenses from -3.0 to +3.0 diopters, which are fixed on individual brackets. The device operates as follows. Light emitters are installed at different distances from the patient’s eyes and are switched on sequentially. The lens is placed directly in front of the eye, forming an image that automatically moves from a minimally close position to practical infinity and vice versa. The rotation of the emitters provides a change in the observed object (letters or figures) and its size in accordance with visual acuity. When training on a dark field of the screen, point sources of light are turned on alternately and in a certain sequence. By tracking the position of these sources, the eye performs movements of a certain nature: right-left, up-down, or in a circle. The color of the emitters on the ruler and screen can be changed by turning on the red or green backlight. Before and at the end of a workout, accommodation includes lighting the table located in the center of the screen. The device has a digital control unit, which implements six basic training programs and two auxiliary programs. Training programs vary in session duration and training algorithm.

Thus, the training of the eye muscles, carried out by the apparatus "Trickle - TAK - 6.1", is based on the well-known principle of accommodation training, which consists in alternating relaxation and tension of the ciliary muscle of the eye. Such alternation is carried out by changing the distance between the image and the patient’s eye from closer to a more distant distance and vice versa, which is realized by the sequential inclusion of light emitters located at different distances from the patient’s eyes. This unit, like its kind, belongs to the stationary lens.

A device for the treatment of functional visual disorders (patent RU for the invention No. 2310426, published November 20, 2007, IPC: A61F 9/00, A61N 5/06) is intended for the treatment of functional visual disorders associated with impaired accommodation and amblyopia. The device comprises an extended housing with a hole at the front end and a blackened inner surface, a substrate on which there is a blackened screen with a slot facing the end hole, and a monochromatic light source, a pulse distributor, and a switching power supply.

This device has disadvantages, namely high weight, oversized equipment, the presence of a power supply, attachment to the power supply network, and stationarity. For treatment on stationary devices, it is necessary to fix the patient’s head at a certain distance using the chin shelf, which causes a negative attitude to treatment in children, since sitting in a certain position for a long time is difficult for them. To carry out classes in any position convenient for the patient, without fixing the head, allows the portable device.

The closest in design to the claimed invention is a portable lensless simulator for the eyes (patent RU No. 2587963, published 06/27/2016, IPC: A61F 9/00). The simulator contains an outer tube, in which the inner hollow tube with a non-optical eyepiece is telescopically located, and a transparent disk is mounted on the end of the hollow tube opposite the eyepiece, which can be made of transparent paper. The transparent disc contains an image of a ladybug. Concentric with respect to the transparent disk in the outer tube is mounted an opaque disk, which can be made of cardboard. On a translucent disk is an image of a flower. Disks can be made in the form of a display. In the outer tube there is also a light source illuminating the images on the disks. As the light source, an artificial light source is used, which can operate in both pulsed and continuous modes of time, or a multi-color LED, preferably red, blue, green.

The increasing visual load, the widespread use of computers in training and in professional activities lead to disruption of the accommodation system, to the development of asthenopic complaints and to the progression of myopia in children, adolescents and young people. This leads to the search for effective ways to prevent and treat eye accommodation disorders.

The technical problem solved by the creation of this technical solution is to create a simple, effective eye accommodation simulator with the possibility of autonomous use both in a hospital and at home for the prevention and treatment of eye accommodation disorders.

The technical result, which is achieved by the claimed utility model, consists in the possibility of training and treating accommodation of the eyes by discrete sequential presentation of characters at a fixed distance from the eye with the ability to change the speed of switching stimuli, automate the duration of the treatment session.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the eye accommodation simulator comprises an outer tube, in which an inner hollow tube is located coaxially, one end of which is an eyepiece. Moreover, the inner pipe is mounted with the possibility of rotational-reciprocating motion relative to the outer pipe. In this case, the eye accommodation simulator differs from the prototype in that a lens is installed in the outer tube. In the inner hollow tube there is an electronic board, in the end part of which, beveled at an angle of 45 degrees, there are stimuli, on the outer surface of which there is a stencil with images. In this case, the stimuli are established with the possibility of removing each stimulus in the queue from the eye or approaching it, depending on the direction of the sequence of stimuli activation. Moreover, the use of software allows you to select the number of simultaneously luminous stimuli, the speed of switching stimuli, automating the duration of a treatment session.

The eye accommodation simulator is designed to train accommodation by discrete sequential presentation of signs at a fixed distance from the eye. The monocular principle of action is used for occlusion of the idle eye. It is used to stabilize the myopic process, treat disorders of accommodation, asthenopia, and to prevent myopia in children and adolescents.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawings of FIG. 1 - FIG. 5, where:

FIG. 1 is a general view of the eye accommodation simulator,

FIG. 2 is a left view of the eye accommodation simulator,

FIG. 3 is a view A in FIG. one,

FIG. 4 is a diagram of an eye accommodation simulator,

FIG. 5 is a table showing the simulator switching time depending on the number of luminous stimuli.

The eye accommodation simulator includes the following elements:

1 - outer pipe

2 - inner pipe

3 - eyepiece,

4 - nozzle,

5 - back cover,

6 - control button,

7 - battery cover,

8 - lens

9 - incentives

10 - electronic board

11 - stencil

The main purpose of the eye accommodation simulator is to increase the volume of absolute and especially the reserves of relative accommodation. The eye accommodation simulator can be used in medical and educational institutions, as well as at home. The eye accommodation simulator (Fig. 1) is an outer tube 1 in the form of an elongated cylindrical monoblock, one of the ends of which is connected to the inner tube 2, in the end part of which there is a movable eyepiece 3 with a nozzle 4. The other end of the outer tube 1 is closed by a back cover 5 On the outer cylindrical surface of the outer pipe 1, there is a button 6 for controlling the operation of the eye accommodation simulator and a battery cover 7 (Fig. 2).

In the inner tube 2, a plano-convex lens 8 (Fig. 4) is installed with optical power plus eight diopters. On the same optical axis with a lens 8 (Fig. 4) inside the outer tube 1 are located stimuli 9 (LEDs) in the amount of eight pieces mounted on an electronic board 10 (Fig. 1). Incentives 9 are placed in the end part of the electronic board 10, beveled at an angle of 45 degrees.

The stimuli 9 on the outside are covered by a stencil 11 with images of animals, which allows training to be carried out with interest. The distance from the stimuli 9 to the eye can be adjusted using the inner tube 2.

Thanks to the inner tube 2 and lens 8, you can clearly focus on the incentives 9 for people with different levels of vision. The software of the eye accommodation simulator allows you to choose one of eight stimulus switching speeds 9, which contributes to a better adaptation of the patient to the eye accommodation simulator. Small dimensions and weight allow you to use the eye accommodation simulator at home. The eye accommodation simulator is powered by two AAA batteries, which gives it full autonomy and the ability to use it regardless of the mains. Before using the eye training simulator, you must open the battery cover 7, install the batteries (observing polarity) in the battery compartment and close its cover again.

The inner tube 2 with lens 8 allows the eye to clearly focus on the image by changing the distance from the eye to the stimulus 9.

Using the developed software allows you to choose the switching speed of the stimuli 9, depending on the level of readiness of the patient.

The absence of a power supply and attachment to the network allows you to make the eye accommodation simulator autonomous and use at home.

Work with the eye accommodation simulator is carried out in a sitting position. Before starting work, it is necessary to orient the eye accommodation simulator so that the control button 6 is on the right side. Bring the eye accommodation simulator with the eyepiece 3 with the nozzle 4 to the eye, while pressing and holding the control button 6. Observing the glow of the lower stimulus 9, rotating the inner tube 2 with the eyepiece 3, it is necessary to achieve a sharp image of the stimulus 9. Lens 8 allows the eye to focus on the stimulus 9 for more comfortable and effective workout. Looking into the eyepiece 3 through lens 8 with optical power plus eight diopters, the human eye during training observes the sequential activation of eight stimuli 9. Stimuli 9 are turned on one at a time twice a second in order from the first to the eighth, then from the eighth to the first and so on the cycle is repeated for three minutes. Before training, it is possible to set the stimulus switching time 9. The minimum stimulus switching time 9 is 0.5 seconds and the maximum 2 seconds. A total of eight stimulus switching speeds are available 9 (Fig. 5).

It is recommended to start training with choosing the slowest stimulus switching speed 9 The number of luminous stimuli 9 increases (from bottom to top), reaching eight, and then is reset to one, and the process repeats. The speed of their switching during training depends on the number of stimuli 9, the more burning stimuli 9 are selected, the faster the speed of their switching during training. If you release the control button 6 at the moment when one stimulus 9 is on, the slowest switching mode will be selected; if you release the control button 6 at the moment when the number of burning stimuli 9 is eight, the fastest switching mode will be selected.

The switching time depending on the number of luminous stimuli 9 is shown in the table of FIG. 5.

If when you turn on the product, there is a blinking of two central stimuli 9 with subsequent shutdown, then this indicates a discharge of batteries. For normal operation, replace the batteries.

The eye accommodation simulator allows continuous training using a positive plano-convex lens 8 with optical power plus eight diopters. Training is achieved by observing one of the eyes in the eyepiece 3 of the simulator of accommodation of the eye stimuli 9, switching at different speeds. The use of this simulator reduces eye fatigue, trains the eye and intraocular muscles and, as a result, increases visual acuity. For training, there is no need to rotate the inner tube 2 during the procedure, since the stimuli 9 due to the design themselves move at different distances relative to the eye and the simulator allows focusing on the stimuli 9 (thanks to lens 8 and inner tube 2) to people with different eyesight.

The eye accommodation simulator can be used during the complex treatment of diseases associated with weakened accommodation and impaired refraction: treatment and stabilization of the myopic process, relieving accommodation spasm, for the prevention of myopia with weakened accommodation in children and adolescents. Adults with initial presbyopia, as well as with asthenopia (visual fatigue).

The mechanism of the therapeutic effect of the eye accommodation simulator is to normalize the tone and increase the efficiency of the ciliary muscle, increase the metabolic activity of ciliary body cells, and improve hemodynamics.

Claims (4)

1. An eye accommodation simulator comprising an outer tube in which an inner hollow tube is coaxially disposed, one end of which is an eyepiece, wherein the inner tube is mounted for rotationally-reciprocating motion relative to the outer tube, characterized in that a lens is mounted in the outer tube with optical power plus eight diopters, an electronic board is placed in the inner hollow tube, in the end part of which, beveled at an angle of 45 °, there are stimuli with an external surface stencil images, wherein the stimuli are mounted to an illuminated remove each stimulus from the queue eye or proximity thereto, depending on the direction of stimulus switching sequence, wherein the simulator is operable to simultaneously select the number of luminous stimuli and their switching speed. 2. The eye accommodation simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the lens mounted in the outer tube is plano-convex. 3. The eye accommodation simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the optimal number of stimuli is eight. 4. The eye accommodation simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of stimulus switching speeds is eight.

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