RU175279U1 - DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING CUMULATIVE CHARGES WITH UNIFORM DENSITY - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to means for producing cumulative charges for perforation systems used to enhance oil recovery. The task of creating a utility model: ensuring a uniform density of explosive charges. The technical result of the claimed solution is to ensure a uniform density of explosive charges. The solution of this problem was achieved in a device for the manufacture of cumulative charges with uniform density, containing the first press with upper and lower plates, upper and lower punches placed opposite each other, in that it contains a second press connected by two guides with the first press, the device is made with the possibility of forming cumulative charges by punches in the carriage in two stages, while the upper punches are made floating. The carriage can be made with several glasses, according to the number of shaped charges. A device for the manufacture of shaped-charge shells can be equipped with a vibrator to act on the product during the pressing process, connected to the carriage. A device for the manufacture of shaped-charge shells can be equipped with an inductor for heating the compression product located outside the carriage. A device for the manufacture of shaped-charge shells can be equipped with a set of interchangeable lower punches for the manufacture of shaped-charge charges for various purposes. A device for the manufacture of shaped-charge shells can be equipped with lower punches for the formation of shaped charges "Deep penetration". A device for the manufacture of shaped-charge shells can be equipped with lower punches for the formation of shaped charges "Big hole". 5 cp f-ly, 14 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to means for producing cumulative charges for perforation systems used to enhance oil recovery.

A device for pressing cumulative charges according to the patent of the Russian Federation for the invention No. 2237850, IPC F28B 1/035, publ. 10/10/2004, the prototype.

This device contains a mold for assembling a cumulative charge. The mold includes a die, a pallet and a punch mounted to move toward the pallet, while between the punch and the pallet there is a node for transmitting the pressing force onto the pallet, made up of at least two movable and one fixed parts placed between them , one of the moving parts is placed opposite the punch with the ability to move in its direction, and the other is opposite the transmission unit of the pressing force on the pallet with the ability to move in the opposite direction, while on the inside Grooves are made and outer side surfaces of the stationary part, and protrusions are made on the side surface of the movable part opposite the punch and on the inner surface of the other movable part, the movable part opposite the punch protruding into the groove made on the inner surface of the fixed part, and the other movable part of the protrusion enters the groove made on the outer surface of the fixed part.

The disadvantages of this device: low productivity, poor level of automation of the process of formation of a bursting charge, a relatively large uneven density of explosives at the base of the cone for the reasons described previously.

The task of creating a utility model: ensuring a uniform density of cumulative charges.

The technical result of the utility model is to ensure uniform cumulative charge density.

The solution to this problem was achieved in a device for the manufacture of cumulative charges with uniform density, containing a press with upper and lower plates, upper and lower punches placed opposite each other, the fact that the upper punches are made floating, the lower plate is equipped with two guides and a carriage made with the possibility of extension along the guides to another press.

The carriage can be made with several glasses, according to the number of shaped charges.

A device for the manufacture of cumulative charges can be equipped with a vibrator connected to the carriage mechanically.

The device can be equipped with a set of interchangeable lower punches.

As the lower punches, punches can be used to form the “Deep Penetration” shaped charges.

Lower punches can be used to form the “Big Hole” shaped charges.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings (Fig. 1 ... 14), where

- in FIG. 1 shows a front view of the device,

- in FIG. 2 shows a side view of the device,

- in FIG. 3 shows the first stage of formation of a cumulative charge,

- in FIG. 4 shows the second stage of formation of the cumulative charge,

- in FIG. 5 shows a diagram of the formation of a cumulative charge,

- in FIG. 6 shows view A,

- in FIG. 7 is a front view of a second press and carriage,

- in FIG. 8 is a top view of the second press and carriage,

- in FIG. 9 shows a front view of a second press and a carriage with a vibrator,

- in FIG. 10 shows a top view of a second press and a carriage with a vibrator,

- in FIG. 11 shows the lower punch, the first option,

- in FIG. 12 shows the lower punch, the second option,

- in FIG. 13 shows the lower punch, the third option,

- in FIG. 14 is a support.

Symbols adopted in the description:

1 - bottom plate

2 - lower punch,

3 - supports

4 - upper punch,

5 - annular groove,

6 - a glass,

7 - a plastic case,

8 - inner shell

9 - plate

10 - product

11 - cumulative charge,

12 - external housing

13 - hairpin,

14 - carriage

15 - guide

16 - top plate

17 - pre-pressing zone,

18 - zone sending buildings,

19 is a pre-formed charge,

20 - top of charge,

21 - hole

22 - rubber ring,

23 - emphasis

24 - lower movable plate,

25 - spring

26 - columns

27 - shift handle

28 - lateral flat

29 - the first press,

30 - second press,

31 - ledge,

32 - slot

33 - forming part of the punch

34 - vibrator.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DEVICE IN STATICS

To obtain a uniform density of the product along the generatrix of the outer case 12, a device is proposed (Fig. 1-14) for generating a bursting charge, comprising first and second presses 29 and 30 connected by guides 15. The number of positions (places) corresponds to the number of cumulative charges 11 formed simultaneously. In the following, a device for the simultaneous formation of four cumulative charges 11 is considered.

The first press 29 comprises a bottom plate 1, which is made stationary. It has a multi-position carriage 14 on the guides 15.

The carriage 14 is initially installed in the pre-pressing zone.

The lower punches 2 are installed opposite the supports 3. On the upper plate 16 are fixed the upper punches 4, which are made floating. The upper punches 4 form the apex of the charge 20. In the outer casing 12 there is an opening 21 for air outlet. The upper punches 4 (floating) has an annular groove 5 and side flats 28 for air outlet during pressing.

A general view of the device is shown in FIG. one.

In FIG. 2 shows the peak of charge 20. In the initial state, when the cup 6 and the lower punch 2 with the protrusion 31 in the form of a cylinder entered the slot 32 (FIGS. 2 and 14) of the lower support 3 and stood coaxially, the inner shell was put on the lower punch 2 for 8 s a rubber ring 22. A certain mass of product (explosive) is poured into the glass 6. The top plate 16 with installed upper punches 4 (floating) is used to form the bottom of the cumulative charge 11.

The carriage 14 is adapted to extend from the pre-pressing zone 17 along the plate 9. The carriage 14 consists of a plastic housing 7, in which several glasses 6 are installed (four in terms of the number of charges formed), which are fixed by a pin 13. The plate 9 protects against falling out of the lower punches 2 and glasses 6.

The second press 30 (Fig. 7 ... 10) is installed in the sending area of the casings 18. The carriage 14 is mounted on the lower movable plate 24, which is fixed at the upper point and pressed by the springs 25. The lower movable plate 24 is arranged to move down the columns 26. On stops 23 are fixed to the upper plate 16, which, abutting against the outer shells 12, move them until the cumulative charge 11 completely enters the outer shells 12.

In FIG. 2 and 3 show the process of pre-pressing the cumulative charge 11 by backfilling the low-density product 10 with the addition of sensitizers.

The use of the carriage 14 allows for additional technological operations: vibration and heating of the product 10 by induction heating, to ensure plasticity during pressing (not shown in Fig. 1-14).

In FIG. Figure 4-6 shows the operation of sending housings (inner shell and outer shell). Facings (inner shells 8 and outer shells 12) for the “GP” - holes of “Deep penetration” have the form of lower punches 2, more precisely the forming parts of the punches 33 (Fig. 11) and the inner surface of the stops 23 (Figs. 3 and 7), then there is a cone shape, and are made of composite powder materials with the addition of high-density components, such as tungsten, or without high-density components. They can be of a simple form - these are two straight cones, the inner cone has an opening angle of 1-2 degrees less than the outer cone, or the cladding is complex in shape, the inner straight and the outer has an arc surface. In our case, on the outer casing 12 there is a seat for the rubber ring 22, which performs two functions:

1. Does not leave the product on the wall of the glass 6, which increases safety when sending the inner shell 8 to the outer case 12 of the cumulative charge 11;

2. Seals the internal space of the cumulative charge 11 from the breakthrough of gases.

In FIG. 11-13, three examples of the lower punches 2 are shown: for the formation of cumulative charges of deep penetration - "GP" (Fig. 11) and two options (Figs. 12 and 13) for cumulative charges of the type "Big hole" - "BO". The forming parts of the punches 33 correspond to the shape of the inner shell 8 of the formed cumulative charge 11.

Most often, claddings (items 8 and 12 in FIGS. 3 and 4) for BO are made of copper sheet with a thickness of 0.5-0.9 mm.

In FIG. 11 shows an option for the formation of cumulative charges "GP":

The side walls at the apex are conjugated with a radius R ₁ = (0.2 ... 0.3) D ₀ , where

R ₁ is the radius of conjugation at the apex of the cone,

D ₀ is the diameter of the base of the cumulative charge.

In FIG. 12 shows an option for the formation of cumulative charges "BO".

The side walls at the apex are conjugated using radii determined from the relations

R ₁ = (0.2-0.3) D ₀ ,

R ₂ = (0.5-0.7) D ₀ ,

R ₃ = (0.4-0.6) D ₀ ,

where R ₁ is the radius of conjugation at the apex of the cone,

R ₂ is the second mating radius,

R ₃ - the third radius of the pairing,

D ₀ is the diameter of the base of the cumulative projectile.

In FIG. 13 shows the second option for the formation of cumulative charges "BO".

The side walls at the apex and base are conjugated using radii determined from the relations:

R ₄ = (0.6-0.9) D ₀ ,

R ₅ = (0.05-0.1) D ₀ .

In FIG. 14 shows the support 3 with a slot 32 for installing the protrusions 31 of the lower punches 2.

FORMING CHARGES

To obtain a uniform density of the product along the generatrix of the inner shell 8, the following method of generating a bursting charge is proposed (Fig. 2). A carriage 14 is installed on the bottom plate 1 (fixed). The carriage 14 is guided by the guides 15 to the pre-pressing zone 17. The lower punches 2 are opposite the supports 3. On the upper plate 16 are fixed the upper punches 4 (floating), which form the top of the charge 20. The upper punches 4 have an annular groove 5 and side flats 28 for air outlet during pressing.

In FIG. 2 shows the main phases of the process of pressing the upper part of the cumulative charge. In the initial state, when the cups 6 and the lower punches 2 with a protrusion 31 in the form of a cylinder entered the slot 32 of the lower supports 3 and stood coaxially, put on the inner punch 4 an inner shell 8 with a rubber ring 22. Then a certain mass of product is poured into all the cups 6 (explosive) 10. The upper plate 16 with installed floating upper punches 4 begins to move down, forming the bottom of the cumulative charge 11. After this, the carriage 14 is advanced from the pre-pressing zone 17 on the plate 9.

Next, the carriage 14 is transmitted to the second press 30 along the guides 15 and is installed in the sending area of the housings 18 (Fig. 7-10). The carriage 14 is mounted on the lower movable plate 24 of the second press 30.

The lower movable plate 24 moves down the columns 26, compressing the springs 25. The stops 23, abutting against the outer shells 12, move them until the bursting charge 11 completely enters the outer shells 12.

The use of the carriage 14 allows additional technological operations: vibration and, if necessary, heating of the product 10 by induction heating (not shown) to ensure plasticity during pressing.

Vibration effect can be carried out both outside the device and in its composition (Fig. 9 and 10) using a vibrator mounted on the carriage 14 or connected mechanically to it.

The proposed device is universal. When changing the lower punches 2, it is possible to produce deep penetration charges - "GP" or "" BO "- charges forming a large hole on the casing.

Application of the utility model allowed:

- to ensure high uniformity of the density of the cumulative charge and increase its power and breakdown power with the same mass of explosive,

- to ensure the formation of cumulative charges of deep penetration - "GP",

- to ensure the formation of cumulative charges of the type "Big hole" - "BO".

Claims (6)

1. Device for the manufacture of cumulative charges with uniform density, containing a press with upper and lower plates, upper and lower punches placed opposite each other, characterized in that the upper punches are made floating, the lower plate is equipped with two guides and a carriage made with the possibility of extension along the guides to another press. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the carriage is made with several glasses, according to the number of shaped charges. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a vibrator connected mechanically to the carriage. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a set of interchangeable lower punches. 5. The device according to p. 4, characterized in that as the lower punches used punches for the formation of shaped charges "Deep penetration". 6. The device according to p. 4, characterized in that the lower punches are used to form the “Large Hole” shaped charges.

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