RU172679U1 - Building support device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to building elements used for fastening predominantly vertically mounted uprights, poles and other long products to the surface made of composite materials, in particular composite fittings for attaching railing racks to a bearing surface. The fitting is structural, made of a composite material based on a binder and fiber, according to the stated solution, the composite material includes a filler, and a coating is located on its surface. The technical result of this utility model is to increase fire resistance through the use of filler, which reduces the combustibility of the finished product, as well as by coating the surface of the product, preventing the burning of the product while increasing its resistance to UV radiation due to the specified coating.

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to building elements used for fastening predominantly vertically mounted uprights, poles and other long products to the surface made of composite materials, in particular composite fittings for attaching railing racks to a bearing surface.

State of the art

New generations of composite materials based on basalt, organic, carbon, polyester, para-aramid, meta-aramid, polyacrylonitrile fiber, fiberglass, and latex binder, epoxy binder, polyester binder, organosilicon binder, vinyl ester binder, phenolic polyurethane, binder based on the prior art are known from the prior art. , a binder based on thermoplastics, a binder based on elastomers. Such materials begin to be widely used in the manufacture of various elements of building structures, as they have several advantages over traditional materials (metals), such as tensile strength, low weight, corrosion resistance, heat-insulating properties, and long service life. The disadvantage manifested in the manufacture of these composite materials is the high adaptability of the process and its low production rate compared to the manufacture of metal parts by traditional methods - stamping, cutting, welding.

Non-combustible mineral fillers — calcium carbonate, dolomite, stone dust, talc, aluminum hydroxide — are also known in the art. In addition, flame retardant coatings are known from the prior art — paint coatings, film coatings, powder coatings in the form that swell under the influence of high temperature (plasticize, then expand by foaming, and then harden to form a layer of burnt foam ), or turn into a glassy coating, which prevents the further combustion process.

Also, reinforced concrete prestressed supports for installing road signs are known from GOST 25459-82. In addition, supports of the contact network of railways made of metal alloys and reinforced concrete are known from GOST 19330-2013.

The advantages of reinforced concrete or metal supports, in particular, are incombustibility and protection against ultraviolet radiation (UV radiation), while the disadvantages are the large weight, which increases labor costs during transportation and installation, and also increases the load on the installed surface, in the case when the support It is installed on a surface with limited bearing capacity, as well as corrosion of metal parts and concrete cracking, which reduce the bearing capacity of the supports.

The closest technical solution, chosen as the closest analogue, is the support for mounting the rack, known from the patent for utility model of the Russian Federation No. 141661 dated 02/28/2014 IPC E04H 17/14, made of a composite material based on unsaturated polyester resins with the addition of alkali-free filaments fiberglass and including a base with mounting holes made in it and a box, the inner surface of which forms a cavity, made with the possibility of placing a rack in it, and stiffeners. The implementation of the support made of composite material provides high strength and excellent mechanical properties, and also reduces weight with comparable strength characteristics. While the disadvantages of this support are manifested during its operation in the form of susceptibility to burning and destruction as a result of solar UV radiation.

Utility Model Disclosure

The technical result of this utility model is to increase fire resistance through the use of filler, which reduces the combustibility of the finished product, as well as by coating the surface of the product, preventing the burning of the product while increasing its resistance to UV radiation due to the specified coating.

The specified technical result is achieved using the supporting device of the building structure, including a base with mounting holes made therein, a box, the inner surface of which forms a cavity, made possible to accommodate the building structure, and stiffeners, as well as made of composite material based on binder and fiber, according to the claimed solution, the composite material includes a fire-resistant filler, and on its surface lozheno increases the fire resistance coating.

At the same time, as a filler increasing the fire resistance, mineral is mainly used. Thus, calcium carbonate and / or dolomite and / or stone dust and / or talc and / or aluminum hydroxide can be used as a mineral filler.

Also, as a flame retardant coating, a paint coating, or a film coating, or a powder coating in the form, is predominantly used.

In addition, the cavity formed by the inner surface of the box may have a rectangular, or square, or oval, or circular cross section, and the supporting device may include at least two mounting holes.

In this case, basalt and / or organic and / or carbon and / or polyester and / or para-aramid and / or meta-aramid and / or polyacrylonitrile fibers and / or glass fibers can be used as fibers.

In addition, a latex binder and / or an epoxy binder and / or a polyester binder and / or a silicone binder and / or a vinyl ester binder and / or a phenolic binder and / or a polyurethane binder can be used as a binder, and / or a binder based on thermoplastics, and / or a binder based on elastomers.

Unlike the closest analogue, the supporting device of the building structure is more fire resistant, since it contains a filler and has a coating, and is also more resistant to UV radiation due to the coating, which ensures the achievement of a given technical result.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The essence of the claimed utility model and the possibility of its practical implementation is illustrated by the following figure and description.

The figure shows a General view of the supporting device of the building structure.

Utility Model Implementation

The proposed technical solution of the utility model is illustrated by the specific implementation of the proposed supporting device of the building structure, however, the above example is not the only possible, but clearly demonstrates the possibility of achieving this set of essential features of the claimed technical result.

The supporting device 1 of the building structure is made of a composite material based on epoxy binder and basalt fiber. Moreover, instead of an epoxy binder, the following binders can be used - latex binder, polyester binder, silicone binder, vinyl ester binder, phenolic binder, polyurethane-based binder, thermoplastics-based binder, elastomer-based binder, as well as combinations thereof, selected depending from the required properties (time, temperature) of solidification of the binder and the applied production technology of the supporting device of the building structure. Whereas instead of basalt fiber, the following fibers can be used - organic fiber, carbon fiber, polyester fiber, para-aramid fiber, meta-aramid fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, glass fiber, as well as combinations thereof, selected depending on the required strength and economy of the finished product.

In addition, the composite material of the supporting device 1 of the building structure includes a mineral filler - aluminum hydroxide, and on the surface of the supporting device 1 of the building structure there is a coating - paint coating, which contains intumescent substances that prevent combustion. At the same time, instead of aluminum hydroxide, the following mineral fillers can be used - calcium carbonate, dolomite, stone dust, talc, and their combinations, depending on the viscosity of the binder, the speed of solidification of the binder and the economy of the filler. Also, instead of a paint coating, a coating in the form of a film, a coating in the form of powder coating in the form can be used, depending on the technology used and the availability of equipment.

The supporting device 1 of the building structure includes a base 2 with four mounting holes 3 made in it, while the number of holes is selected based on the calculated loads and the installation location, box 4, the inner surface of which forms a cavity 5 having a rectangular cross section, made possible placing in it a building structure, and stiffening ribs 6. In addition, the cavity formed by the inner surface of the box can have a square, or oval, or round cross-section, depending on the type of rack profile inserted into it.

The supporting device 1 of the building structure is used as follows, the supporting device 1 of the building structure is mounted on a surface equipped with the ability to install a reciprocal fastening connection, preferably a bolt connection, after tightening which a rack (long element) is installed in the supporting device 1 of the building structure, which is fixed by adhesion , and after hardening the binder can be used for its intended purpose.

The proposed supporting device 1 of the building structure can be manufactured by the following methods:

- the method of manual molding, passing in several stages. First, on a tool equipped with a layer of release material, a thin layer of a binder, for example, an epoxy binder, is applied. Then a fiber, for example, basalt fiber or chopped basalt fiber, is laid or sprayed and a binder is applied in an amount sufficient to impregnate the laid fiber. The volume of applied fiber and binder depends on the required dimensions of the product. Then the product cures at room or elevated temperatures (depending on the binder). After curing, the finished product is removed from the snap and is trimmed excess at the edges.

- the method of vacuum infusion, based on the use of vacuum to impregnate the fiber with a binder. After curing the binder, the product is removed from the mold equipped with a layer of release material;

- by pressing method, which provides for loading material, fiber and a binder into a mold equipped with a layer of release material, molding the product under pressure and fixing the specified configuration of the product. Hot pressing is characterized in that the molding process takes place under the influence of temperature;

- by spraying chopped fiber. This method uses a special spray gun into which the thread is fed. In the gun’s knives, the thread is cut into short fibers. Then, in the air, the fibers are mixed with a binder jet and applied to a mold equipped with a layer of release material. After applying chopped fiber, the product is molded to remove air impurities. The molded product cures under normal atmospheric conditions;

- method of long-fiber injection - consisting of four stages (steps). At the first stage, the fiber is cut (roving) and mixed with a binder in the mixing head. The next step, the prepared mixture is sprayed through the injector onto the surface of an open mold equipped with a layer of release material. Previously, the surface of the mold is coated. This is followed by exposure to pressure and temperature in the press. The last operation is the extraction of the finished product, drying and machining of the product edge. The product obtained using this technology is ready for installation without additional painting;

- SMC-method (Sheet Molding Compound). SMC material ("sheet molding compound") is a composition consisting of a binder and fiber. It is a fabric with a removable nylon film on top and bottom. Compositions are used as material for the further production of products. The manufacture of large-sized products from SMC compositions is carried out mainly by direct pressing in heated dies on hydraulic presses. The essence of the SMC method is that the material is pre-cut, the film is removed from its surfaces and then it is packed into a bag. After preliminary heating in the oven, the package is transferred to the mold. The operating temperature in the process of molding the product is 150-170 ° C. The curing process, depending on the thickness and configuration of the product, takes from 2 to 5 minutes. After curing, the part is removed from the mold and machined. After that, the part is ready for further secondary operations, such as varnishing and installation;

- by injection of resin into a closed mold. This is a technology in which special equipment is used, consisting of two parts: a “matrix” and a reciprocal form - a punch. The essence of the method is that a dry, pre-cut reinforcing material is placed between the matrix and the punch. Then, using special equipment, a binder is injected into the closed mold under pressure. After curing, the finished product is removed from the mold and subjected to machining, if necessary;

- Navy method ("Bulk Molding Compound"). An IUD material is a mechanical mixture of the same basic components as an SMC. The main difference is the production technology. In the manufacture of Navy prepregs, a shorter fiber (from 3 to 12-15 mm) and a higher degree of filling are used, which provides, on the one hand, better fluidity, and on the other hand, the possibility of obtaining a material with higher fire and chemical resistance;

- by the DMC method (Dough Molding Compound) - pressing premixes, pasty thermoset press materials based on binders filled with mineral fillers and short fibers;

- by the RIM method (Reaction Injection Molding) - casting parts from unfilled thermoset compositions made up of monomers, with separate feeding of the components of the composition into the chamber, where they are mixed with each other, injected under pressure into the injection mold and quickly cure;

- by the SRIM method (Structural Reaction Injection Molding) - in contrast to RIM, an unfilled thermosetting monomer-oligomer composition is injected into the mold under a pressure of 7-14 MPa, in which the billet package is located, it is impregnated and cured;

- by the RRIM method (Reinforces Resin Injection Molding) - injection molding, which differs from RIM in that thermoset compositions filled with short fiber are cast at elevated pressure (up to 2.5 MPa), since they have a high viscosity;

- by pressing on a tape press.

In the manufacturing process of the supporting device 1 of the building structure by the indicated methods, fillers are introduced into its composition. In the manufacture of the supporting device 1 of the building structure by methods not involving surface coating in the mold, such a coating is applied after solidification of the resulting product.

The implementation of the utility model is possible using existing means of production using well-known processes and materials.

Patent studies have shown that the set of essential features of a utility model is not known from the prior art.

Claims (8)

1. Supporting device of a building structure, including a base with mounting holes made therein, a box, the inner surface of which forms a cavity, made to accommodate a building structure, and stiffeners, and also made of a composite material based on a binder and fiber, characterized in that the composite material includes a flame-retardant filler, and a flame-retardant coating is located on its surface. 2. The supporting device of the building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a mineral filler is used as a filler to increase the fire resistance. 3. The supporting device of the building structure according to claim 2, characterized in that calcium carbonate and / or dolomite and / or stone dust and / or talc and / or aluminum hydroxide are used as a mineral filler. 4. The supporting device of the building structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the paint coating, or the coating in the form of a film, or the coating in the form of a powder coating in the form is used as a fire-retardant coating. 5. The supporting device of the building structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the cavity formed by the inner surface of the box has a rectangular, or square, or oval, or circular cross section. 6. The supporting device of the building structure according to claim 5, characterized in that it includes at least two mounting holes. 7. Supporting device for building construction according to claim 6, characterized in that the fiber used is basalt, and / or organic, and / or carbon, and / or polyester, and / or para-aramid, and / or meta-aramid, and / or polyacrylonitrile fiber and / or fiberglass. 8. The building structure support device according to claim 7, characterized in that the latex binder and / or epoxy binder and / or polyester binder and / or silicone binder and / or vinyl ester binder and / or phenolic binder are used as the binder. a polyurethane-based binder and / or binder and / or thermoplastics-based binder and / or elastomer-based binder.

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